Objective To observe the modulation of met enkephalin (ME) and naloxone (NLX) on the excitatory effects of kainic acid (KA) and glutamic acid (GLU) in hippocampus of rats and to explore the possible mechanism of the effects of ME in the KA epilepsy model. Methods A total of 45 healthy Wistar rats were anesthetized with 1% sodium pentobarbital (3 ml/kg intraperitoneal injection). After endotracheal intubation, the animal was mounted onto a SN 1stereotaxic apparatus (Narishige) and routine craniotomy was performed. Then the animal was immobilized by 0.01% curare (1 mg/kg) after it woke up. The peripheral pipettes of a multiple pipette microelectrode were used for microelectrophoretic application of drugs; the central pipette was used for extracellular recording of the hippocampal unit discharges (HUDs). Results ①ME excited most of the HUDs; opioid receptor antagonist NLX could reverse the excitatory effects of met enkephalin. NLX applied alone had no effects on the firing rate of HUDs. ②KA and GLU excited the HUDs intensively but ME and NLX could modulate their excitatory effects. Conclusion ME may promote the development of epilepsy by modulating the excitatory effects of KA and GLU in hippocampus.

Objective To study the property of the K~(+) channels at the apical membrane of mouse renal proximal tubule cells.Methods Single-channel recording of the K~(+) channel currents in apical membrane of freshly isolated renal proximal tubule cells was performed using the cell-attached mode of the patch-clamp technique.Results This kind of potassium channel appeared to be an inward rectifier,and its limiting inward slope conductance was(11.4?0.6) pS.The channel activity increased with hyperpolarization.Conclusion The potassium channel with spontaneous current was observed in most of the cell-attached patches,which is thought to be involved in volume regulation,potassium recycling and stabilization of the apical potential.

Objective To design the automatic control system for visual discrimination Go/No Go task training applied in the research of cognitive neuroscience, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, psychology and psychiatry. Methods Windows was used as the operation platform. The powerful graphic visualized Visual C++6.0 was used as the software for the development. Electric magnet compatible technology was applied in the hardware for the purpose of the stable system. Results This system could automatically and accurately control the whole process of visual discrimination Go/No Go task training. Conclusion The system with friendly interface is stable, reliable, easy to operate, and accurate to judge and time the animal behaviors by electric magnet compatible transducer.

Objective To investigate the quality of life(QOL)of patients with stroke and its related factors.Methods The QOL of eighty-two stroke survivors was assessed in terms of SF-36 scores,motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer),disability[Barthel index(BI)]and depression(HAMD)more than one year after their first episode.Their social demographic characteristics such as age,gender,education and income were recorded,as were the characteristics of their disease and any complications.Multiple regression analysis was used to analyse the related factors.Results The average age of the 82 subjects was 61.89 + 9.81 years(range,33-81).56 of them were male (68.2％).Scores on all items of the SF-36 for these subjects were lower than those of a normal population.Correlation analysis showed income,cost for medical care,regular exercise,movement function,ability in the activities of daily living,depression,hypertension and shoulder pain were significantly correlated with most of the SF-36 domain scores.Motor function,income and cost for medical care explained 34％ of the variance in SF-36 scores.Motor function was the single most important factor.Conclusion The major factors affecting the QOL of stroke patients are motor function,level of income and cost for medical care.Paying more attention to rehabilitation treatment,taking regular exercise and more income could help improve the QOL of stroke survivors.

BACKGROUND: After neural precursor cells (NPCs) induced from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have been grafted into the brain, it would still keep some potency of proliferation and differentiation, strong plasticity and integration into the host neural tissues, which would help to observe the therapeutic effect of PD.OBJECTIVE: To observe the differentiation of mouse ESCs into NPCs and the therapeutic effect of NPCs after being transplanted on the behavior of Parkinson disease (PD) rats.DESIGN: Randomly and controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Staff Room of physiology and Staff Room of Neurobiology, Depayment of Basic Medical Sciences, the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Totally 50 healthy adult Wistar rats were chosen and randomly divided into experimental group (n=45) and control group (n=5).METHODS: ① 5 μ L (2 g/L)6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected into substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area two points in the experimental group to prepare PD rats, and normal saline with the dosage of 5 μL per point was injected into the rats in the control group.Behavioral test began at 1 week after operation to measure successful rate of model establishing, once a week for 7 consecutive weeks. ② Totally 20 successful PD rat models were chosen to perform corpus striatum NPCs with the dosage of 2 μL [the count of cell suspension was (5-8)×106/μL].The other 5 rats were given 2 μL normal saline at corpus striatum as normal saline control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Successful rate of PD model. ②Effect of NPCs transplantation on the rotation times of PD models. ③ Distribution of transplanted NPCs in vivo, and survival and differentiation.RESULTS: ①6 weeks later, totally 33 of 45 rats in the experimental group achieve the standard of PD model . ② About 85% of mouse ESCs were differentiated into Nestin-positive NPCs 5 days after the embryoid bodies formed in the bacterial dishes and cultured in the N2 serum-free medium. ③The rotation times of the PD rats was significantly decreased after the intracerebral transplantation of NPCs as compared with normal control group. Most of the NPCs grafted into striatum of PD rats were survived, and some were differentiated into TH-positive neurons.CONCLUSION: The mouse ESCs-derived NPCs could be transplanted into striatum of PD rats, and then differentiated into TH-positive neurons,which leads to the obvious decrease of rotation times.