Abstract Globally, non-pharmacological interventions, such as keeping social distance and wearing masks, are the primary prevention and control strategy in the early stage of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The successful development and the urgency use of the COVID-19 vaccines in some countries brings a new stage of combining immunization with non-pharmacological interventions in the fight with COVID-19. For the shortage of vaccines, the immunization strategies vary in countries. To end the pandemic, 47%-85% of the population should be immunized with effective COVID-19 vaccines, thus we should boost the yield of vaccines, formulate scientific immunization strategies, promote the mass immunization, improve the willingness of vaccination, and increase the equity of vaccine allocation; meanwhile, we should strengthen the surveillance of virus variation, vaccine effectiveness and safety, and keep on the vaccine research to copy with the potential threat of the virus variation.

The risk factors of Clostridium difficile infections increased in recent years , such as the underlying disease, hospitalization duration, age, the use of antibiotics, the use of proton pump inhibitors and so on.The rate of Clostridium difficile infection and recurrence are still high despite the appear of new antibiotics such as rifaximin, nitazoxanide, tigecycline, ramoplanin, fidaxomicin, and non-antimicrobial such as drugs toxin neutralizer chamber , biological therapeutic agents , fecal transplantation , systemic antibody method , intravenous immunoglobulin and so on.The vaccine is the most ideal way of prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection.The research in Clostridium difficile vaccine lasted for nearly 20 years.Except the monoclonal antibody vaccine and toxoid vaccine against toxin A and toxin B have achieved better results in the human , some recombinant vaccines against the toxin receptor and the key pathogenic factor of Clostridium difficile also achieved good effect in animal.

Objective The purpose of this paper is to study PGM1 genotyping by PCR RFLP.Method 300 unrelated individuals of Han were genotyped using PCR RFLP. The target amplificaton products of extron 4 and 8 of PGM1 gene were digested by Bgl II and Nla III respectively.The digested DNA fragments were typed by PAGE.Result This PGM1 RFLP system can discriminate 9 genotypes with Dp of 0 7450 in Han population.Compared with conventional PAGIEF, 1+2- and 1-2+ cant be differentiated and the rare genotypes also cant be detected by this method.The advantage of this method was PGM1 genotyping successfully in bloodstains stored for 25 years and with 0 1ng genomic DNA.PGM1 RFLP method is useful for forensic identification.

Dust ; Humans ; Iron ; Mining ; Noise, Occupational ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data ; Vibration

Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Diseases ; etiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Particle Accelerators ; Platinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Radiation Injuries ; etiology ; Radiotherapy, High-Energy ; adverse effects

Hamartoma ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; Male ; Middle Aged

Aged ; Anesthesia, General ; Dentures ; Esophagoscopes ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Male

Behcet's Disease is a chronic systemic disorder characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcerations, ocular inflammation, having manifestations related to skin and joints. Neurologic signs can also be observed seldomly during the course of the disease. In this report a case of Behcet's disease with neurological involvement was presented.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of learning adaptability of nursing student in the emergency department and come up with relevant countermeasures. Methods Two hundred nursing student in the emergency department participated in the survey. A self-designed questionnaire on their learning adaptability and the results were analyzed. Result The job category, work environment, disease of the patients, internship time, teaching method and the professional identification were the top six factors influencing their learning adaptability situation. Conclusion Such measures as strengthening the orientation of student nurses, cultivating their observation ability and communication skills, enhancing the consciousness about law, increasing practice time appropriately, improving teaching methods and ability, and strengthening sense of identity can guarantee effective internship and adaptability of the nursing student in emergency department.

Objective:To investigate the expression of c-Fos protein after total and partial sleep deprivation(SD) of 96 hours.Methods:SD was induced in the male Sprague-Dawley rats by housing them on the small platforms over water.Controls were housed in the normal cage(CC) or on the large platforms over water(TC).The effects of total and partial 96h SD on the expression of c-Fos protein were examined by immunocytochemisty.Results:SD made Fos protein express differently in the different fields of the brain.The expression of Fos protein of partial SD was wider and lighter than of total SD.Conclusion:Compared with total SD,partial SD has lighter stress.