Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Health

China ; Humans ; Occupational Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Physical Examination ; trends

Objective To investigate the changes in the serum MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) and the expressions of MMP-9 in lung, kidney and intestine in rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and confirm extracellular matrix injuries being the mechanism in MODS in order to propose a novel theoretical basis for cfinical treatment of MODS. Method Forty wister rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n=8) and MODS model group (n=32). The rats of model group were further divided into four subgroups ac-cordingto the time elapsed after modelling: 12 h (n=8), 24 h(n=8) ,48 h(n=8) and 72 h (n=8), and were modelled by celiac injection of mixed liquid of zymosan-paraffin (4 mL/100 g) after blood loss (1mL/100 g) by extirpating their left eyes. Blood,lung, kidney and intestine were sampled 12,24,48 and 72 hours after models were established. The histological changes in the lung, kidney and intestine of the rats were observed by light mi-croscope. The serum MMP-9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The immunohisto-chemistry was used to observe the expression of MMP-9 in lung,kidney and intestine during different phases of MODS. The data were processed by one-way ANOVA and Bivariate analysis. Results Compared with control group, the organs were injured by congestion, edema and inflammatory cells infiltration to a certain extent in model groups. The serum MMP-9 increased markedly 12 hours after modelling (P<0.01 ) and peaked 48 hours later. The expressions of MMP-9 in lung, kidney and small intestine significantly increased from 12 h to 72 h after mod-elling (P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The MMP-9 increased both in serum and tissue are closely associated with the pathological process of MODS. The mechanism of organ damage probably attributes to the damage of extra-celluar matrix and tissue construction.

Objective:To carry out preoperative nutritional risk screening for inpatient to understand their nutritional risk status,and to explore the relationship between postoperative nutritional support and related clinical outcomes.Methods:A total of 378 patients in the Third Ward of Department of General Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University,completed NRS 2002 scoring within 48 h after admission.The patients with NRS scores more than 3 points were judged to have nutritional risk,and they were divided into nutrition support group (114 cases) and non-nutrition support group (60 cases) according to whether or not to accept the nutrition support.According to the doctor's advice,the data of nutrition support were obtained,the related clinical outcomes were recorded twice a week,and the relationship between them was analyzed.The influencing factors of hospitalization costs and infectious complications were analyzed.Results:Among the 378 inpatients,the nutritional risk rate was 50.53％.Of the 174 patients enrolled in the cohort study,the nutritional support rate was 65.52％ (114/174).The difference of hospitalization time between the nutrition support group and the non-nutrition support group was statistically significant (P=0.028).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the hospitalization costs.The incidence of infectious complications (P=0.034) and the total complication rate (P=0.012) in the nutrition support group were lower than those in the non-nutrition support group.Disease score and nutrition support were the influencing factors of the incidence of infectious complications (P＜0.10).Hospitalization days,disease score and nutrition score were the influencing factors of hospitalization costs (P＜0.10).Conclusions:General surgery patients have higher nutrition risks,and nutrition support can reduce infectious complications,total complications and shorten hospital stay.NRS 2002 has a superior ability of predicting clinical outcomes.

Artemisnin is a novel sesquiterpene lactone with an internal peroxide bridge structure, which is extracted from traditional Chinese herb Artemisia annua L. (Qinghao). Recommended by World Health Organization, artemisinin is the first-line drug in the treatment of encephalic and chloroquine-resistant malaria. In the present study, transgenic A. annua plants were developed by overexpressing the key enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of artemisinin. Based on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods, transgenic plants of A. annua with overexpression of both HDR and ADS were obtained through hygromycin screening. The genomic PCR analysis confirmed six transgenic lines in which both HDR and ADS were integrated into genome. The gene expression analysis given by real-time quantitative PCR showed that all the transgenic lines had higher expression levels of HDR and ADS than the non-transgenic control (except ah3 in which the expression level of ADS showed no significant difference compared with control); and the HPLC analysis of artemisinin demonstrated that transgenic A. annua plants produced artemisinin at significantly higher level than non-transgenic plants. Especially, the highest content of artemisinin was found in transgenic line ah70, in which the artemisinin content was 3.48 times compared with that in non-transgenic lines. In summary, overexpression of HDR and ADS facilitated artemisinin biosynthesis and this method could be applied to develop transgenic plants of A. annua with higher yield of artemisinin.
Artemisia annua ; genetics ; metabolism ; Artemisinins ; metabolism ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Mixed Function Oxygenases ; genetics ; Oxidoreductases ; genetics ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To explore the effect of recovery sleep on the executive function after 36 h of total sleep deprivation by event related potential technology.Methods Thirteen healthy male college students participated in two trials. At the first trial normal sleep as control was investigated. At the second trial participants experienced 36 h of sleep deprivation and then accepted 8 h recovery sleep. In each trial six Go/Nogo tests were employed to test the executive control function and the ERP data were recorded. Results There was no statistical difference in behavior and ERP results at each time point as the subjects had normal sleep. After 36 h of sleep deprivation, the behavior results were statistically significant when compared to the baseline. The amplitude and latency of Nogo-N2, Nogo-P3 on Fz electrode, the amplitude and latency of Nogo-P3 on Cz electrode showed statistical significance when compared to the baseline. After 8 h recovery sleep, the average correct reaction time and the Go correct reaction rate had statistical significance compared to 36 h value. The amplitude of Nogo-N2 and Nogo-P3 had no statistical significance compared to the baseline.However,it was of statistical significance[(-6.80 3.95)vs(-3.37 2.63)μV,(10.63±6.62)vs(5.63±5.45)μV,(9.49±7.37)vs(6.08±6.56)μV] compared to 36 h value. The latency of the recovery value of Nogo-N2 and Nogo-P3 was statistically significant[(254.14±15.55)vs(243.08±13.97)ms(382.14±41.07)vs(349.17±30.36)ms,(369.86±26.48)vs(347.48±29.24)ms]compared to the baseline.Conclusion As the time of sleep deprivation is prolonged, the executive function is impaired and the executive function is not completely recovered after 8 h recovery sleep.

Objective To investigate the source and genetic background of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the year of 2006,in China. Methods From January to December 2006,a total number of 302 consecutive and non-repetitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were collected from 17 Teaching hospitals in 15 areas. Genotypes of SCCmec were determined by multiplex PCR and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to type the house-keeping genes. The implementation of the spa typing method was straightforward,and the results obtained were reproducible,unambiguous,and easily interpreted. Results All areas but Dalian harbored SCCmec Ⅲ while Dalian harbored SCCmec Ⅱ most. There were two strains in Guangzhou,harboring SCCmec Ⅳ. There were four strains of sequence type(ST),with ST239 accounted for 46.7% and ST5 accounted for 44.4%. ST59 accounted for 6.7% and ST88 accounted for 2.2%. There were fourteen strains of Spa typing,with t30 accounted for 52.6% ; t37 accounted for 27.2% ; t2 accounted for 12.9% ; t632 accounted for 2.3% ; t437 accounted for 1.3% ; t570,t601 accounted for 0.7% ; t377,t459,t796,t899,t1152,t2649 accounted for 0.3% ; no-typing accounted for 0.3%,respectively,pvl gene was not detected. Conclusion The main clone strains were ST239-MRSA-SCCmec Ⅲ-t30,ST5-MRSA-SCCmec Ⅱ-t2,with unique geographic distributions across the whole nation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM)expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).Methods The Ep-CAM expression was immunohistochemically investigated in 70 normal esophageal mucosas,SCCs and 72 lymph nodes.Results Ep-CAM expression was observed in 94.3% of the tumors,but no expression in the normal mucosa.The Ep- CAM expression was not significantly different between different tumor scales and tumors invading depths,its expression level was relevant with the tumors differentiation and lymph node metastases(P

OBJECTIVETo explore treatments of severe post-kidney-transplant lung infection by integrative Chinese and Western medicine (ICWM), in order to elevate the curing rate as well as to lower the death rate.

METHODSBased on conventional ways of Western medical treatments of 18 cases of severe post-kidney-transplant lung infection, such as putting the patients in single individual ward, antibiotics to prevent infection, respiratory machines, blood filtration, nutritional support, steroids, and maintaining electrolytes balance, we applied integrated Chinese medicinal treatments, like altering conventional prescription "pneumonia III", and conducted clinical observation of effectiveness, and indexes including white blood cell (WBC), neutrophilic granulocyte, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), blood creatinine (Cr), etc.

RESULTSOf the 18 cases studied, 7 were already cured, 8 proved the treatment effective, 3 died. All clinical indexes had statistically significant changes compared with those of before treatment (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONICWM can increase curing rate and lower death rate.

Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Transplantation ; Lung Diseases ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Opportunistic Infections ; drug therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical heterogeneity of movement disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD).

METHODSNinety-eight PD patients (68 males and 30 females) were divided into tremor-dominant PD (n=23), mixed subtype PD (n=29) and postural instability and gait disorder (PIGD)-dominant PD (n=46) groups, and the clinical heterogeneity of the movement function of the patients was compared.

RESULTSThe initial symptom of tremor-predominant PD was tremor, but patients with PIGD-dominant PD had rigidity and gait disorder as the initial symptoms, commonly compromising the left limb. The amended Hoehn-Yahr stage of tremor-dominant PD was significantly lower than that of the PIGD-dominant PD, while the score of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was significantly higher in the former. No statistical differences were found in the gender, course of disease and family history between the patients with different subtypes of PD.

CONCLUSIONThere are significant differences in the initial and typical symptoms between tremor-dominant PD and PIGD-dominant PD.

Aged ; Female ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic ; classification ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Movement Disorders ; classification ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Parkinson Disease ; classification ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Postural Balance ; Tremor ; pathology ; physiopathology