Strabismus surgeries using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and 6-0 vicryl suture material were performed in 16 albino rabbits. Both eyes of 16 rabbits were used. The superior and inferior rectus muscles were recessed and resected 5 mm. In 12 rabbits, n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate was used and those rabbits were divided into 3 groups, each group (4 rabbits, 8 eyes) was sacrificed 1, 2, and 3 weeks after operation respectively. The eyes were enucleated to examine the tensile strength and pathologic findings of the attached area. In 4 rabbits, 6-0 vicryl suture material was used as a control group in this study. This group was sacrificed and examined 3 weeks following the operation. In the cyanoacrylate groups, there were statistically significant differences and a chronologically increasing tendency of tensile strength between groups. Between the cyanoacrylate and the suture material group at 3 weeks post operation, there was no statistically significant differences in the tensile strength. Pathelogicallyr extraocular muscle bundles revealed patchy areas of interstitial inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in the cyanoacrylate groups. Capillary telangiectasia and muscle fiber regeneration were commonly observed. The findings in specimens 3 weeks after operation revealed rather mild changes, suggesting healed lesions. In the suture material group, mild inflammatory reactions were found.
Animals ; Enbucrilate/*therapeutic use ; Rabbits ; Strabismus/pathology/*surgery ; Tensile Strength

Adult ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Enbucrilate ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; blood supply ; Male ; Middle Aged

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cicatricial repair of perforating cornea in rabbits, by using the Nbutyl cyanoacrylate adhesive compared to the 910-polyglactine thread suture through macroscopic and histological assays. Corneas from 18 adult rabbits were perforated and subsequently occluded with N-butyl cyanoacrylate synthetic adhesive (right cornea) or by separated single points using the 910-polyglactine thread (left cornea). The rabbits were divided into groups containing three animals per group. Examination after 7, 15, and 30 days post-operative showed that both the synthetic adhesive and the suture were efficient in the occlusion of the surgical wounds, thus stabilizing the intra-ocular content. The N-butyl cyanoacrylate adhesive was shown to be superior to the 910-polyglactine suture thread with regards to the evolution and the organization of the healing process.
Animals ; Cornea/*injuries/*surgery ; Enbucrilate/*therapeutic use ; Female ; Male ; Polyglactin 910/therapeutic use ; Rabbits/*surgery ; *Sutures ; Tissue Adhesives/*therapeutic use ; *Wound Healing

No abstract available.
Arteries ; Catheterization ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*methods ; Enbucrilate/*therapeutic use ; Esophageal Diseases/*therapy ; Esophagus/blood supply ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*therapy ; Hemostatics/*therapeutic use ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo assess the embolic effects and biocompatibility of Eudragit mixture, a new liquid embolic agent.

METHODSIn vitro, the viscosity and precipitation time of Eudragit mixtures at several concentrations were measured to study the best proportion of components of the mixture. In vivo, a branch of the right external carotid artery was embolized with Eudragit mixture in 12 rabbits, and with n-butyl cyanoacrylate in another 12 rabbits for a comparative study of the general, angiographic and histopathologic changes between the two groups.

RESULTSEudragit mixture containing 7.5 g Eudragit, 50 ml absolute ethanol and 50 ml iopromide was shown in vitro to have good properties including rapid precipitation and soft elastic sponge formation upon contact with blood; in vivo, to be nontoxic, nonadherent to the microcatheter and able to embolize the vascular lumen completely without later recanalisation.

CONCLUSIONEudragit mixture is an effective, nontoxic, safe and promising liquid embolic agent.

Animals ; Carotid Artery Thrombosis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Cerebral Angiography ; Chemical Precipitation ; Embolism ; therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Enbucrilate ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Polymethacrylic Acids ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Rabbits ; Viscosity

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate (NBCA) for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March 1999 and December 2002, TAE for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding was performed in 93 patients. The endoscopic approach had failed or was discarded as an approach for control of bleeding in all study patients. Among the 93 patients NBCA was used as the primary embolic material for TAE in 32 patients (28 men, four women; mean age, 59.1 years). The indications for choosing NBCA as the embolic material were: inability to advance the microcatheter to the bleeding site and effective wedging of the microcatheter into the bleeding artery. TAE was performed using 1:1-1:3 mixtures of NBCA and iodized oil. The angiographic and clinical success rate, recurrent bleeding rate, procedure related complications and clinical outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: The angiographic and clinical success rates were 100% and 91% (29/32), respectively. There were no serious ischemic complications. Recurrent bleeding occurred in three patients (9%) and they were managed with emergency surgery (n = 1) and with a successful second TAE (n = 2). Eighteen patients (56%) had a coagulopathy at the time of TAE and the clinical success rate in this group of patients was 83% (15/18). CONCLUSION: TAE with NBCA is a highly effective and safe treatment modality for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, especially when it is not possible to advance the microcatheter to the bleeding site and when the patient has a coagulopathy.
Treatment Outcome ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Humans ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/radiography/*therapy ; Female ; Enbucrilate/*therapeutic use ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*methods ; Angiography ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aged ; Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) for the treatment of arterial esophageal bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Between August 2000 and April 2008, five patients diagnosed with arterial esophageal bleeding by conventional angiography, CT-angiography or endoscopy, underwent a TAE with NBCA. We mixed NBCA with iodized oil at ratios of 1:1 to 1:4 to supply radiopacity and achieve a proper polymerization time. After embolization, we evaluated the angiographic and clinical success, recurrent bleeding, and procedure-related complications. RESULTS: The bleeding esophageal artery directly originated from the aorta in four patients and from the left inferior phrenic artery in one patient. Although four patients had an underlying coagulopathy at the time of the TAE, angiographic and clinical success was achieved in all five patients. In addition, no procedure-related complications such as esophageal infarction were observed during this study. CONCLUSION: NBCA can be an effective and feasible embolic agent in patients with active arterial esophageal bleeding, even with pre-existing coagulopathy.
Adult ; Aged ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Catheterization ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*methods ; Enbucrilate/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Esophageal Diseases/radiography/*therapy ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/radiography/*therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

We report a case of pseudoaneurysm of the anterior ascending branch of the left pulmonary artery, following a left upper lobectomy for pulmonary aspergillosis, for which we have done an endovascular treatment. This is the first case where complete pseudoaneurysm occlusion was accomplished after a transcatheter intra-aneurysmal N-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate (glue) injection.
Adult ; Aneurysm, False/etiology/*therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic/adverse effects/*methods ; Enbucrilate/*therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Pneumonectomy/adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications/*therapy ; *Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis/surgery

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of injection n-Butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in treating laryngopharynx hemangioma. METHOD: Thirty cases of laryngopharynx hemangioma who received NBCA injection were obtained from our department 1998-2007. Twenty-five cases had tracheotomy under General anesthesia, and NBCA was injected into hemangioma by direct laryngoscopy. NBCA was mixed with iodide, and the concentration was 25.00% to 33.33%, NBCA dosage was 0.5 ml to 2.0 ml. There were 5 cases whose hemangioma confined to oropharynx didn't have tracheotomy, and they were injected straightly with the speculum oris. We observed the shedding of hemangioma in different time. RESULT: Hemangioma with diameter less than 1 cm, shedded in about 1 month. However, hemangioma with diameter more than 4 cm, shedded in a period more than 3.5 month. No recurrence was observed in the follow up of 3 months to seven years. CONCLUSION Avoiding dissection of neck and repetitious operation, NBCA injection could be a safe, simple and effective therapy for laryngopharynx hemangioma.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Enbucrilate ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemangioma ; therapy ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effect of microsurgery and endovascular embolization in the treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) by meta-analysis. METHODS: A systematic review was performed to retrieve all relevant literature about surgical treatment or endovascular embolization of SDAVF up to December 2019 through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Results, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and SinoMed. The Chinese and English key words included: "SDAVF", "spinal dural arteriovenous fistula", "spinal AVM", "spinal vascular malformation and treatment". The included studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The early failure rate, long-term recurrence, neurological recovery, and complications were evaluated and the clinical effects of the two methods in the treatment of SDAVF were compared by using RevMan 5.3 software. And a further subgroup analysis of the therapeutic effect of endovascular embolization with different embolic agents was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 46 studies involving 1 958 cases of SDAVF were included, in which 935 cases were treated by microsurgery and 1 023 cases were treated by endovascular embolization. The funnel plot demonstrated that there was no publication bias. The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of early surgical failure was lower than that of endovascular embolization (OR=0.20, 95%CI: 0.13-0.30, P < 0.05), and the long-term recurrence was also lower than that of endovascular embolization (OR=0.36, 95%CI: 0.22-0.58, P < 0.05). The improvement of neurological function in the surgical patients is significantly higher than that in the patients treated with endovascular embolization (OR=2.86, 95%CI: 1.36-5.99, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of complications in these two groups (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 0.88-2.64, P=0.14). In the cases of endovascular embolization, the risk of treatment failure or recurrence was higher with Onyx glue than with n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA), and the difference was statistically significant (OR=4.70, 95%CI: 1.55-14.28, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Although the treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas by intravascular embolization has been widely used, the clinical effect of microsurgery is still better than that of endovascular embolization. Large scale and high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to validate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment in SDAVF patients.
Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/surgery* ; Embolization, Therapeutic/methods* ; Enbucrilate/therapeutic use* ; Endovascular Procedures/methods* ; Humans ; Microsurgery/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome