Two hundred and thirteen cases of acute poisoning who were admitted in pediatric wards of Severance Hospital and Won ju Christian Hospital from April, 1966 to March, 1976 (10 years) were statistically analyzed and compared it with the statistical study of same hospitals from April, 1956 to March, 1966 (10 years). 1. Incidence of poisoning was 1.2% of all admitted cases. Severance Hospital and Won ju Christian Hospital were corresponding to 0.9% and 2.0% of all pediatric admitted patients respectively 2. Sex incidence was more higher in boys than girls, The highest incidence (39%) was noted in the 1 to 4 year age group. 3. Seasonal incidence was more prevalent in summer months. (form June to August) 4. Fortyseven kinds of various poisonous substances were observed to be causative. The most common causative was insecticide (made for aggricultual use) which was 52% of all cases. (Severance Hospital: 37%, Won ju Christian Hospital: 76%). Drug (23%), CO gas (8.5%) and rodenticide (5%) were the next common causative agnts. 5. Poisoning of accidental cause was frequent (69%) than therapeutic and suicidal purpose, which were 26% and 6% respectively. 6. Mortality rate was 8% and insecticide was the most common cause of death. 7. There was no statistically significant difference between the past study and this study which were performed from two same hospitals in sex incidence, age incidence, seasonal distribution, motivations of poisoning, duration from poisoning to arrival to emergency room and mortality rate. In the past study the most common causative substance was CO gas in Severance Hospital and insecticide in Won ju Christian Hospital. In this study insecticide become the most common causative substance in both hospitals and the incidence was significantly increased than the past. Drug was second common causative agent. Lye was markedly decreased poisoning to compare with past study. Incidence of patients who were treated at the other clinic was increased from 14% to 33%.
Cause of Death ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Lye ; Mortality ; Poisoning ; Seasons ; Statistics as Topic

There is a broad range of lumbar pedicular and neural arch anomalies, with spina bifida occulta and spondylolysis being especially common. It is very rare for a pedicular cleft to be associated with contralateral spondylolysis in the same vertebral segment. We observed L4 spondylolisthesis, clefting of the left L4 hypertrophied pedicle associated with contralateral spondylolysis, and spinal stenosis on a radiographic study of the lumbar spine. Operative treatment was performed, with posterior decompression, partial removal of the hypertrophied pedicle, posterior lumbar interbody fusion using a cage, and posterior instrumentation. The patient's neurologic symptoms resolved after operative treatment. Fusion of the left pedicle cleft was observed on 6-month follow-up CT. We report one case of pedicular cleft fusion using pedicle screw fixation and present a review of the relevant literature.
Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Spina Bifida Occulta ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis ; Spondylolysis

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Ligamentum Flavum*

Intermittent administrations of dopaminergic agents in hemiparkinsonian rat enhances the behavioral response to subsequent administration of the drugs. This phenomenon is known as "priming" and thought as comparable to drug-induced dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease. We investigated the behavioral and electrophysiological changes in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned hemiparkinsonian rats after repeated administrations of apomorphine. Administration of apomorphine (0.32 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.) twice daily for 6 days enhanced the rotation induced by apomorphine from 341 turns/hour at the beginning to 755 turns/hr at the end. At the same time, the response to selective D2 agonist quinpirole (0.26 mg/kg, i.p.) was also enhanced from 203 to 555 turns/hr. Extracellular single unit recording revealed no significant difference in the basal firing rates of substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) neurons between the ipsilateral and contralateral side of the 6-OHDA lesion regardless of the repeated administrations of apomorphine. In SNr of the lesion side, the units with burst firing pattern were found more frequently after repeated administrations of apomorphine and the suppressive effect of quinpirole on the firing rate was enhanced. These findings suggest that the increased percentage of the burst units is the important electrophysiological change in the development of enhanced response to selective D2 agonist.
Animal ; Apomorphine/*pharmacology ; Dopamine Agonists/*pharmacology ; MPTP Poisoning/physiopathology ; Male ; Oxidopamine/toxicity ; Parkinsonian Disorders/*physiopathology ; Quinpirole/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/*drug effects ; Substantia Nigra/*drug effects/physiology

No abstract available.
Cerebellopontine Angle* ; Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring* ; Neuroma, Acoustic*

It is often assumed that a parenchymal brain lesion which shows no contrast enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is a"low-grade tumor". We investigated a series of 20 patients with nonenhancing cerebral gliomas ; all underwent stereotactic biopsy or open resection, and histological diagnoses were astrocytoma(n=7), anaplastic astrocytoma(n=7), oligodendroglioma(n=5), and ganglioglioma(n=1). Before surgery, 11 patients underwent [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG-PET), and this showed hypermetabolic features in two of four patients with anaplastic astrocytomas and in one of seven with astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas. Among 17 patients, the mean Ki-67 labeling index was 4.4+/-4.3(range : 0.1-16.7), and the standard error was 1.04. These results indicate that in cerebral gliomas, the enhancing pattern seen on MRI cannot predict the degree of malignancy, and we suggest that even if imaging is consistent with "low-grade glioma", histological verification and close follow-up of clinical course are both important.
Anaplasia ; Astrocytoma ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Diagnosis ; Electrons ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glioma* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Oligodendroglioma

Acute or subacute myelopathy with spontaneous thrombosis of the veins in a patient with a spinal arteriovenous malformation(AVM) has been referred to as "Foix-Alajouanine syndrome(FAS)". A previously healthy 15-year-old girl developed neurological illness with progressive lower extremity weakness and low back pain. The MRI demonstrated the diffuse swelling of the spinal cord around the 10th thoracic level, suggesting myelopathy. Her neurological symptoms deteriorated to paraplegia, voiding difficulty and areflexia. Spinal arteriography did not demonstrate a vascular lesions such as arteriovenous malformation(AVM) or arteriovenous fistula(AVF). Operation revealed diffuse necrosis of the spinal cord and one abnormal thrombosed drainage vein. Progressive clinical illness, the histopathology of the patchy necrosis of spinal cord tissue and many thickened blood vessels are compatible with Foix-Alajouanine syndrome. We report a case of Foix-Alajouanine syndrome with a review of the literature.
Adolescent ; Angiography ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Blood Vessels ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Necrosis ; Paraplegia ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Thrombosis ; Veins

In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), intraperitoneal (IP) administration of chemotherapy is an effective first-line treatment and may improve outcomes, compared with intravenous (IV) chemotherapy. We used Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to compare long-term survival between propensity score-matched patients with advanced EOC receiving IP (n = 34) vs. IV (n = 68) chemotherapy. Additionally, clinical features associated with carboplatin-based (n = 21) and cisplatin-based (n = 16) IP chemotherapy were analyzed and compared with those associated with IV chemotherapy. The IP and IV chemotherapy groups had a median follow-up duration of 67 (range, 3–131) and 62 (range, 0–126) months, respectively, with no significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.735) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.776). A significantly higher proportion of patients in the IV (91.2%) than in the IP (67.6%) chemotherapy group (P = 0.004) received ≥ 6 cycles. However, the frequency of toxic events (anemia, granulocytopenia, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, hepatotoxicity, neuromuscular effects) was significantly higher in the IP than in the IV group. Within the IP group, no significant differences were observed in PFS (P = 0.533) and OS (P = 0.210) between the cisplatin-based and carboplatin-based chemotherapy subgroups. The 10-year OS was 28.6% and 49.2% in carboplatin-based and cisplatin-based IP chemotherapy groups, respectively. Toxic events (granulocytopenia, leukopenia, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, hepatotoxicity, neuromuscular effects) were significantly more common in the cisplatin-based subgroup. In patients with EOC, cisplatin-based IP chemotherapy may be an acceptable alternative to IV chemotherapy regarding long-term survival, but toxicity must be addressed.
Abdominal Pain ; Agranulocytosis ; Carboplatin ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leukopenia ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Survival Analysis*

OBJECTIVES: Aspergillosis of central nervous system(CNS) is a rare pathologic condition and it has been known to be difficult to diagnose and treat. We analyzed seven cases of central nervous system aspergillosis. The clinical characteristics, and the problems in diagnosis and treatment are discussed with review of previous literatures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records, radiological findings, and pathologic reports of 7 patients with aspergillosis which involved CNS. RESULTS: Five patients were immunocompetent, and infection was related with previous operation in 4 of them. Two patients were immunocompromised and had no history of operation. Five patients had intracranial lesions and two had spinal lesions. Mean duration from the onset of initial symptom to pathologic diagnosis was 2.4 months. Mean duration from the previous operation to the onset of symptom was 9.3 months, and from the onset of symptom to diagnosis was 2.9 months in the patients who had histories of operation. All of them were treated with surgical procedures and intravenous and oral antifungal agents, resulting in cure in 6 cases. Mean duration of the treatment was 4.9 months. CONCLUSION: Because aspergillosis of CNS is a rare disease and is difficult to be differentiated from the pyogenic abscess or recurrent tumor, the pathologic diagnosis is very important for adequate treatment. Although the prognosis of aspergillosis of CNS has been known to be poor, adequate surgery for both diagnosis and treatment and antifungal chemotherapy resulted in good outcome.
Abscess ; Antifungal Agents ; Aspergillosis* ; Central Nervous System* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases