STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Proper finishing and polishing enhance both the esthetics and the longevity of restored teeth. Blade finishing technique would be suited for smoothing and finishing. Evaluation of this technique are necessary. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the blade finishing and polishing procedures on the surface profile and roughness of ormocer-based composite resin and nanohybrid composite resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material included a ormocer-based composite resin (Admira(R) & Admira(R) Flow); a nanohybrid composite resin (Grandio(R) & Grandio(R) Flow). One hundred forty specimens of each group were prepared using a mylar strip and randomly divied into blade finishing and rubber polishing groups (n=10). The average surface roughness (Ra) in micrometers was measured and the surface profile was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Magnification X 200). The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney Test at 0.05 significance level. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated that the mylar strip produced the smoothest surface on all materials and among the finishing-polishing methods was not significanct difference (P>0.05). Ormocer-based flowable composite resin performedthe lowest variability in initial surface roughness among the tested materials.
Composite Resins ; Esthetics ; Longevity ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Polyethylene Terephthalates ; Rubber ; Tooth

The authors studied 16 cases of craniopharyngioma who admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of Dong San Medical center, Keimyung university, during the past 5 years from 1981 to 1985. Of these 16 cases, 9 belonged to a juvenile group with ages under 20 based on full pubertal development, and 7 cases belonged to an adult group. It was observed the difference between the age groups of the clinical, neuroradiogical and histopathopathological findings. Raised ICP symptoms were showed in juvenile group and decreased vision and visual field defect in adult group, respectivelly, as the chief complaint. All cases of the juvenile group were classified as juvenile type and three cases out of seven in the adult group were adult types in their histopathological pattern. Four juvenile types of adult group showed poor outcome. We concluded that subtotal resection with radiotherapy gave a better prognosis in both group and that hormone therapy before and operation decreased mortality and morbidity and improved the quality of survival significantly.
Adult* ; Child* ; Craniopharyngioma ; Humans ; Mortality ; Neurosurgery ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Visual Fields

PURPOSE: To identify the characteristic ultrasonographic findings of the normal appendix in children in order to detect it more easily and so to exclude acute appendicitis from a diagnosis with more confidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 64 patients presenting with right lower quadrant pain, 44 patients, excluding 15 patients diagnosed as acute appendicitis and 5 patients with non-visualization of the appendix due to severe ileus and obesity, were evaluated for the point of incidence, the thickness and the presence of folding of the inner hypoechoic band of the normal appendix. The age of the patients ranged from 3 to 15 years with a mean age of 6.5 years. Two patients were operated on and we correlated the preoperative ultrasonographic findings with the histologic findings. RESULTS: In all the cases of the 44 patients with normal appendix, the inner hypoechoic band was discovered, which was seen as a linear structure without folding along the whole length of appendix. This measured as 0.75 mm (0.3-1.5 mm) for the mean thickness. The inner hypoechoic band corresponded to the mucosal layer that had abundant lymphoid tissue on the histologic examination. CONCLUSION:For the pediatric normal appendix, the inner hypoechoic band without folding is present, and this corresponds to the mucosal layer with abundant lymphoid tissue.
Appendicitis ; Appendix* ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Ileus ; Incidence ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Obesity ; Ultrasonography*

Orthostatic proteinuria has been recognized as a benign condition with a good prognosis and has not been associated with any underlying glomerular disease. The pathogenesis of orthostatic proteinuria is unclear. Recently, a few foreign reports suggested that the nutcracker phenomenon, which is known as a cause of asymptomatic hematuria, may also be a major cause of orthostatic proteinuria. We report a case of a 12-year-old female patient presenting only with orthostatic proteinuria, who was diagnosed as having nutcracker phenomenon by Doppler study and venography.
Child ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Phlebography ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria* ; Renal Veins

An adenosquamous carcinoma of the penis is an exceedingly rare, highly malignant tumor, with histological features of a squamous cell carcinoma and an adenocarcinoma, which originates in the penile surface epithelium, and possibly in embryologically misplaced mucus glands of the perimeatal region of the glans mucosa. We report a case of an adenosquamous carcinoma of the penis in a 73-year-old man who had been suffering from a painful ulcerative mass on his penis for 2 years.
Adenocarcinoma ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Mucus ; Penis* ; Ulcer

Gall bladder of a common carp is taken in some areas of Asia as a traditional medicine for improvement of their general health problems like hypertension, poor visual acuity, and impotence. Many cases have been reported on acute hepatitis, acute renal failure, gastrointestinal problems and neurological symptoms following ingestion of raw carp bile juice. We experienced a case of anuric ARF, acute hepatitis, and rhabdomyolysis that developed after indigestion of raw carp bile juice, not yet seen in previous studies. In this case, anuric state of patient was resolved after 4 days with continuous renal replacement therapy. Thus we report this case with review of literature.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Asia ; Bile ; Carps ; Dyspepsia ; Eating ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Medicine, Traditional ; Renal Replacement Therapy ; Rhabdomyolysis ; Urinary Bladder ; Visual Acuity

A glomus tumor of the stomach is a rare submucosal lesion that was first described by De Busscher in 1948. Submucosal tumors of the stomach are mostly leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, and malignant lymphoma. It is difficult to diagnose this kind of tumor preoperatively. We present a patient with a gastric glomus tumor which showed the characteristic endoscopic ultrasonographic (EUS) finding. Our case was also diagnosed by pathology after surgery. The major EUS findings in the present case are circumscribed low echoic mass in the forth submucosal layer and an internal heterogenous echo mixed with high echoic spots. The EUS seems to be useful in distinguishing between glomus tumor and other submucosal tumors.
Endosonography* ; Glomus Tumor* ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Lymphoma ; Pathology ; Stomach*

PURPOSE: To provide the insight into the role of LXR alpha on the progression of diabetic nephropathy, we measured the production of extracellular matrix in the cultured mesangial cells treated with the LXR agonist. METHODS: With the mesangial cells extracted from C57BL6 mice, we cultured them in the presence of 25 mM glucose with or without TO901317, an agonist of LXRalpha We transfected siRNAs of SREBP1 and LXR alpha into the mesangial cell to suppress the activity of the two genes. RESULTS: TO901317 increased expressions of LXR alpha, SREBP-1, TGF beta-1, and collagen IV and triglyceride amount in mesangial cells cultured in 25mM glucose. These effects of TO901317 were attenuated by inhibiting transcription of LXR alpha or SREBP-1 with transfection of siRNAs. In mesangial cells transfected with siRNA of SREBP-1, changes by TO901317 were attenuated regardless of increased expression of LXR alpha. That suggested the activation of SREBP-1, an downstream gene of LXR alpha, would be more important to induce changes in mesangial cells by TO901317. CONCLUSION: The TO901317, an agonist of LXR alpha, increases extracellular matrix, collagen IV, and TGF beta-1 production in cultured mesangial cells. The SREBP-1 as well as dyslipidemia in mesangial cells enhanced by LXR agonist would be the important mechanism to induce those changes.
Animals ; Collagen ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Dyslipidemias ; Extracellular Matrix ; Glucose ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Liver ; Mesangial Cells ; Mice ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 ; Transfection

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short term results of infracoccygeal sacropexy for the management of uterine prolpase or stump prolapse. METHODS: Thirty-four Women who underwent infracoccygeal sacropexy for the management of uterine prolapse or stump prolpase were enrolled this study. Intraoperative or postoperative complications and results of the operation were evaluated and the recurrence rate of pelvic organ prolapse was checked 6 months after operation. RESULTS: Changes of hemoglobin after infracoccygeal sacropexy was 1.7+/-0.9, mean duration of bladder drainage was 3.1+/-1.0 (days). After 2.1 days of operation, foley catheter was removed. Mean inpatient day was 5.2+/-1.0, patient discharged 3.2 days after operation. Recurrence rate after 6 months was 2.9%. Preoperative mean stage of prolapse was 2.7+/-0.7 (stage) and it decreased to 0.4+/-0.6 (stage) 6 months after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Infracoccygeal sacropexy was effective method for the management of uterine/ stump prolapse.
Catheters ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse ; Postoperative Complications ; Prolapse* ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder ; Uterine Prolapse ; Uterus*

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have revealed that sleep duration is linked to both obesity and hypertension. Here, we evaluated the association between sleep duration and hypertension in obese and non-obese premenopausal women using representative national survey data from the Korean population. METHODS: A total of 4,748 subjects over 20 years of age from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012 were included. To control for risk factors, multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of hypertension across the following sleep duration categories: <6, 6-8, and >8 h/d. RESULTS: Among the participants, 367 subjects (7.7%) had hypertension. Their mean sleep duration was 7 hours. In the non-obese subjects, after controlling for potential confounding variables, the odds ratio for hypertension was 1.86 fold greater in those with a sleep duration of <6 hours (odds ratio, 1.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 3.03) as compared to those who slept for 6.8 hours. However, there was no association between sleep duration and the risk of hypertension in obese subjects. Long sleep duration (over 8 h/d) was not associated with hypertension in either the non-obese or the obese subjects in this study. CONCLUSION: Short sleep duration (less than 6 h/d) may be a significant risk factor for hypertension in non-obese premenopausal women. However, there is no association between sleep duration and the risk of hypertension in obese women.
Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Factors