Abstract: Fifteen novel ligustrazine-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives were designed and synthesized according to the association principle of pharmaceutical chemistry. The structures were identified by IR, NMR and ESI-MS. The inhibitory activities of platelet aggregation induced by ADP and AA have been measured by Bron method. Preliminary pharmacological results showed that compounds 7g, 7h and 7n had potent inhibitory activity against platelet aggregation induced by AA, and the compound 7o showed significant inhibitory activity against platelet aggregation induced by ADP.
Drug Design ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Pyrazines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Tetrahydroisoquinolines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

Problem-based learning(PBL)is an important part of creative education in medical colleges.Choice and design of cases are of the vital importance to success or failure of PBL course.To enhance students' ability of independent,creative thinking,and their ability of analyzing and solving problems,the roles of primitive cases and model cases as well as interrelation between them were discussed respective- ly.Moreover,five basic principles to be followed in model case design for PBL in Medical Microbiology and Human Parasitology,i.e.objec- tivity,flexibility,consistency,illumination and relevance,were proposed in this study.

PBL teaching method is a new mode of teaching which is originated from the West and implemented into China in recent years with an expectation that it would mainly develop the students’ self-learning ability,and enhance their skills of comprehensive thinking and solving actual problems.The author summarizes the practical experience of using PBL teaching methods in the theory teaching in Department of Medical Microbiology and Human Parasitology,China Medical University in the past three years,and then proved this method is very helpful to improving the students’integrated thinking by analysis of sample.At the same time the results also suggested that the students showed high enthusiasm in discussing the cases.By this way,the students showed great subjective intiative in their studies.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of Kaschin-Beck disease in Shandong province, and to provide a scientific basis for decision-making in controlling the disease. Methods According to the National Monitoring Program of Kaschin-Beck disease requirements, historical serious villages of Kaschin-Beck disease in Qingzhou of Shandong province were selected annually; children aged 7 to 16 were chosen to receive clinical examination and children aged 7 to 12 were taken X-ray examination. Clinical and X-ray diagnosis was carried out according to the Diagnostic Criteria of Kashin Beck Disease(GB 16003-1995). Results From 1996 to 2010, in 53 diseased villages, three thousand three hundred and eighteen school children aged 7 to 16 were clinically diagnosed, and child Kaschin-Beck disease of degree Ⅰ and above were not detected; three thousand and ninety-one school children aged 7 to 12 were examined by X-ray, forty cases were found positive, and the total positive rate was 1.29％(40/3091 ). The year with the highest positive rate was 2002, and the rate was 3.49％(13/372) ; the positive rate was 0 in 1996 and 2008. The difference of the X-ray positive rate between each year was statistically significant(x2 =31.54, P ＜ 0.01 ). ConclusionsChild Kashin-Beck disease in Qingzhou is basically under control.Since etiology of Kashin-Beck disease is still unclear, surveillance of the disease still needs to be strengthened.

The present study is to investigate the quality changes of ginseng stems and leaves before and after frost. The contents changes of ginsenoside, free amino acid, and total phenolic compounds, as well as DPPH radical scavenging effect before and after frost were measured. The content of 9 ginsenoside monomer in ginseng stems was decreased except for Rg, and Re after frost, but in ginseng leaves was all decreased. The total content of amino acids was decreased in ginseng stems after frost, while increased in ginseng leaves. The content of phenolic compounds in ginseng stems and leaves were both decreased after frost while the ability of DPPH radical scavenging was improved. The factor of frost has great impact on the quality of ginseng stems and leaves.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Ecosystem ; Freezing ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Quality Control

Objective To investigate the effects of five elements music combined with acupoint massage on sleep quality in insomnia patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods A total of 120 cases of insomnia patients with CHD were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 60 cases,respectively.The control group was given routine medicine treatment for CHD.The experimental group was given five elements music combined with acupoint massage besides the routine treatment.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to compare before and 4 weeks after the intervention for sleep quality,hear rate and blood pressure between two groups.Results Four weeks after the intervention,total effective rate of sleep effect in the experimental group was 96.67％,and there was significant difference between two groups (P＜0.05).Four weeks after the intervention,heart rate,blood pressure,total score and scores for each dimension were decreased for both groups,but those in the experimental group declined more obviously,and the differences were significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Five elements music combined with acupoint massage can significantly alleviate insomnia for patients with CHD.

Objective To evaluate the functional outcome,predicting response and toxicity of CT- guided permanent implanted ~(125)I seed branchytherapy for metastatic cancers in vertebrae.Methods Forty three vertebrae with metastatic cancer were treated by CT-guided percutaneous permanent implanted ~(125)I seed branchytherapy in 15 patients.There were 8 male and 7 female patients with average age of 54.6 years and 2 to 5 vertebrae involved in this group.According to the size of tumor,the optimal activity and quantity of seeds were calculated by TPS and correlative formula.~(125)I seeds were implanted percutaneous puncture under CT- guidance with coaxial needles to pass the normal osseous tissue for approaching the lesions including 3 routes of pedicnlar lateral and anterior ways.The distance between seeds and posterior border of vertebral body was over 3 nun(3-10mm).Permanent ~(125)I seed implantation brachytherapy for paraspinal metastatic lesions were also taken place.Results Mean follow-up time was 12.3 months(range 3-30 months)and outcome was evaluated clinically and radiographieally in 10 of 15 procedures,with 5 only on clinical data.No new pain occurred at 11 sites with no previous complaint.The pain was completely controlled at 18/32 sites,partial control at 14/32 sites.No complications correlated to the radiotherapy damage of nerve and spinal cord were found.Conclusion The procedure of CT-guided permanent implanted ~(125)I seeds brachytherapy for vertebral metastatic cancers is a safe effective and minimal invasive method with few complications.It is beneficial not only for pretherapeutic metastasis but also for recurrent tumors after radiotherapy;bearing rather high tolerance and safety.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:834-837)

Objective To establish a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of plague IgM antibody in herding dogs.Methods ELISA plates were coated with serum IgM antibody against dogs and F1 antibody to plague in the serum of herding dogs was detected by a sandwich ELISA.Results A total of 216 serum samples of herding dogs were tested,26 were positive for plague F1 antibody and the positive rate was 12.03％ (26/216); 14 were positive for plague IgM antibody and the positive rate was 6.48％ (14/216); IgM positive accounted for 53.8％(14/26) of all positive samples.Conclusions Serum plague IgM antibody of herding dogs can be used to predict the prevalent time and distribution of recent animal plague in plague foci indirectly,and to provide reference information for timely implementation of control measures.

With the diversion rate of ginkgolide A, B, K as comprehensive evaluation indexes, the amount of activated carbon, ad- sorption time, mix rate, and adsorption temperature were selected as factors, orthogonal design which based on the evaluation method of information entropy was used to optimize activated carbon adsorption technology of ginkgo diterpene lactones meglumine injection. Opti- mized adsorption conditions were as follows: adsorbed 30 min with 0.2% activated carbon in 25 °C, 40 r ·min⁻¹, validation test re- sult display. The optimum extraction condition was stable and feasible, it will provide a basis for ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine injection' activated carbon adsorption process.
Adsorption ; Charcoal ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Diterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Lactones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of the Mixture of Shengmai Powder and Danshen Decoction (, abbreviated as the Mixture) in the rat model with type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy in the rat model with type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy, abbreviated as the Mixture) in the rat model with type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).

METHODSForty-two SD rats with DCM model, established by the combination of insulin resistance by a high-fat diet with the damage of pancreatic islet β cells by intraperitoneal injection of high dose streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) once, were evaluated in the damage of the myocardium by electrocardiogram at the end of 12 weeks of grouping and intervention administration; the extent of damage in the myocardial subcellular structure was observed by electron microscopy; the content of myocardial collagen in the left cardiac ventricle was quantified by Masson staining test; the myocardial cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL; the changes in the mRNA expression levels of thrombospodin-1 (TSP-1) and tribbles homolog 3 (TRB-3) by real-time quantitative PCR, the expression levels of myocardial TSP-1, tumor growth factorβ1 (TGF-β1), TRB-3, and chymase were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the changes in the expression levels of myocardial TSP-1, active-TGF-β1 (A-TGF-β1) and latent-TGF-β1 (L-TGF-β1) protein were tested by Western blotting.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the myocardial tissue was less damaged, and the extent of damage in the myocardial subcellular structure was less; the collagen fiber content and the cell apoptosis were reduced; the expression levels of TSP-1mRNA and TRB-3 mRNA, the expression levels of myocardial TSP-1, TGF-β1, TRB-3, and chymase, as well as the average expression levels of the myocardial TSP-1, A-TGFβ1, and L-TGF-β1 protein were decreased in the Mixture group.

CONCLUSIONThe Mixture of Shengmai Powder and Danshen Decoction could inhibit the process of myocardial fibrosis in the rat myocardium of DCM through multiple pathways and significantly delay the genesis and progress of DCM in hyperglycemic rats.

Animals ; Cytoprotection ; drug effects ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; drug therapy ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Heart ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardium ; cytology ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Streptozocin