Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Platelet-endothelium interaction plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherogenesis. We investigated the role of activated platelets for secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 on endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were incubated with non-stimulated or ADP-activated platelets for 6 hr. Secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha and surface expression of ICAM-1 were measured by ELISA and flow cytometry. In the presence of activated platelets, the secretion of IL-1beta, MCP-1, and MIP-1alpha and surface expression of ICAM-1 were significantly increased compared with non-activated platelets. The present study shows that activated platelets may contribute to expression of various inflammatory mediators on endothelial cells.
Blood Platelets/metabolism* ; Cells, Cultured ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular/secretion* ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology ; Human ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/biosynthesis ; Interleukin-1/secretion* ; Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1/secretion* ; Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1/secretion* ; Platelet Activation/physiology*

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Platelet-endothelium interaction plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherogenesis. We investigated the role of activated platelets for secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 on endothelial cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were incubated with non-stimulated or ADP-activated platelets for 6 hr. Secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha and surface expression of ICAM-1 were measured by ELISA and flow cytometry. In the presence of activated platelets, the secretion of IL-1beta, MCP-1, and MIP-1alpha and surface expression of ICAM-1 were significantly increased compared with non-activated platelets. The present study shows that activated platelets may contribute to expression of various inflammatory mediators on endothelial cells.
Blood Platelets/metabolism* ; Cells, Cultured ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular/secretion* ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology ; Human ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/biosynthesis ; Interleukin-1/secretion* ; Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1/secretion* ; Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1/secretion* ; Platelet Activation/physiology*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of different patterns of intermittent hypoxia on the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) of vascular endothelial cell.

METHODSThe human umbilical vein endothelial cells of the line ECV304 were used to set up the cells model. The experiment cell strains contained one control group and eight experimental groups, 1 constance normoxia group (control group), 3 different intermittent hypoxia (IH) degree groups (10% O₂ group, 1.5% O₂ group, 0.5% O₂ group with 12 times/h), 4 different IH frequency groups (40 times/h, 20 times/h, 12 times/h, 9 times/h and 6 times/h with 0.5%O2). The specimen were put into a program-controlled gas delivery system with different level and frequency of IH respectively. Then enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine the levels of IL-6 and IL-8.

RESULTSHigher level of IL-6 and IL-8 were found in 3 different IH degree groups than in control group (F were 1961.100 and 103.855 respectively, P all < 0.001). The level of IL-6 and IL-8 was gradually increased with the decreasing of IH degree. The difference of IL-6 and IL-8 levels between each two different groups in IH degree was significant (P all < 0.05). The level of IL-6 and IL-8 groups was significantly different in severe IH exposure (F were 544.396 and 149.328 respectively, P all < 0.001 in both groups). There was a trend as the IH frequency decreased, the level of IL-6 and IL-8 was tenderly increased in 20/hour group (P < 0.05), highest in 12/hour group (P < 0.05), decreased in 9/hour group (P < 0.05), and decreased further in 6/hour group (P < 0.05) in severe IH expose. There was statistical significance between each two different frequency IH groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIntermittent hypoxia caused significant inflammatory reaction in vascular endothelial cells. The secreted level of IL-6 and IL-8 depended on the degree of hypoxia. There was a trend as the level of IH frequency decreased, the level of IL-6 and IL-8 gradually increased at first, and then decreased in the same way.

Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; secretion ; Interleukin-8 ; secretion ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the antifebrile effect of Naoreqing (NRQ) oral liquid on secretive function of vaso-endothelial cells in rabbits with endotoxic fever.

METHODSEndotoxic fever rabbit model was duplicated to observe the effects of NRQ on body temperature, blood levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha (6-keto-PGF1alpha) and endothelin (ET) using radioimmunoassay, as well as activity of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) in plasma by chromophoric substrate assay.

RESULTSComparisons of various indexes between the two groups showed significantly difference, i.e. the maximal increment of body temperature: 0.69 +/- 0.07 degrees C vs 1.31 +/- 0.13 degrees C (the NRQ treated group vs the untreated model group, the same hereafter); 2h thermal response index TRI2 4.85 +/- 0.57 vs 8.44 +/- 0.98; plasma ET content 197.96 +/- 39.11 ng/L vs 250.80 +/- 40.99 ng/L; TXB2 content 177.35 +/- 77.30 ng/L vs 279.64 +/- 83.74 ng/L; activity of PAI 0.84 +/- 0.01AU/ml vs 0.86 +/- 0.01 AU/ml; plasma 6-keto-PGF1alpha content 986.70 +/- 327.36 ng/L vs 507.81 +/- 170.01 ng/L; activity of t-PA 0.25 +/- 0.02 IU/ml vs 0.21 +/- 0.02 IU/ml (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNRQ may improve secretive function of vaso-endothelial cells to dilate blood vessel and quicken heat dissipation through body surface, so as to play an integral antipyretic effect in rabbits with endotoxic fever.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; secretion ; Endotoxemia ; complications ; Fever ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation

Osteogenesis deep in the materials is postponed because the blood vessels grow into the materials very slowly. It is one of the key challenges to the bone tissue engineering researchers. However, it was found that marrow stromal cells can produce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) while endothelial cells produce bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). So we presume if we have co-culture of marrow stromal cells and endothelial cells on the biomaterials, osteogenesis and angiogenesis may be promoted simultaneously. In this experiment, we compare the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin (OCN) production of three groups: the marrow stromal cells under activation of endothelial cells culture fluid, the induced marrow stromal cells, and the untreated marrow stromal cells. The results reveal that the ALP activity and OCN production of the marrow stromal cells under activation of endothelial cell culture fluid and the ALP activity and OCN production of the induced marrow stromal cells do not show statistically significant difference, but they are significantly higher than those of the untreated marrow stromal cells (P < 0.01). It is concluded that the VEGF in the endothelial cell culture fluid can promote osteogenesis as effective as osteogenic induction medium can do.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; secretion ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; physiology ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; physiology ; Humans ; Osteocalcin ; secretion ; Osteogenesis ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stromal Cells ; physiology ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Yinian Jiangya Decoction (YNJYD) on cytokine secretion in spontaneoulsy hypertensive rats (SHRs) vascular endothelium.

METHODSAortic endothelial cells (ECs) were primarily cultured from SHRs; male SD rats were treated with different doses (high, medium, and low doses) of YNJYD, the blood was collected on the 21st day, and then, the serum was separated. ECs were cocultured with the serum for different time courses, and the culture supernatant concentrations of endothelin (ET)-1, nitric oxide (NO), tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) were determined by ABC-ELISA methods.

RESULTSET-1, NO, t-PA, and PAI-1 levels in endothelial cell culture supernatant were increased in a time-dependent manner; YNJYD could significantly elevate NO and t-PA expressions in ECs, while ET-1 and PAI-1 expressions were dramatically decreased; these effects of YNJYD were in a concentration-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic effect of YNJYD on hypertension is attributed to its effect on regulating vessel dilation and blood coagulation, in which ET-1/NO and PAI-1/t-PA are two pairs of pivotal mediators.

Animals ; Cytokines ; secretion ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; secretion ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Subcellular Fractions ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Time Factors ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pro-angiogenic effects of several multiple myeloma (MM) cell line culture supernatants on human bone marrow endothelial cell (HBMEC) proliferation, migration, and capillary formation, and the anti-angiogenic effects of thalidomide.

METHODSHBMEC was cultured in the presence of MM cell lines (IM9, XG1, U266 and MOLP-5) supernatants. Proliferation and migration of HBMEC were determined, capillary-like tubule formation of HBMEC was examined in fibrin and Matrigel. The inhibiting effect of thalidomide was investigated by adding it into myeloma cell line culture supernatants. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured by ELISA.

RESULTS(1) MM cell lines culture supernatants promoted HBMEC proliferation and migration. (2) In fibrin and Matrigel, capillary-like tubule network formation promoted by the supernatants. (3) All of these effects could be inhibited by thalidomide. (4) This effect was not related to VEGF in the supernatants.

CONCLUSIONSMM cell line promote proliferation, migration and tubule formation by secreting VEGF or other several cytokines. Thalidomide can inhibit these effects.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Bone Marrow ; blood supply ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; drug effects ; physiology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Lymphokines ; metabolism ; Multiple Myeloma ; pathology ; secretion ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Thalidomide ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors