Enterovirus ; Enterovirus Infections ; Humans ; Pneumonia

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Enterovirus Infections* ; Enterovirus* ; Humans

Child ; Enterovirus A, Human ; Enterovirus Infections ; Humans

Background: at present, some enterovirus also was considered causes of acute respiratory infections in children. In Vietnam, no studies were published on the enteroviruses causing acute respiratory infections in humans. The research results would contribute to control and prevention of respiratory tract infections. Objectives: to identify enteroviruses causing acute respiratory infection syndrome in children. Subjectives and Method: a descriptive, prospective study, virus isolation. 185 samples of patients with acute respiratory tract infections, collected from both private clinics and from Dak Lak provincial general hospital, in 2004. Cells: RD, Hep2, L20B, and Vero provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). Antisera for diagnosing enteroviruses, antisera for diagnosing adenoviruses: A1-A7. Results: the results showed that 10.8% were positive with enteroviruses. These isolated enteroviruses consist of 13 Coxsackievirus B, 1 Echovirus, 1 Poliosabin type 1, and 5 untyped Enteroviruses. The result also showed that 8.1% of isolated viruses were Adenoviruses. Enteroviruses isolated mainly in September, followed by in February and in July accounted for 60% of isolated viruses. Conclusions: enteroviruses may be one of causes of respiratory infections in children. Some viruses had been isolated in the study such as: Coxsackievirus B, Echovirus, Poliosabin type 1, and untyped Enteroviruses.
Enterovirus/isolation & ; purification ; Enterovirus Infections/virology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/ virology ;

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) among people ≥6 years old in Beijing from 2011 to 2020. Methods: The incidence data of HFMD cases from 2011 to 2020 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of China Information for Disease Control and Prevention and the etiological surveillance of HFMD in 29 sentinel hospitals from 16 districts of Beijing. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distributions, pathogen constituents, and changes of HFMD cases in Beijing people ≥6 years old. Results: From 2011 to 2020, a total of 38 183 cases of HFMD were reported among people ≥6 years old in Beijing, of which 46 (0.12%) cases were severe. The average annual reported incidence was 19.04/100 000. The ratio of males to females were 1.37∶1(22 064∶16 119). The proportion of HFMD in people ≥6 years old increased from 7.56%(2 606/34 488) in 2011 to 24.54% (546/2 225) in 2020. The average incidence of HFMD was higher in Shunyi district, Yanqing district, and Tongzhou district than in other districts in Beijing. The positive rate of enterovirus in sentinel surveillance was 66.78% (1 976/2 959), the proportion of enterovirus group A 71 (EV-A71) was 45.29% (101/223) in 2014, no EV-A71 positive was detected in 2020, and the proportion of Coxsackievirus A 6 (CV-A6) increased from 15.11% (34/225) in 2016 to 81.08% (60/74) in 2020. Conclusions: From 2011 to 2020, the proportion of cases with HFMD in people ≥6 years old in Beijing increased yearly, and the proportion of EV-A71 positive patients decreased basically. Since 2016, CV-A6 has gradually become the dominant pathogen. More attention should be paid to the epidemic situation and dynamic pathogen changes of hand foot mouth disease in people ≥6 years old.
Child ; China/epidemiology* ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus A, Human ; Enterovirus Infections/epidemiology* ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Enterovirus A, Human ; Enterovirus Infections ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Meningitis, Viral ; drug therapy

Animals ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Reverse Genetics ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mitochondrial injury in enterovirus 71 (EV71)-infected Vero cells and explore the possible mechanism.

METHODSA clinical isolate of EV71 was inoculated to Vero cells and the EV71 antigen was detected by immunofluorescence assay. The morphological changes of Vero cells were observed using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The diameter and area density of the viral particles and the ratio and area density of vacuolated mitochondria in the cells were measured on the ultrastructural images.

RESULTSEV71-infected Vero cells underwent obvious changes and to a spherical morphology followed by cell death EV71 particles were detected in the cytoplasm by immunofluorescence. Ultrastructurally, the infected cells contained a large number of viral particles in the cytoplasm, with a clustered distribution and lattice-like arrangement. The diameter of the particles were 16.3 nm and the mean area density was 38.3%. Most of the mitochondria presented with swelling, vacuoles and degeneration. The ratio of the vacuolated mitochondria was 90.9% with a mean area density of 89.2%. Viral particles were also found in some mitochondria.

CONCLUSIONEV71 proliferates in the cytoplasm and invades the mitochondria of infected Vero cells leading to mitochondrial injury and cell death, suggesting that mitochondria are the targets for EV71 infection.

Animals ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cytoplasm ; virology ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus Infections ; pathology ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; pathology ; virology ; Vero Cells ; virology

Enterovirus A, Human ; pathogenicity ; Enterovirus Infections ; complications ; Humans ; Pulmonary Edema ; etiology ; virology

Complex genetic variation has been known to occur during the transmission of human enterovirus (HEV), and the HEV virulence and pathogenicity enhanced by genetic recombination also pose a serious threat to human health. In recent years, the interest in recombination mechanism of genetic plasticity has been renewed with the emergence of pathogenic recombinant circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses, which were implicated in poliomyelitis outbreaks in several regions of the world with insufficient vaccination coverage. This paper reviews recent research progress in HEV genome, including evolutionary characteristics, recombination types, and in vitro recombinant construction.
Animals ; Biomedical Research ; trends ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Recombination, Genetic ; Viral Proteins ; genetics