Adenomyosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; CA-125 Antigen ; metabolism ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometriosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged

Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Female ; Humans ; Mesentery ; Middle Aged ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary

Chromosome Aberrations ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometrial Stromal Tumors ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Histone Deacetylases ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Receptors, Oxytocin ; metabolism ; Repressor Proteins ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Uterine Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnostic applications of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN), and the expression of PTEN in endometrial lesions.

METHODSFifty-one cases of endometrial lesions were enrolled in this study. Using diagnostic criteria of EIN, the diagnosis were made and compared with the original results. Immunohistochemistry for PTEN was performed in all cases.

RESULTSTwo cases of simple hyperplasia originally diagnosed were reclassified as EIN. Three cases with atypia originally diagnosed showed no EIN pattern. PTEN deletion rates were 50.0%, 50.0%, 66.7% and 81.8% in proliferative endometrium, benign hyperplasia, EIN and endometrial carcinoma, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSDiagnosis of EIN is applicable and its morphology and diagnostic criteria are different from the classical one (WHO94) for endometrial hyperplasia. Detection of PTEN deletion by immunohistochemistry is useful in identifying EIN, but cannot be used as an ultimate confirming factor.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; metabolism ; Precancerous Conditions ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the expression of MAP2K4 and vimentin in human endometrial carcinoma (EC) and their association with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of the patients.

METHODSMAP2K4 and vimentin expressions were detected immunohistochemically in paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 128 patients with EC, and the correlation of MAP2K4 and vimentin expressions with the clinicopathological factors of the patients was analyzed.

RESULTSMAP2K4 and vimentin proteins were positively expressed in 49 (38.3%) and 83 (64.8%) of the patients, respectively. A positive expression of MAP2K4 was negatively correlated with FIGO stage of the tumor (P=0.010) and lymph node status (P=0.016); a positive expression of vimentin was positively correlated with FIGO stage of the tumor (P=0.025), histological grades (P=0.017), depth of myometrial invasion (P=0.044) and lymph node status (P=0.032). MAP2K4 was inversely associated with vimentin expression in EC(r=-0.598, P<0.001). Patients positive for MAP2K4 tended to have a higher overall survival rate (P=0.002), and those positive for vimentin tended to have a lower overall survival rate (P=0.007); patients positive for MAP2K4 but negative for vimentin had the longest survival time, while those negative for MAP2K4 and positive for vimentin had lowest survival rate (P=0.004).

CONCLUSIONDetection of MAP2K4 and vimentin might help in early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of patients with EC.

Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Vimentin ; metabolism

The expression patterns of CD44s and CD44v6 were immunohistochemically compared with those of normal, hyperplastic and malignant endometrium. In normal endometria (n=37), endometrioses (n=46) and adenomyoses (n=20), the surface and glandular epithelial cells were negative for CD44s and CD44v6 in a proliferative pattern and positive in a secretory pattern, whereas the stroma was only positive for CD44s in both proliferative and secretory patterns. The endometrial hyperplasia (4 simple and 9 complex) had the identical patterns with normal proliferative phase of endometrium. Only one case showing complex hyperplasia with atypia was focally positive for CD44s and CD44v6 in glandular epithelia. CD44s and CD44v6 were positive in all endometrial adenocarcinomas (13), except one CD44s-negative case. In summary, the expressions of CD44s and CD44v6 in endometriosis and adenomyosis recapitulated those of normal cyclic endometrium. The expression patterns in endometrial hyperplasia were similar to those in normal proliferative endometrium, whereas the endometrial adenocarcinoma showed abnormal expressions for CD44s and CD44v6. Thus it was considered that the ectopic endometrium in endometriosis and adenomyosis was not aberrant as in endometrial carcinoma on the aspects of immunohistochemical expressions of CD44s and CD44v6.
Adenocarcinoma/*metabolism/pathology ; Antigens, CD44/*metabolism ; Comparative Study ; Endometrial Hyperplasia/*metabolism/pathology ; Endometrial Neoplasms/*metabolism/pathology ; Endometriosis/*metabolism/pathology ; Endometrium/metabolism/pathology ; Female ; Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Human ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ovarian Diseases/*metabolism/pathology ; Staining and Labeling/methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of annexin I in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and carcinomas of other histological types in order to analyze the correlation between the expression of annexin I and carcinogenesis.

METHODSFirst, a set of tissue microarray was established, which consisted of SCC from the esophagus (208 cases), lung, larynx, cervix, and external genital organs; adenocarcinomas from the lung, stomach, colon and rectum, liver, pancreas, breast, thyroid and kidney with 30 cases in each group, meanwhile, the corresponding normal tissue was also obtained for control. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of annexin I in different types of carcinomas and the corresponding normal controls from different organs. The correlation between the expression of annexin I and the clinicopathological feature was analyzed and compared, which included age, gender, differentiation grade and lymph node metastasis.

RESULTSIt was found that the expression of annexin I was decreased in esophageal SCC, when compared with normal esophageal squamous epithelia (P < 0.001), the similarity was also found in SCC of the lung, larynx and cervix. However, though negative in normal epidermis, annexin I expression was detected in some cases with SCC from external genital organs. Annexin I was found to be overexpressed in adenocarcinomas of the lung, stomach, colon and rectum, liver, pancreas, breast, thyroid and kidney, particularly very strong expression of annexin I was seen in lung adenocarcinoma, uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma and ovarian serous adenocarcinoma. Interestingly, it was found to be positive in all thyroid papillary carcinomas, but negative in all normal thyroid glands. However, annexin I expression was found to be negative in all hepatocellular carcinoma and normal hepatocytes; and it was only detected in myoepithelium of normal breast tissue, but not in ductal luminal cells, and rarely in infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma. In SCC, annexin I expression was stronger in well differentiated ones than that in the poorly differentiated ones. However, contrasting with SCC, in the adenocarcinomas from different organs, annexin I expression was much stronger in poorly differentiated ones than that in the well differentiate ones, especially in the adenocarcinomas from stomach, colon and rectum, pancreas, ovarian and kidney.

CONCLUSIONAnnexin I expression is quite different among different types of carcinomas, and is correlated with histopathological type and differentiation grade. Further study is needed to investigate its role in the carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Annexin A1 ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Epithelium ; metabolism ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Esophagus ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Zinc finger of the cerebellum (ZIC1), one of ZIC family genes, has been shown to play important roles in many cancers such as gastric cancer and breast cancer. However, there is little known about the expression and significance of ZIC1 in endometrial cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the expression pattern and clinicopathological significance of ZIC1 in endometrial cancer. The mRNA and protein expression of ZIC1 in endometrial cancer tissues was detected using the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Immunostaining of ZIC1 in 99 endometrial cancer samples was examined and its associations with clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Hec-1-B cells were transfected with ZIC1-shRNA or sc-shRNA, and cell proliferation was assayed. Hec-1-B cells stably transfected with ZIC1-shRNA or sc-shRNA were subcutaneously inoculated into nude mice, and the tumor weight was measured. A significantly increased expression of ZIC1 mRNA and protein was observed in endometrial cancer tissues compared to that in normal endometrial tissues (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that strong cytoplasmic immunostaining of ZIC1 was observed in almost all endometrial cancer samples (90/99) while light and moderate immunostaining of ZIC1 was only detected in 17 of 30 (56.7%) normal tissues. Moreover, up-regulation of ZIC1 was significantly correlated with age, disease stage, TNM stage and FIGO stage (P<0.05). The down-regulated expression of ZIC1 contributed to the inhibition of cell proliferation, and inhibited the growth of tumor. It was concluded that ZIC1 is over-expressed in endometrial cancer tissue but not in normal tissue, and positively correlated to the malignant biological behavior of endometrial carcinogenesis.
Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the morphologic feature, immunohistochemistry phenotype of ESS and its metastases, with emphasis on the histogenesis, tumor differentiation and diagnostic criteria.

METHODSThe pathologic features of 15 cases and 4 metastases were studied. The immunohistochemical study was performed on selected sections by a panel of antibodies including CD10, smooth muscle actin, estrogen and progesterone receptors, keratin (AE1/3) and alpha-inhibin.

RESULTSPatients were 22 to 75 years of age (mean 45). The endometrial stromal component predomominated in 7 cases. Three cases showed a picture of smooth muscle differentiation. Endometrial stromal sarcoma with fibromyxoid features were present in 2 cases. There were 3 sarcomas of poorly differentiated. The morphology features of the metastatic foci in 3 of the 4 metastasis cases were not similar to that of the primary counterpart in uteri. Among 14 ESS and 4 metastases, 15 of 18, 5 of 18, 7 of 18, and 10 of 18 were positive for CD10, SMA, ER and PR, respectively. AE1/3 and alpha-inhibin were only positive in the adenomatous area of ESS. Strong expression of SMA was obtained in all 10 cellular leiomyomas, and CD10 was only weakly expressed in 1 case (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSESS are morphologically heterogeneous with multipotential differentiation. The histologic features of the metastases may not be similar to those of the primary. CD10 and SMA are diagnostically useful markers for ESS.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Cell Differentiation ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; secondary ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Radiography ; Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal ; metabolism ; secondary ; Uterus ; metabolism ; pathology

Carcinoma in Situ ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism