No abstract available.
Endocrine System Diseases*

No abstract available.
Endocrine System Diseases*

No abstract available.
Endocrine System Diseases*

No abstract available.
Endocrine System Diseases* ; Nuclear Medicine*

Pheoehromocytoma is a kind of very rare endocrine disease and which is completely recovered by surgical resection of the tumor, but rapidly changing cardiovascular response to the cathecholamine during the anesthetic course and after removal of tumor make the anesthetic management difficulty. Various anesthetic agent can be used with their good and bad characteristics successfully if the pathophysiology of the disease and pharmacology of the drugs are kept in mind. We have experienced successful anesthetic management for pheocromocytoma removal using halothane-N2O-O2, and muscle relaxant and cardiovascular change was supported by pentolamine (Regitine), Propranolol(Inderal), and Levophed.
Endocrine System Diseases ; Norepinephrine ; Pharmacology

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is capable of interfering with the normal function of the endocrine system in the body. Exposure to this chemical from BPA-containing materials and the environment is associated with deleterious health effects, including male reproductive abnormalities. A search of the literature demonstrated that BPA, as a toxicant, directly affects the cellular oxidative stress response machinery. Because of its hormone-like properties, it can also bind with specific receptors in target cells. Therefore, the tissue-specific effects of BPA mostly depend on its endocrine-disrupting capabilities and the expression of those particular receptors in target cells. Although studies have shown the possible mechanisms of BPA action in various cell types, a clear consensus has yet to be established. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of BPA action in spermatozoa by compiling existing information in the literature.
Consensus ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Endocrine System ; Humans ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; Spermatozoa

No abstract available.
Angiotensin II* ; Angiotensins* ; Animals ; Endocrine System* ; Rats*

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) include a variety of chemicals with different structures. Disruption of the complicated endocrine system by these chemicals has been suspected to affect the health of wildlife and humans. Exposure to EDCs has been linked to malformations of the genital tract, alterations in reproduction, some cancers in the reproductive organs, and changes in neurodevelopment and behavior for several decades even though the evidence from experimental or human studies is not completely consistent. On the other hand, the growing body of recent evidence has strongly suggested that EDCs may contribute to the development of obesity and obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions like type 2 diabetes. EDCs may be involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, particularly obesity-related diseases, which have increased with industrialization. However, the complicated characteristics of EDCs like non-linear dose-response relationships and mixture effects hamper researchers from obtaining consistent results from experimental or human studies. More basic and clinical studies should be performed in order to understand the health effects of EDCs, including the effects on the epigenome, developmental programming, transgenerational effects, and crosstalk among endocrine systems and metabolic and immune systems. Also, researchers need to keep in mind that traditional approaches may not be satisfactory in studying the health effects of EDCs. Considering the complexity of EDCs, a precautionary approach should be applied to the field of EDCs. Any effort to decrease exposure to EDCs would be beneficial in the prevention and control of various diseases.
Chronic Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Endocrine System ; Hand ; Humans ; Immune System ; Obesity ; Reproduction

About 90% of the ailments nowadays are thought to be due to reactive oxygen species(ROS), and thus the ROS-scavenging effect of the placenta may be effective in these conditions. By controlling the autonomic system, endocrine system, and stimulation of the immune system, the placenta has effects to improve various kinds of illnesses. However, there has not been a sufficient amount of data from systematic research on the therapeutic effectiveness of the placenta, and more attention from physicians and scientists is expected on this field to provide evidence for its usefulness on many intractable diseases, chronic diseases, and cancer. Besides, the placenta can play a role in anti-aging, rejuvenation, and esthetics without significant side effects. Thorough evaluation of the efficacy and the safety is needed to make placenta a promising therapeutic agent.
Chronic Disease ; Endocrine System ; Esthetics ; Immune System ; Oxygen ; Placenta ; Rejuvenation

Disorders of the endocrine system including hormone hyperfunction and hypofunction have multiple effects on cardiovascular system. However, in clinical practice, there are many cases of delayed or overlooked diagnosis of underlying endocrine dysfunction in patients presenting chest pain or other cardiac symptoms. Herein, we report three cases of endocrine hyperfunction presenting as coronary spasm; Graves' hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Chest pains disappear after treatment for these endocrine diseases. Endocrine hyperfunctions such as the three cases described above should be considered as possible diagnosis in patients with complaint of chest pain. High index of suspicion are needed.
Cardiovascular System ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diagnosis ; Endocrine System ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ; Hyperthyroidism ; Pheochromocytoma ; Spasm*