Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer death in Gansu Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating the prevention and control measures of lung cancer. Methods The lung cancer death data from national monitoring sites in Gansu Province from 2014 to 2023 were selected. Excel2013 and SPSS17.0 were used to calculate lung cancer mortality, standardized mortality, potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential years of life lost rate, standardized potential years of life lost rate, and average years of life lost (AYLL). The annual percent change (APC) of the crude lung cancer mortality rate and standardized mortality rate was calculated using Joinpiont 4.8.0.1 software. The mortality difference decomposition method was used to analyze demographic and non-demographic factors. Results From 2014 to 2023, the crude mortality rate of lung cancer among the residents of the monitoring sites in Gansu Province showed an increasing trend. The mortality rate of males was higher than that of females. The mortality rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The population structure was the main factor leading to the increase of lung cancer mortality rate in urban areas, while other non-demographic factors were the main factors leading to the increase of lung cancer mortality rate in rural areas. The crude lung cancer mortality rate was low at the age of < 30, and then the mortality rate increased with age. Lung cancer PYLL was higher in males than in females, and AYLL was higher in females than in males. Conclusion The mortality rate of lung cancer in the monitoring sites in Gansu Province is on the rise. The urban areas and male population are the key areas and groups for intervention. It is suggested to further strengthen the early screening and intervention of lung cancer to reduce the mortality rate of lung cancer.

UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS metabonomics technology was used to clarify the metabolic regulation pathways by which Platycodon total saponins (PTS) exert antitussive and expectorant effects in a mouse cough model, in which coughing is induced by concentrated ammonia, and in a phenol red excretion model. After approval by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine (Approval No. JZLLSC-20190235), the mice were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a positive drug group and a PTS group. Endogenous metabolites in mouse serum were identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used for multivariate analysis. Metabolic pathways were analyzed by the Metaboanalyst platform. The results show that PTS can significantly prolong the cough latent period and cough frequency of mice, and significantly increase phenol red excretion. UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS identified 19 metabolites related to cough, and PTS significantly decreased 16 of them; 17 metabolites related to expectoration were identified, and PTS decreased the levels of all. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism were the main pathways involved in serum metabolite changes in this mouse cough model. Linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and α-linolenic acid metabolism were the main pathways involved in serum metabolite changes in the phenol red excretion model. This study is the first to elucidate the regulation of antitussive and expectorant metabolic pathways and the effect of PTS on these pathways.

With the progress of globalization, the public health emergencies represented by major infectious diseases have become a major challenge for the public health management in China. The article briefly describes the emergency response capability assessment tools in China, and introduces two emergency response assessment tools with complete content structure and wide application in the world. Then the advantages and disadvantages of the tools are compared and discussed in order to provide reference for improvement of the assessment tools for public health emergency response capability in China.
China ; Disaster Planning ; Humans ; Public Health ; Public Health Administration

Two new sucrose cinnamates(1 and 2) along with nine known compounds(3-11) were isolated from ethanol extract of Polygonum lapathifolium var. salicifolium by silica gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1 D-and 2 D-NMR experiments, as well as HR-ESI-MS analysis. Eleven compounds(7 sucrose cinnamates, 3 phenylpropanoids and 1 lactone) were obtained and their structures were identified as(1,3-O-di-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-α-D-glucopyranoside(1),(1,3-O-di-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-(6-O-acetyl)-α-D-glucopyranoside(2),(3-O-feruloyl)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)-α-D-glucopyranoside(3), hydropiperoside(4), vanicoside C(5),(1,3-O-di-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-(6-O-feruloyl)-α-D-glucopyranoside(6), vanicoside B(7),trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid methyl ester(8), trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid ethyl ester(9), methyl ferulate(10) and dimethoxydimethylphthalide(11), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were two new sucrose cinnamates, and compounds 1-11 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds 1-9 were investigated by an oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC) assay, and all nine compounds were found to show strong antioxidant activities. Among them, compound 6(10 μmol·L~(-1)) was the supreme one in antioxidant activities, with its ORAC value equivalent to(1.60±0.05) times of 50 μmol·L~(-1) Trolox.
Antioxidants ; Cinnamates ; Esters ; Molecular Structure ; Polygonum ; Sucrose

Aim To study the combination of lysinespecifc demethylase 1 (lysine-specifc demethylase 1, LSD1) inhibitor pargyline and the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin on the proliferation, migration and invasion of murine triple negative breast cancer 4T-1 cells. Methods In vitro, the effect on the proliferation, invasion and migration of 4T-1 cells of the combination of these two drugs were detected with CCK-8 method, lactate dehydrogenase release test, Chou-Talay method, Scratch test, Transwell assay, Western blot and etc. Tumor-bearing mice were used to investigate the combined effect of these two drugs on the proliferation of 4T-1 cells in vivo. Results The combination of pargyline and doxorubicin effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of 4T-1 cells. Compared with single drug group, the combination of these two drugs could significantly inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer and prolong the survival time of mice with triple negative breast cancer. Conclusions The combined application of pargyline and doxorubicin has a synergistic inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of mouse breast cancer 4T-1 cells, and has potential value for clinical treatment on triplenegative breast cancer.

Objective:To investigate the possible mechanism of Xieheyin in alleviating obese polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance（PCOS-IR）and reducing inflammatory response. Method:Ten of sixty SPF femlae C57BL/6J mice were randomly selected as the normal group，and the rest mice were given letrozole 0.002 g·kg^-1 combined with fecal suspension 2 g·kg^-1 for 28 consecutive days to establish model of PCOS-IR.The mice that were successfully modeled were randomized into the model group，metformin group（0.25 g·kg^-1），and low（10 g·kg^-1），medium（20 g·kg^-1），and high-dose（40 g·kg^-1）Xieheyin groups，and administered with the corresponding drugs by gavage，once a day，for four consecutive weeks. Except the normal control group， the mice in the other groups were continuously given fecal suspension combined with letrozole solution to maintain the model during the treatment. The mice were weighed once a week.Levels of fasting blood glucose （FBG） were detected by blood glucose test strips.And enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method was used to detect serum testosterone（T），follicle stimulating hormone（FSH），luteinizing hormone（LH），fasting insulin（FINS）level，and LH/FSH and Homeostasis model assesment of insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） were calculated．The uterus and ovaries were weighed and fixed.Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining was used to observe ovarian tissue pathology morphology. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of tight junction key molecular zonula occludens 1（ZO-1），occludin in colon tissues，and the expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B/Nod-like receptor protein 3（TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3）signaling pathway and inflammation associated proteins cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1（Caspase-1） and interleukin-1β（IL-1β） in colon tissues. Result:Compared with normal control group，the body weight of mice in the model control group increased significantly（P<0.01）. Serum FINS，FBG，HOMA-IR，T，LH/FSH were significantly increased（P<0.05，P<0.01）. The uterine organ ratio were decreased significantly（P<0.01），while the ovarian organ ratio were significantly increased（P<0.01）. The number of atresia follicles and cystic dilatation follicles increased significantly，and the number of corpus luteum significantly decreased，the thickness of follicular granulosa cells also decreased，while the white membrane thickness of the ovary increased. Tight junction related ZO-1，occludin proteins in colon tissues were all decreased（P<0.01）.The relative expression levels of inflammation-related protein IL-1β，Caspase-1 and TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 target protein signaling pathway were significantly increased（P<0.05）.Compared with model control group， the body weight of mice in the low，middle and high dose Xieheyin group decreased significantly（P<0.01）. The serum T，LH/FSH，FINS，FBG，HOMA-IR were significantly decreased（P<0.05，P<0.01）. The uterine organ ratio were increased（P<0.05），while the ovarian organ ratio were decreased（P<0.05）. The number of cystic follicles decreased and corpus luteum increased，the thickness of follicular granulosa cells increased and be arranged normally，while the white membrane thickness of the ovary increased slightly. The expressions of ZO-1，occludin proteins were increased（P<0.01）. The expression levels of IL-1β，Caspase-1 and TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 target protein in the high dose group were significantly decreased（P<0.01）. Conclusion:Xieheyin could activate intestinal TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway，inhibit pro-inflammatory factor secretion，improve obesity and IR，which was correlated with rebuilding intestinal mucosal barrier and inhibiting intestinal inflammation．

Objective: To determine the impact of inflammatory reaction levels and the culprit plaque characteristics on preprocedural Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: The is a retrospective study. A total of 1 268 STEMI patients who underwent pre-intervention optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination of culprit lesion during emergency PCI were divided into 2 groups by preprocedural TIMI flow grade (TIMI 0-1 group (n =964, 76.0%) and TIMI 2-3 group (n =304, 24.0%)). Baseline clinical data of the 2 groups were collected; blood samples were collected for the detection of inflammatory markers such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), myocardial injury marker, blood lipid, etc.; echocardiography was used to determine left ventricular ejection fraction; coronary angiography and OCT were performed to define the lesion length, diameter stenosis degree of the infarct-related arteries, presence or absence of complex lesions, culprit lesion type, area stenosis degree and vulnerability of culprit plaques. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent correlation factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of continuous independent correlation factors was analyzed, and the best cut-off value of TIMI 0-1 was respectively determined according to the maximum value of Youden index. Results: The mean age of 1 268 STEMI patients were (57.6±11.4) years old and 923 cases were males (72.8%). Compared with TIMI 2-3 group, the patients in TIMI 0-1 group were older and had higher N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level, lower cardiac troponin I (cTnI) level, lower left ventricular ejection fraction, and higher hsCRP level (5.16(2.06, 11.78) mg/L vs. 3.73(1.51, 10.46) mg/L). Moreover, the hsCRP level of patients in TIMI 0-1 group was higher in the plaque rupture subgroup (all P<0.05). Coronary angiography results showed that compared with TIMI 2-3 group, the proportion of right coronary artery (RCA) as the infarct-related artery was higher, the angiographical lesion length was longer, minimal lumen diameter was smaller, and diameter stenosis was larger in TIMI 0-1 group (all P<0.05). The prevalence of plaque rupture was higher (75.8% vs. 61.2%) in TIMI 0-1 group. Plaque vulnerability was significantly higher in TIMI 0-1 group than that in TIMI 2-3 group with larger mean lipid arc (241.27°±46.78° vs. 228.30°±46.32°), more thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA, 72.4% vs. 57.9%), more frequent appearance of macrophage accumulation (84.4% vs. 70.7%) and cholesterol crystals (39.1% vs. 25.7%). Minimal flow area was smaller [1.3(1.1-1.7)mm² vs. 1.4(1.1-1.9)mm², all P<0.05] and flow area stenosis was higher (78.2%±10.6% vs. 76.3%±12.3%) in TIMI 0-1 group. Multivariable analysis showed that mean lipid arc>255.55°, cholesterol crystals, angiographical lesion length>16.14 mm, and hsCRP>3.29 mg/L were the independent correlation factors of reduced preprocedural TIMI flow grade in STEMI patients. Conclusions: Plaque vulnerability and inflammation are closely related to reduced preprocedural TIMI flow grade in STEMI patients.
Aged ; Coronary Angiography ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/diagnostic imaging* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/diagnostic imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/surgery* ; Stroke Volume ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Ventricular Function, Left

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effects of anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF) and anterior cervical corpectomy with fusion (ACCF) in treating adjacent two-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). METHODS: The clinical data of 37 patients with adjacent two segment CSM treated from January 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, including 15 males and 22 females, aged from 43 to 69 years old with an average of 54.6 years. The patients were divided into ACDF group (group A, =17) and ACCF group (group B, =20) according to the different surgery. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded;the Cobb angle and cervical curvature in the cervical fusion segments before surgery and 1, 12 months after surgery were observed;Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score was used to evaluate the surgical efficacy, and the postoperative complications were analyzed. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months with an average of 18.5 months. Operation time and intraoperative blood loss in group A were (106.3±22.6) min, (52.2±26.4) ml, respectively, while were (115.6±16.8) min, ( 61.7±20.7) ml in group B. There was no statistically significant in operation time between two groups(>0.05);intraoperative blood loss in group B was larger than group A(<0.05). The preoperative and postoperative 1 and 12 months, cervical curvature and Cobb angle of cervical fusion segment in group A were (11.28±1.40)°, (17.56±1.90)°, (16.64±1.80)° and (4.93±4.20) °, (9.44±2.60)°, (9.25±2.80)°, respectively, and in group B were (10.59± 1.20)°, (16.26±2.10)°, (15.76±2.50)° and (4.75±3.90)°, (7.98±2.10)°, (7.79±3.00)°. The cervical curvature and Cobb angle in all cervical fusion segments at 1, 12 months after surgery were obviously improved, and group A recovered more significantly than group B (<0.05). The JOA scores in group A were 9.46±1.70, 11.56±1.40, 14.86±1.20 before operation and 1 and 12 months after operation, and group B were 9.11±1.50, 11.40±1.30, 15.12±1.60, respectively. The postoperative JOA scores of the two groups were significantly improved (<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference between two groups at the same time (>0.05). At the final follow up, in group A, dysphagia occurred in 2 cases, cage displacement in 1 case, and no titanium plate screw loose was found;and in group B, dysphagia occurred in 4 cases, titanium mesh collapse in 2 cases, titanium plate screw loose in 1 case. CONCLUSION Two types of anterior cervical decompression and fusion for the treatment of two segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy can effectively decompress and improve the Cobb angle and cervical curvature of the affected vertebra. The ACDF surgical procedure can directly removethe compressive thing at intervertebral level, which will lead to little vertebral body damage and favorably recovered cervical curvature. The ACCF surgical procedure has a large operation space, which can easily remove the posterior vertebral osteophyte and the calcified posterior longitudinal ligament. Long-term follow-up shows that ACDF and ACCF have good surgical procedures, mature technology, and close efficacy.
Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Diskectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; Spondylosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of anterior decompression and posterior decompression in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures with spinal cord injury, so as to provide a good scientific basis for more effective treatment of thoracolumbar fractures with spinal cord injury. METHODS: A clinical data about comparative study of anterior decompression and posterior decompression in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures with spinal cord injury was searched and collected. The databases of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang Medical Network were searched by computer. Artificially collected journals included Spine, European Spine Journal, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. Two spine surgeons independently screened the literature according to established inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed on the data using Review Manager 5.3 software, the indicators included operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative tactile score, postoperative motor score, postoperative vertebral height, hospitalization time, neurological function recovery, efficiency of treatment, postoperative complications. RESULTS: Fifteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were enrolled in a total of 1 360 patients, including 680 anterior decompression and 680 posterior decompression. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the anterior decompression group had longer operation time [MD=80.09, 95% CI(36.83, 123.34), P=0.000 3], more intraoperative blood loss [MD=225.21, 95%CI(171.07, 279.35), <0.000 01], longer hospitalization time [MD=2.31, 95% CI(0.32, 4.31), P=0.02]. And the postoperative tactile score [MD=13.39, 95% CI(9.86, 16.92), <0.000 01], postoperative motor score [MD=13.15, 95% CI(7.02, 19.29), <0.000 1], vertebral height [MD=1.36, 95% CI(0.79, 1.92), <0.000 01] in anterior decompression were higher than that in posterior decompression. There was no statistically significant differences in the efficacy of treatment [OR=1.14, 95% CI(0.56, 2.31), P=0.72], neurological recovery [OR=0.87, 95% CI(0.57, 1.33), P=0.52] between two groups. CONCLUSIONS Compared with posterior decompression, the anterior decompression has the advantages of longer operating time, more intraoperative blood loss, longer hospitalization time, higher postoperative tactile score, higher postoperative motor score, and higher injury vertebral height, But there was no significant difference in the treatment efficiency and nerve function recovery between two groups.
Decompression, Surgical ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Spinal Fractures ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation(PPSF) combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) for the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures.

METHODSThe clinical data of 94 patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures treated from January 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 31 males and 63 females, aged from 65 to 70 years old with an average of 67.2 years. Fracture level was T₁₁ on 15 cases, T₁₂ on 32 cases, L₁ on 29 cases and L₂ on 18 cases. The patients were divided into two groups according to different therapeutic methods. Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty were applied in 43 patients(group A) and percutaneous vertebroplasty was applied to 51 patients(group B). Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, bone cement volume, postoperative in-bed time were recorded; preoperatively, 3 d, 1 year after the operation, the ratios of anterior border heights, sagittal Cobb angles, visual analogue scale(VAS) scores were compared between two groups. The condition of postoperative complication in two groups was analyzed.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months with an average of 18.5 months. Operation time of group A [(96.2±28.7) min] was longer than that of group B [(31.8±10.6) min]. Intraoperative blood loss of group A[(62.2±25.5) ml] was more than that of group B [(25.4±10.9) ml]. Bone cement volume of group A [(5.5±0.5) ml] was larger than that of group B [(4.9±1.1) ml]. Postoperative in-bed time of group A[(5.1±1.8) d] was longer than that of group B[(1.8±0.7) d]. There were significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, bone cement volume, postoperative in-bed time between two groups(<0.05). Three days, 12 months after the operation, the ratios of anterior border heights and Cobb angles in two groups were significantly improved. At final follow-up, the ratio of anterior border height and Cobb angle of group A[(85.6±3.5)%, (11.9±5.3)°] were better than of group B[(84.2±4.5)%, (15.3±3.4)°](<0.05). Three cases in group B had re-collapse of cemented vertebral bodies. Postoperative at 3 d, 1 year, VAS score of all patients had significantly decreased(<0.05), and there was no significant difference between two groups(>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCompared to simple PVP, PPSF combined with PVP in treating osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture can obtain stronger vertebral strength and stiffness, furthermore to improve vertebral reduced effect, keeping vertebral heights, and preventing vertebral re-collapse.

Aged ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; surgery ; Pedicle Screws ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Vertebroplasty