3 consecutively produced lots of BCG vaccine were verified. Results showed that the filling and freeze-drying process and the quality of vaccine were met the technique requirements
Immunologic Tests ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gnathostoma

No abstract available.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Serologic Tests ; Sparganosis

Studying on 1405 sera were collected from 1159 patients ( male 58.55%; female 41.44%) with encephalitis syndromes which were treated in Bach Mai hospital. Using MAC-ELISA to estimate antibody for Japanese Encephalitis in these patients. The results were as following: The general positive rate was 16.64% The positive rates by MAC-ELISA were 16.54% (46/278), 10.31% (22/223),...and 13.36% (25/187) in 1997, 1998,...and 2001, respectively. The positive rates for males were 58.55%; female 41.44%. The positive rates divided by the age: 1-15 years, 36.84%; 16-60 years 63.16%.
Encephalitis, Japanese ; Serologic Tests ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ;

The virus neutralization (VN) test was used to determine potency of the infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccine. The results of VN, hemagglutination inhibition (HI), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were compared with those of the IBV M41. The r² values between VN and HI titers and the ELISA antibody titer were 0.8782 and 0.0336, respectively, indicating a high correlation between VN and HI, but not VN and ELISA. The Cohen's kappa coefficient between the VN titer of 2 log₁₀ and HI titer of 5 log₂ was 0.909. Our results showed that VN could be replaced with HI for testing the potency of IBV M41.
Bronchitis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests* ; Hemagglutination* ; Infectious bronchitis virus* ; Neutralization Tests* ; Vaccine Potency*

To establish a definite diagnosis for pulmonary hydatid disease, combination of radiology and serology is useful. In this study, 19 preoperative sera from patients with surgically confirmed pulmonary hydatidosis, 40 sera from patients with other parasitosis and pulmonary diseases, and 20 sera from healthy donors were evaluated using 4 different serological tests, i.e., the commercial ELISA (ELISA-kit) test, the ELISA (ELISA-lab) test prepared in our laboratory, the commercial indirect hemagglutination assay kit (IHA-kit) test, and the IHA test using sensitized sheep red blood cells with tannic acid (IHA-TA). The ELISA-kit was the most sensitive (84.2%) and the most specific test (100.0%). The ELISA-kit also demonstrated the highest positive (100.0%) and negative (95.2%) predictive values. The sensitivity of the ELISA-lab test, that we prepared, was found to be 73.6%, whereas the IHA-kit test and the IHA-TA test were found to be 73.6% and 68.4%, respectively. The specificity of these tests was 96.6%, 98.3%, and 83.3%, respectively. When all 4 tests were assessed together, it was found that the sensitivity had risen to 94.7%. When the ELISA-kit was assessed with the IHA-kit and IHA-TA together, it was found that the sensitivity was 89.5% and 84.2%, respectively. Likewise, the combination of the ELISA-lab and IHA-kit or IHA-TA allowed us to achieve a sensitivity of 84.2% in cases of pulmonary echinococcosis. In conclusion, the diagnosis would be imminent if least 2 tests were applied together.
Echinococcosis, Pulmonary/*diagnosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/*methods ; Hemagglutination Tests/*methods ; Humans ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serologic Tests/methods

OBJECTIVES: Earthquakes are one the most common natural disasters that lead to increased mortality and morbidity from transmissible diseases, partially because the rodents displaced by an earthquake can lead to an increased rate of disease transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of plague and tularemia in rodents in the earthquake zones in southeastern Iran. METHODS: In April 2013, a research team was dispatched to explore the possible presence of diseases in rodents displaced by a recent earthquake magnitude 7.7 around the cities of Khash and Saravan in Sistan and Baluchestan Province. Rodents were trapped near and in the earthquake zone, in a location where an outbreak of tularemia was reported in 2007. Rodent serums were tested for a serological survey using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: In the 13 areas that were studied, nine rodents were caught over a total of 200 trap-days. Forty-eight fleas and 10 ticks were obtained from the rodents. The ticks were from the Hyalomma genus and the fleas were from the Xenopsylla genus. All the trapped rodents were Tatera indica. Serological results were negative for plague, but the serum agglutination test was positive for tularemia in one of the rodents. Tatera indica has never been previously documented to be involved in the transmission of tularemia. CONCLUSIONS: No evidence of the plague cycle was found in the rodents of the area, but evidence was found of tularemia infection in rodents, as demonstrated by a positive serological test for tularemia in one rodent.
Agglutination Tests ; Disasters ; Earthquakes* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Iran* ; Mortality ; Plague* ; Prevalence ; Rodentia* ; Serologic Tests ; Siphonaptera ; Ticks ; Tularemia* ; Xenopsylla

PURPOSE: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a disease that is primarily seen in adults and is comparatively rare in children. Consequently, only a few studies have focused on the pathogenesis of the disease in children. This study investigated the possible role of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the pathogenesis of CSU in children. METHODS: The study group was composed of 54 children with CSU; 34 healthy children comprised the control group. The demographic and clinical features of the study group were extensively evaluated, and laboratory assessments were also performed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate levels of plasma MMP-9. Disease activity was quantified using the urticaria activity score (UAS). RESULTS: The median value of plasma MMP-9 was 108.9 ng/mL (interquartile range, 93.3-124.1) in the CSU group and 87.8 ng/mL (69.4-103.0) in the control group. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). Also, MMP-9 levels showed a significant positive correlation with UAS (rho=0.57, P<0.001). Twenty-six percent of patients had positive autologous serum skin test (ASST) results. Neither UAS nor plasma MMP-9 levels were significantly different between ASST-positive and -negative patients (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Plasma MMP-9 levels were elevated in children with CSU and were positively correlated with disease activity. MMP-9 may be both a good biomarker of disease activity and a potential therapeutic target in CSU.
Adult ; Child* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9* ; Plasma* ; Skin Tests ; Urticaria*

Hydatid disease is Echinococcus granulosus infection in its larva form. It is endemic in many sheep- and cattle-raising countries throughout the world. In Korea seventeen cases have been reported but relapsed case is not. We report relapsed hydatid disease in pelvic cavity 10 years after primary surgery for Echinococcal cysts in the liver and pelvic cavity. The cysts were surgically removed and the patient was managed with postoperative adjuvant treatment with albendazole and followed with serologic test for anti-echinoccocus antibodies by ELISA.
Albendazole ; Antibodies ; Echinococcosis* ; Echinococcus ; Echinococcus granulosus ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Korea ; Larva ; Liver ; Serologic Tests

An extensive variety of methods has been used to detect antisperm antibodies in infertile individuals, and this reflects a concern about the immunological validity, interpretation and standardization of the tests. Comparisons of different methods using the same test materials have shown little correlation between results. The purpose of this Study is to compare the results of three methods. ELISA, gelatin agglutination test and sperm immobilization test-using the same test materials based on recommendations from WHO workshop. The results are as follows: 1. Ten normal controls showed negative reactions in all the 3 tests. Out of 34 patients, the positive sera were noted in 23 (67.6%) on ELISA test, 20 (58.8%) on gelatin agglutination test and 18 (52.9%) on sperm immobilization test. 2. Fifteen (44.1 %) out of 34 patients showed positive reactions in all the 3 tests, and 26 (76.5%) out of 34 patients showed positive reaction in one or more tests. 3. The titers of the antisperm antibodies were higher in the following orders; ELISA, gelatin agglutination test and sperm immobilization test. Therefore, it seems to be possible to increase the detectability of the antisperm antibodies, if more than one tests are impolyed.
Agglutination Tests* ; Agglutination* ; Antibodies ; Education ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Gelatin* ; Humans ; Immobilization* ; Infertility ; Male* ; Spermatozoa*

BACKGROUND: As stated in ‘The Action Strategy for Tuberculosis-Free Korea,’ last March, high-throughput, large-scale analytical instruments for interferon gamma release assays (IGRA) are demanded by many clinical laboratories using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assay (Cellestis/Qiagen, Australia). Agility (Dynex Technologies, USA) is an automated high-throughput enzyme linked immunosorbent assay analyser. The present study aimed to evaluate its accuracy and speed. METHODS: Pooled plasma was prepared using samples obtained after IGRA testing. Analyses of precision, linearity, cut-off evaluation, and comparison with conventional methods were performed for multiple Agility instruments according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute EP5-A3, EP6-A, EP9-A3 and EP12-A2 guidelines. The turnaround time and throughput were also analysed. RESULTS: The coefficient of variation range was 2.48%–4.0%, 7.01%–11.17%, and 9.69%–14.84% for the repeatability, between-run precision, and between-day precision analyses, respectively. The linearity ranged from 0 to 10.541. Comparison analysis presented a high concordance of Agility with the conventional instrument, DS2 (Dynex Technologies), and manual method for IGRA. The cut-off value of 0.35 IU/mL was well compatible with the C50. It was identified that the C50±20% contained the C5–C95 interval. The average turnaround time was 3.84 hours, from the submission of pre-treated samples to the reporting of results. The throughput was determined to be 290 tests during a routine working time of 8 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Agility showed high precision, linearity, concordance, and had a 2.5 times faster throughput than with the conventional and manual method. It could be useful for large-scale IGRA testing in latent tuberculosis infection screening project. Samples within C50±20% are suspected to show relatively low reporducible results of high inversion between postivie and negative.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Interferon-gamma Release Tests ; Interferons ; Latent Tuberculosis ; Mass Screening ; Methods ; Plasma