To evaluate the effects of Enoxaparine with doses of 20-40 mg a day given by subcutaneous injection for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in 102 patients with acute internal diseases. Patients were undergone blood test, platelet count before and 3, 6, 9 and 14 days after treatment. Results: Enoxaparine with doses of 20-40 mg a day is effective in high-risk patients. Enoxaparine is safe, no serious side-effect, and could be a cost-effective drug for VTE prevention
Enoxaparin ; Blood Platelets ; Disease

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAT) with clopidogrel and aspirin has been shown to confer greater protection against early neurological deterioration (END) and early recurrent ischemic stroke (ERIS) than aspirin alone in patients who have experienced an acute ischemic stroke. However, few studies have compared the effects of anticoagulation therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), DAT, and aspirin. METHODS: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (n=1,467) were randomized to therapy groups receiving aspirin (200 mg daily for 14 days, followed by 100 mg daily for 6 months), DAT (200 mg of aspirin and 75 mg of clopidogrel daily for 14 days, then 100 mg of aspirin daily for 6 months), or LMWH (4,000 antifactor Xa IU of enoxaparin in 0.4 mL subcutaneously twice daily for 14 days, followed by 100 mg of aspirin daily for 6 months). The effects of these treatment strategies on the incidence of END, ERIS, and deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) were observed for 10-14 days after treatment, and their impacts on a good outcome were evaluated at 6 months. RESULTS: The DAT and LMWH were associated with a more significant reduction of END and ERIS within 14 days compared with aspirin-alone therapy. In addition, LMWH was associated with a significantly lower incidence of DVT within 14 days. At 6 months, DAT or LMWH improved the outcome among patients aged >70 years and those with symptomatic stenosis in the posterior circulation or basilar artery compared with aspirin. CONCLUSIONS: LMWH or DAT may be more effective than aspirin alone for reducing the incidence of END and ERIS within 14 days, and is associated with improved outcomes in elderly patients and those with stenosis in the posterior circulation or basilar artery at 6 months poststroke.
Aged ; Aspirin* ; Basilar Artery ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Enoxaparin ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Stroke* ; Venous Thrombosis

Patients who receive anticoagulation therapy are at risk of central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhage. CNS hemorrhage must be sought in any patient who develops neurologic complaints during anticoagulation. Nontraumatic spinal epidural hematoma is a rare entity, but it can occur during anticoagulation. Early imaging and management are essential to improve outcome of this potentially serious complication. We describe a 53-year-old male patient who developed nontraumatic spinal epidural hematoma associated with enoxaparin, a low-molecular weight heparin for unstable angina.
Angina, Unstable* ; Anticoagulants ; Central Nervous System ; Enoxaparin ; Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal* ; Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Angiolipomas are subcutaneous tumors composed of a mixture of adipocytes and blood vessels. The tumor resembles lipomas clinically, but develops in young adults, and favored sites for this tumor are the arms and the trunk. They are usually multiple, often painful or tender and tend to be small. There have been 4 reported cases of angiolipoma in Korea. But they are mostly few, small and tend to be limited in trunk or upper extremities. Then we report a case that the total number of the masses is over 100 and multiple isolated masses up to 12cm in size were found on the whole body. The treatment with triamcinolone intralesional injection in the only one mass showed partial response but the other trial with enoxaparin didn't.
Adipocytes ; Angiolipoma* ; Arm ; Blood Vessels ; Enoxaparin ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Korea ; Lipoma ; Triamcinolone ; Upper Extremity ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVES: Free flaps are widely used to reconstruct head and neck defects. Despite the improvement in the surgical techniques and the surgeons’ experiences, flap failures still occur due to thrombotic occlusion after small vessels anastomosis. To reduce the possibility of flap loss as a result of thrombotic occlusion, various anticoagulants have been used. In this study we decided to evaluate a new protocol for anticoagulation therapy and its effect on flap survival and complications. METHODS: In this interventional study, 30 patients with head and neck cancer underwent surgical defects were reconstructed by microvascular free flap between 2013 and 2014. In the postoperative period patients have taken aspirin (100 mg/day) for 5 days and enoxaparin (40 mg/day subcutaneously) for 3 days. The flap survival was followed for three weeks. RESULTS: Given that there was no complete necrosis or loss of flap, the free flap success rate was as much as 100%. The need for re-exploration occurred in 3 patients (10%). Only in one patient the need for re-exploration was due to problem in venous blood flow. CONCLUSION: The aspirin-enoxaparin short-term protocol may be a good choice after free flap transfer in reconstruction of head and neck surgical defects.
Anticoagulants ; Aspirin ; Enoxaparin ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Head* ; Humans ; Methods* ; Neck* ; Necrosis ; Postoperative Period

The fine structure of enoxaparin sodium samples with different degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives were analyzed with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A further study of anticoagulation activity of enoxaparins was performed, including those on their inhibition activities of coagulation factor Xa (FXa) and thrombin (FIIa). The results showed that the anti-FXa and -FIIa activities of enoxaparins with different degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives (20.0%-39.7%) with similar structure characteristics, had decreasing tendency when the degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives increased. Especially, the anti-FXa activity was sensitive to the change of the degree of 1,6-anhydro derivatives.
Anticoagulants ; chemistry ; Enoxaparin ; chemistry ; Factor Xa Inhibitors ; chemistry ; Thrombin ; antagonists & inhibitors

Adding to the complexity of caring for critically ill patients is the fact that many of them have a creatinine clearance that exceeds 130 mL/min/1.73 m². This phenomenon, termed augmented renal clearance (ARC), has only recently been widely recognized and its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. However, ARC has been shown to result in increased dose requirements for drugs that are primarily eliminated by renal excretion, including many antimicrobial agents and enoxaparin. Recognition of ARC is hampered by the fact that the standard creatinine-based equations used to estimate renal function are not accurate in this clinical setting and the diagnosis is best established using both serum and urine creatinine measurements to calculate clearance. So a high index of clinical suspicion and awareness is usually required before this step is taken to confirm the diagnosis of ARC.
Anti-Infective Agents ; Creatinine ; Critical Illness ; Diagnosis ; Enoxaparin ; Humans ; Renal Elimination

BACKGROUND: Various pharmacological treatments have been suggested to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, their practicability remains a controversial issue. METHODS: We systemically reviewed articles published during last 20 years to assess the efficacy and safety of the pharmacological treatments. RESULTS: To date, enoxaparin, statins, bisphosphonates, iloprost and acetylsalicylic acid have been practiced for the treatment of osteonecrosis. However, none of them were proven to be effective by high level studies, and most of them have adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS: No pharmacological prevention or treatment of osteonecrosis is recommendable at this moment.
Aspirin ; Bone Remodeling ; Diphosphonates ; Drug Therapy ; Enoxaparin ; Head ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Iloprost ; Osteonecrosis

Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has been considered superior to unfractionated heparin in several facets such as more effective anticoagulant, more predictable bioavailability, and less bleeding complications. We report two cases of LMWH, enoxaparin-induced spontaneous intramuscular hematoma with compartment syndrome of the lower extremity in patients with cardiac problems. The patients were treated with enoxaparin (LMWH) as bridging anticoagulation before use of warfarin due to cardiac problems. At the average 3 days of enoxaparin treatment, large and painful swelling was noticed in the lower extremities without intramuscular injection or trauma. The patients were diagnosed as having compartment syndrome with large intramuscular hematoma by CT. The patients underwent immediate fasciotomy and hematoma evacuation, and recovered without any complications.
Biological Availability ; Compartment Syndromes* ; Enoxaparin ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight* ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Lower Extremity ; Warfarin

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the clinical utility of TpP in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and changes in the level of TpP and fibrin(ogen) degradation products after low-molecular weight heparin(LMWH) therapy. METHODS: TpP concentration was measured in 12 patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI), 21 patients with unstable angina(UA), and 9 patients with non-cardiac chest pain and 18 healthy controls. Among them, in 11 patients treated with LMWH(6 patients with deltaparin & 5 patients with enoxaparin), the levels of TpP(American Biogenetic Sciences) and Fibrinostika(R) total degradation product(TDP), fibrinogen degradation product(FgDP) and fibrin degradation product(FbDP, Organon Teknica) was measured from plasma before treatment and at 3, 12, 15 and 24 hours after treatment. RESULTS: TpP was significantly increased in AMI(19.3+/-11.0(microgram/mL) and UA patients(16.8+/-12.4(microgram/mL) compared with the patients with non-cardiac chest pain(7.1+/-5.6(microgram/mL) and healthy controls(2.6+/-1.6(microgram/mL)(P=0.040). The TpP levels was increased in 91.7%(11/12) of AMI patients, 71.4%(15/21) of UA patients and 33.3%(3/9) of the patients with non-cardiac chest pain. TpP was decreased more significantly in enoxaparin treated group than in deltaparin group(P=0.011). No significantly different changes of plasma TDP/FgDP/FbDP levels between enoxaparin and deltaparin treatment. CONCLUSION: TpP, the precursor of thrombus, appears to be a useful index of intravascular thrombotic process. In the treatment with LMWH, enoxaparin reduced TpP more markedly than deltaparin, which may be suggestive of different anti-thrombotic effect of LMWHs on thrombotic process.
Acute Coronary Syndrome* ; Chest Pain ; Diagnosis* ; Enoxaparin ; Fibrin ; Fibrinogen ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight* ; Humans ; Plasma ; Thorax ; Thrombosis