Humans ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; complications ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; complications ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; complications ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; complications

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; complications ; Pneumopericardium ; complications

No abstract available.
Adolescent ; Emphysema/etiology* ; Face ; Human ; Male ; Mediastinal Emphysema/etiology ; Neck ; Peptic Ulcer Perforation/complications* ; Pneumoperitoneum/etiology ; Stomach Ulcer/complications*

Electrocardiography ; Emphysema ; complications ; diagnosis ; Heart Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive ; complications ; diagnosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDPneumomediastinum (PM) secondary to foreign body aspiration (FBA) is rare in children. Although it is mainly benign, some cases may be fatal. Due to the rare nature of this clinical entity, proper assessment and management have been poorly studied so far. Here, we characterized the presentation and management of this clinical entity and provided an evaluation system for the management.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed children with PM secondary to FBA, who were treated in Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015. All patients were stratified according to the degree of dyspnea on admission, and interventions were given accordingly. Bronchoscopic removals of airway foreign bodies (FBs) were performed on all patients. For patients in acute respiratory distress, emergent air evacuation and/or resuscitations were performed first. Admission data, interventions, and clinical outcomes were recorded.

RESULTSA total of 39 patients were included in this study. The clinical severity was divided into three grades (Grades I, II, and III) according to the degree of dyspnea. Thirty-one patients were in Grade I dyspnea, and they simply underwent bronchoscopic FBs removals. PM resolved spontaneously and all patients recovered uneventfully. Six patients were in Grade II dyspnea, and emergent drainage preceded rigid bronchoscopy. They all recovered uneventfully under close observation. Two exhausted patients were in Grade III dyspnea. They died from large PM and bilateral pneumothorax, respectively, despite of aggressive interventions in our hospital.

CONCLUSIONSPM secondary to FBA could be life-threatening in some patients. The degree of dyspnea should be evaluated immediately, and patients in different dyspnea should be treated accordingly. For patients in Grade I dyspnea, simple bronchoscopic FBs removals could promise a good outcome. For patients in Grade II dyspnea, emergent air evacuation and/or resuscitation should precede a bronchoscopy before the children become exhausted.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; complications ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; diagnosis ; Pneumothorax ; diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; diagnosis

Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; complications ; virology ; Male ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; etiology ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; etiology

Child, Preschool ; Embolism ; complications ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; etiology ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; etiology ; Sputum ; physiology ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; etiology

Aged ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung Injury ; etiology ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; complications

A pneumocele is an abnormal dilatation of a paranasal sinus, most commonly affecting the frontal sinus. Although the etiology of pneumocele is not entirely known, several causative factors have been suggested including trauma, surgery, tumor and infection. We report here a case of post-traumatic pneumocele of the frontal sinus following a head trauma.
Craniocerebral Trauma/*complications ; Emphysema/*etiology/radiography ; *Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) using da Vinci(R) Surgical System is an emerging technique for management of prostate cancer. With retrospective chart review of patients who had RARP or radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP), we tried to evaluate and compare the effects on the factors related to patients' outcomes. METHODS: We reviewed the data of 144 patients who underwent RARP (group R, n = 76) or RRP (group C, n = 68) under general anesthesia in the same time period retrospectively.The age, anesthesia time, transfusion rate, PACU time, administration of additional analgesics at PACU, admission day after the operation, postoperative complications and intraoperative PaCO2 were examined and compared. RESULTS: Group R showed significantly lower transfusion rate and more rapid discharge after the operation. Intraoperative PaCO2 was increased in process of time in group R. Other variables were not significantly different between the two groups.In group R, mild neuropathy occurred in 2 patients and subcutaneous emphysema occurred in 1 patient. CONCLUSION: Patients who had RARP needed significantly less transfusion during operation and significantly shorter admission time compared to patients who had RRP.
Analgesics ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Subcutaneous Emphysema