Adult ; Empyema, Pleural ; complications ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Neck Injuries ; complications ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; complications ; etiology

Actinomycosis ; complications ; Adult ; Empyema, Pleural ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; complications

Adolescent ; Empyema, Subdural ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Sinusitis ; complications ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Pleural aspergillosis is an uncommon disease; only 29 cases have reported in the literature since 1958. We reported a patient with a pleural aspergillosis complicated a preexisting chronic empyema. Treatment consisted of pleuropneumonectomy, creation of an pleurocutaneous window followed by an intrapleural instillation of nystatin.
Aged ; Aspergillosis/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Case Report ; Empyema/complications ; Human ; Lung Diseases, Fungal/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Male

Streptococcus pneumoniae can asymptomatically colonize the nasopharynx and cause a diverse range of illnesses. This clinical spectrum from colonization to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) appears to depend on the pneumococcal capsular serotype rather than the genetic background. According to a literature review, serotypes 1, 4, 5, 7F, 8, 12F, 14, 18C, and 19A are more likely to cause IPD. Although serotypes 1 and 19A are the predominant causes of invasive pneumococcal pneumonia, serotype 14 remains one of the most common etiologic agents of non-bacteremic pneumonia in adults, even after 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) introduction. Serotypes 1, 3, and 19A pneumococci are likely to cause empyema and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Serotype 1 pneumococcal meningitis is prevalent in the African meningitis belt, with a high fatality rate. In contrast to the capsule type, genotype is more closely associated with antibiotic resistance. CC320/271 strains expressing serotype 19A are multidrug-resistant (MDR) and prevalent worldwide in the era of PCV7. Several clones of MDR serotype 6C pneumococci emerged, and a MDR 6D clone (ST282) has been identified in Korea. Since the pneumococcal epidemiology of capsule types varies geographically and temporally, a nationwide serosurveillance system is vital to establishing appropriate vaccination strategies for each country.
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Empyema/etiology ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/etiology ; Humans ; Meningitis/etiology ; Peritonitis/etiology ; Pneumococcal Infections/complications/*immunology ; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/immunology ; Serotyping ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/*classification/pathogenicity

Pleuropulmonary involvement of salmonella infection is very rare and only two cases of salmonella empyema have been reported in Korea. We report the case of a 70-year-old female diabetic patient who presented with right flank pain and right lower chest pain. The chest radiographs revealed fibrostreaky and hazy density at right lower lung field and blunting of right costophrenic angle. Thoracentesis revealed turbid yellowish fluid. Salmonella group B was identified from the cultures of blood and pleural fluid. After antimicrobial therapy and repeated therapeutic thoracentesis, the patient was improved.
Aged ; Case Report ; Empyema, Pleural/etiology+ACo- ; Female ; Human ; Salmonella Infections/drug therapy ; Salmonella Infections/complications+ACo-

Objective: To examine the feasibility and technical considerations of thorough debridement using uniportal thoracoscopic surgery for tuberculous empyema complicated by chest wall tuberculosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 38 patients who underwent comprehensive uniportal thoracoscopy debridement for empyema complicated by chest wall tuberculosis in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, from March 2019 to August 2021. There were 23 males and 15 females, aged (M(IQR)) 30 (25) years (range: 18 to 78 years). The patients were cleared of chest wall tuberculosis under general anesthesia and underwent an incision through the intercostal sinus, followed by the whole fiberboard decortication method. Chest tube drainage was used for pleural cavity disease and negative pressure drainage for chest wall tuberculosis with SB tube, and without muscle flap filling and pressure bandaging. If there was no air leakage, the chest tube was removed first, followed by the removal of the SB tube after 2 to 7 days if there was no obvious residual cavity on the CT scan. The patients were followed up in outpatient clinics and by telephone until October 2022. Results: The operation time was 2.0 (1.5) h (range: 1 to 5 h), and blood loss during the operation was 100 (175) ml (range: 100 to 1 200 ml). The most common postoperative complication was prolonged air leak, with an incidence rate of 81.6% (31/38). The postoperative drainage time of the chest tube was 14 (12) days (range: 2 to 31 days) and the postoperative drainage time of the SB tube was 21 (14) days (range: 4 to 40 days). The follow-up time was 25 (11) months (range: 13 to 42 months). All patients had primary healing of their incisions and there was no tuberculosis recurrence during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Uniportal thoracoscopic thorough debridement combined with postoperative standardized antituberculosis treatment is safe and feasible for the treatment of tuberculous empyema with chest wall tuberculosis, which could achieve a good long-term recovery effect.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Abscess/complications* ; Empyema, Pleural/etiology* ; Empyema, Tuberculous/complications* ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Wall ; Debridement/adverse effects* ; China ; Chest Tubes/adverse effects* ; Tuberculosis/complications* ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Drainage

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical characteristics and managements of pyothorax due to postoperative cervical anastomotic leakage after esophageal cancer surgery.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2013, 3342 patients with esophageal carcinoma underwent esophagectomy and cervical esophagogastric anastomosis. Of them, 19 patients developed pyothorax following cervical anastomotic leakage and their clinicopathological data were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSAll the patients underwent a cervical anastomosis via a three-incisional approach (right cervicothoracic mid-abdominal incision, RT group, n=1094) or a two-incisional approach (left cervicothoracic incision, LT group, n=2248). The total number of cervical anastomotic leakage cases was 237, of which 152 cases were in LT group (6.8%), and 85 cases in RT group (7.8%), respectively (P=0.287). The incidence of pyothorax was 2.0% (n=3) in LT group, and 18.8% (n=16) in RT group, respectively (P<0.01). Fourteen cases develop pyothorax within 3 days after operation. The main symptoms were high fever, dyspnea and chest pain. All the pyothorax patients received conservative treatments, including thoracic closed drainage, nasogastric tube placement, jejunal stoma, nutritional support, antibiotics and symptomatic treatment. Sixteen cases were cured, while 3 cases were dead.

CONCLUSIONSThe right thoracotomy approach predisposes the cervical anastomotic leakage-associated pyothorax. Sufficient drainage and sufficient nutritional support are critical to the treatment.

Aged ; Anastomotic Leak ; Drainage ; methods ; Empyema, Pleural ; etiology ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Cardiac Tamponade/etiology ; Drainage ; Empyema, Pleural/diagnosis/*etiology/microbiology/therapy ; Heart Diseases/diagnosis/*etiology/microbiology/therapy ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/*therapy ; Male ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification ; Middle Aged ; Pericardial Effusion/etiology ; Pericardial Window Techniques ; Pericardiocentesis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory/*adverse effects ; Peritonitis/diagnosis/drug therapy/*etiology/microbiology ; Pleural Effusion/etiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis/drug therapy/*etiology/microbiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy (THI) is originally defined as a physiological maturation defect of immunoglobulin G (IgG) production that occurs at 3-6 months of age and lasts until 18 to 36 months of age. We report here on a 22-month-old child with THI and IgA deficiency, who had massive pneumococcal empyema. Her depressed IgG level returned to normal within 6 months, but IgA level was still low at 6 yr of age. Although THI is an age-dependent and self-limiting disorder, severe infection that includes an atypical presentation of an infection may occur in some patients and this requires evaluation with immunologic study.
Agammaglobulinemia/complications/*diagnosis/immunology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Empyema, Pleural/*diagnosis/etiology/radiography ; Female ; Humans ; IgA Deficiency/*diagnosis/immunology ; Immunoglobulin A/blood ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Infant ; Staphylococcal Infections/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed