1.Enterochromaffin Cell: Friend or Foe for Human Health?
Yang YU ; Yong-Chang LI ; Fu-Chao ZHANG ; Guang-Yin XU
Neuroscience Bulletin 2023;39(11):1732-1734
2.A Case of Multiple Carcinoid Tumors of the Rectum.
Jae Myung CHA ; Joung Il LEE ; Jae Won CHOE ; Kwang Ro JOO ; Sung Won JUNG ; Hyun Phil SHIN ; Jong Wook HONG
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2008;37(2):132-136
Carcinoid tumors are rare and arise from enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract. The rectum is the most common site for gastrointestinal carcinoids. The tumor usually present as small solitary submucosal nodules and multicentricity is rare, occurring in only a few percent of cases. The treatment for a rectal carcinoid tumor is based on the size of the lesion and depth of invasion. Although the present treatment guidelines for multiple rectal carcinoids are controversial, each small lesion of less than 1 cm without evidence of a metastasis can be adequately treated by local resection such as an endoscopic mucosal resection. We experienced a case of multiple rectal carcinoids that were completely resected after a hot biopsy and endoscopic mucosal resection.
Biopsy
;
Carcinoid Tumor
;
Enterochromaffin Cells
;
Gastrointestinal Tract
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Rectum
3.A Case of a Small Rectal Carcinoid Tumor with Multiple Liver Metastasis.
Eun Kyung SHIN ; Seun Ja PARK ; Kyu Jong KIM ; Won MOON ; Moo In PARK ; Dong Han IM ; Jee Suk LEE ; Chan Bok PARK
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2009;38(2):103-106
Carcinoid tumors originate from the enterochromaffin cells. Rectal carcinoid tumors comprise 12.6% of all carcinoid tumors and they represent the third largest group of the gut carcinoids. However, a recent report showed that the number of reported cases has increases rapidly, which is probably due to the increased number of colonoscopic examinations. The aggressiveness of rectal carcinoid tumors is determined by the depth of invasion and the presence of metastasis. The clinical course of rectal carcinoid is benign, but these tumors may have a malignant character when the lesion is larger than 2 cm in diameter. We have experienced a case of rectal carcinoid tumor smaller than 2 cm in diameter and the patient had multiple liver metastasis.
Carcinoid Tumor
;
Enterochromaffin Cells
;
Humans
;
Liver
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Rectum
4.Three Cases of the Gastric Carcinoid Tumor Combined with the Gastric Adenoma.
Ho Yun CHUNG ; Hyun Suk CHAE ; Won Hee HAN ; Jeong Sun KIM ; Dong Bin KIM ; Hyun Sun RHIM ; Young Geun HYUN ; Eun Young CHAE ; Chang Don LEE ; Sung Soo KIM ; Sok Won HAN ; In Sik CHUNG ; Hee Sik SUN
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2000;21(5):864-868
Carcinoid tumor in the stomach is neuroendocrine tumor originated from enterochromaffin cells in submucosa in the stomach. It is very rare, account for 0.3% of gastric tumor. It is likely to be demonstrated with other tumor in the stomach simultaneously, such as adenocarcinoma. According to paper published in Korea, it is only 4 cases that gastric carcinoid combined with other gastric tumors have been reported. But there has been no reports of gastric carcinoid combined with gastric adenoma, such as our cases. We report 3 cases of gastric carcinoid tumor combined with atypical adenoma, with review of paper presented.
Adenocarcinoma
;
Adenoma*
;
Carcinoid Tumor*
;
Enterochromaffin Cells
;
Korea
;
Neuroendocrine Tumors
;
Stomach
5.Report 6 Cases of Rectal Carcinoid Tumor.
Choon Sang BANG ; Myung Gyu CHOI ; Jin Mo YANG ; Nam Jong BAEG ; Kyu Yong CHOI ; In Sik CHUNG ; Kyu Won JUNG ; Hee Sik SUN ; Boo Sung KIM
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 1990;10(2):381-386
Carcinoid tumors arise from enterochromaffin cells that are located predominatly in the gastrointestinal mucosa. The vast majority of rectal carcinoid tumors are benign and can be safely treated by local excision. Lesions larger than 2 cm and invading the museular wall of the rectum should be considered malignancy and treated by more radical surgery such as abominoperined resection. We report 6 cases of rectal carcinoid tumor, three cases of them were less than 1 cm in size without metastasis. Two of these, small carcinoid tumor were treated with endoacopic polypectomy and one was treated with segmental resection. The others were 2.0 cm or larger in size with regional or liver mestasis. They were treated with segmental resection or electrical fugalization for tumor and transcatheter arterial embilization for liver metastasis or none.
Carcinoid Tumor*
;
Enterochromaffin Cells
;
Liver
;
Mucous Membrane
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Rectum
6.A case of multiple gastric carcinoid tumors associated with Sjogren's syndrome.
Keun Jong CHO ; Jin Soo KIM ; Chang Whan KIM ; Jae Kwang KIM ; Sok Won HAN ; In Sik CHUNG ; Jean A KIM
Korean Journal of Medicine 2006;71(5):551-557
Carcinoid tumors are rare endocrine neoplasms arising from the enterochromaffin or enterochromaffin-like cells. Gastric carcinoids associated with autoimmune atrophic gastritis and hypergastrinemia, are usually multiple and the prognosis are better compared to solotary lesions with out hypergastrinemia. Gastric carcinoids are commonly associated with other endocrine disorders or tumors, but any associations with autoimmune disorders other than autoimmune atrophic gastritis have rarely been reported. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune exocrinopathy that primarily affects the salivary glands, but it can also involve almost any other part of the gut. The most common form of gastrointestinal involvement in Sjogren's syndrome is chronic atrophic gastritis, which can lead to hypergastrinemia and the subsequent development of carcinoid. However, gastric carcinoid tumor associated with Sjogren's syndrome has not yet been reported on. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such case in the world. We report on this case along with review of the related literature.
Carcinoid Tumor*
;
Enterochromaffin-like Cells
;
Gastritis, Atrophic
;
Prognosis
;
Salivary Glands
;
Sjogren's Syndrome*
7.Two cases of Carcinoid tumor of the Reprot: Two cases of Carcinoid tumor of the Rectum.
Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 1997;18(9):963-971
Carcinoid tumors are arisen from enterochromaffin cells, which are scattered throughout the body but occur primarily in the submucosa of the intestine and brpnchi. Carcinoid tumors synthesises numerous bioactive amines such as serotonin, and cause the carcinoid syndrome. Rectal carcinoids present as asymptomatic submucosal nodules less than 2cm in size. In contrast to other carcinoid tumors, distant metastasis are rare(less than 15%). Malignant potential is seen almost exclusively in patients with tumors larger than 2cm. Transanal local excision suffices for tumors less than 2cm, with radical surgery reserved only for larger tumors and those with histological evidence of invasion of the muscularis propria. I have experienced two cases of rectal carcinoid tumors less than 2cm, which do not invade the muscular wall of the rectum. These carcinoids were treated with endoscopic polypectomy.
Amines
;
Carcinoid Tumor*
;
Enterochromaffin Cells
;
Humans
;
Intestines
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Rectum*
;
Serotonin
8.A Case of Carcinoid Tumors of the Stomach and Duodenum Treated by Endoscopy.
Yoon Jung KIM ; Kyu Jong KIM ; Lee Chun PARK ; Ji Hun ROH ; Dae Gwan IM ; Nam Young PARK ; Won MOON ; Moo In PARK ; Seun Ja PARK ; Bong Kwon CHEON
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2006;32(3):200-204
A carcinoid tumor is a slow growing, rare neoplasm arising from enterochromaffin cells with a malignant potential. A primary carcinoid tumor of the stomach and duodenum is uncommon. However, their prevalence has been increasing due to the widespread use of endoscopy. Recently, the use of endoscopic resection for the treatment of small carcinoid tumors is gradually increasing. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of synchronous carcinoid tumors in the stomach and duodenum. We report a case of small, multiple carcinoid tumors of the stomach and duodenum in a 58-year-old man that was endoscopically removed with a snare.
Carcinoid Tumor*
;
Duodenum*
;
Endoscopy*
;
Enterochromaffin Cells
;
Humans
;
Middle Aged
;
Prevalence
;
SNARE Proteins
;
Stomach*
9.Serotonin Outside the Central Nervous System.
Hoo Rim SONG ; Young Sup WOO ; Won Myong BAHK
Korean Journal of Psychopharmacology 2012;23(2):45-50
Most serotonin is found outside the central nervous system and functions much more than a neurotransmitter. Peripheral serotonin is produced by enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract and secreted into blood. Serotonin, as a circulating amine, takes part in numerous biological processes including cardiovascular function, bowel motility, glucose metabolism and skeletal change. Serotonin signaling is regulated by serotonin receptors and serotonin transporters in multiple body organs. The drugs that manipulate the serotonergic system have been developed and used for the treatment of many systemic diseases. The richness of serotonergic modulation in the whole body provide both a pharmacologic opportunity and challenge.
Biological Processes
;
Central Nervous System
;
Enterochromaffin Cells
;
Gastrointestinal Tract
;
Glucose
;
Neurotransmitter Agents
;
Receptors, Serotonin
;
Serotonin
10.A Small Rectal Carcinoid Tumor with Liver Metastasis.
Ji Ho KANG ; Hiun Suk CHAE ; Jae Wan CHO ; Seong Su KIM ; Seok Won HAN ; Chang Don LEE ; Kyu Yong CHOI ; In Sik JUNG ; Hee Sik SUN ; Chang Hyeok AN
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2000;21(4):802-806
Carcinoid tumors are originated from the enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa. The incidence of rectal carcinoid tumors is more than 10 percent of gastrointestinal tract carcinoid. The tumor has naturally the benign character that does not develop symptoms and it is found incidentally. The tumor may infrequently have a malignant behavior such as invasion to muscle wall, obstruction of bowel lumen and metastasis to distant organ (especially, liver) almost when its size is larger than 2 cm. We have experienced a case of rectal carcinoid tumor smaller than 1 cm in its size with huge metastatic mass of liver.
Carcinoid Tumor*
;
Enterochromaffin Cells
;
Gastrointestinal Tract
;
Incidence
;
Liver*
;
Mucous Membrane
;
Neoplasm Metastasis*
;
Rectum