Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the type of care, factors influencing caregivers' strains, and caregiving outcomes of immigrant Filipino caregivers to senior patients with chronic and/or serious life-threatening conditions in Canada. Design: This study employed a qualitative method with five female caregivers and five female and male patients who were Filipino immigrants in Winnipeg, Canada. Audiorecorded interviews were guided by a semi-structured open-ended interview script. Transcripts of audio-recorded interview data were analyzed using content analysis. Findings Findings of the study revealed that female caregivers' tasks included providing personal care, assisting with mobility and giving medications, as well as, performing care management tasks like arranging social services and transportation. Caregivers' economic, financial, physical, emotional and time strains were influenced by their employment arrangements, household status, income, social networks, the life cycle stage, housing, and neighborhood. Caregiving outcomes for employed female caregivers resulted often in economic and emotional distress and even poor health.
Caregivers ; Emigrants and Immigrants

PURPOSE

The importance of culture for ensuring safe and high-quality nursing care cannot be overstated. However, despite the increase in nurse migration, the concept of acculturation in nursing has not been well defined. This study aimed to elucidate the concept of acculturation in immigrant nurses.

The defining attributes of the concept were established using Walker and Avant's 8-step method. This article is due to the dissertation of the PhD degree course approved and defended at the Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. In this study, the researcher started collecting data after receiving the Code of Ethics (IR.BMSU.REC.1401.114) from the Iran National Committee for Ethics in Biomedical Research. The researcher provided the participants with contact information and was always ready to answer their research queries.

Without any time constraints, a search was conducted on databases including Scopus, Pub Med, Web of Science, SID, Magiran, Irandoc, and Oxford Medical Dictionary using the keywords 'acculturation' and 'immigrant nurses'. Atotal of 18 articles were analyzed based on the inclusion criteria.

Immigrant nurses experience acculturation through two main attributes. One-way acculturation involves the impact of social values, norms, customs, and habits on the nurses. Two-way acculturation refers to the cultural exchange between the nurse and the new environment.

According to the study, immigrant nurses experience acculturation as being impacted by various aspects such as beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and habits.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the subjective opinions of first-generation Korean-Americans about survival. METHODS: The Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. The 34 selected Q-statements from each of 38 subjects were classified into a shape of normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using a QUANL/WIN program. RESULTS: Four types of survival attitudes from 38 first-generation Korean-Americans were identified. Type I was a satisfaction type based on belief, Type II was an effort type based on purpose, Type III was an isolation type based on ethnicity, and Type IV was a compromise type based on adaptation. Results of this study indicate that approaches to a minority's survival strategies need to be differentiated taking this typology and various subject characteristics into account. CONCLUSION: This information may provide a basic understanding for healthcare providers who work with first-generation Korean-Americans.
Emigrants and Immigrants ; Health Personnel ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study's aim was to investigate participation in Pap smear screening among married immigrant women and their behavior and its related factors. METHODS: A survey was conducted among 165 married immigrant women in Gyeongsangnam-do from January 1 to March 20, 2010. RESULTS: Results in this study showed that 51.5% have never participated in Pap Smear screening. Among those who have participated in the Pap Smear screening, 10.9% had regular screening, while 37.6% had irregular screening. Pap smear screening behavior was significantly different according to the experiences in health checkup (chi-square=34.009, p<.001) , whether or not there was a hospital the woman regularly visited (chi-square=7.768, p=.021) and perceived barriers (F=3.214, p=.043). CONCLUSION: For improvement of Pap smear participation, this study proposes to develop various nursing intervention programs which can improve perceived barriers in regards to the related variables. In addition, it is necessary to come up with a strategy to advertise the participation in Pap smear screening in a systematic and continuous manner in order to raise womens' awareness and to make married immigrant women realize the importance of regular Pap smear screenings.
Emigrants and Immigrants ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening

PURPOSE: This study's aim was to investigate participation in Pap smear screening among married immigrant women and their behavior and its related factors. METHODS: A survey was conducted among 165 married immigrant women in Gyeongsangnam-do from January 1 to March 20, 2010. RESULTS: Results in this study showed that 51.5% have never participated in Pap Smear screening. Among those who have participated in the Pap Smear screening, 10.9% had regular screening, while 37.6% had irregular screening. Pap smear screening behavior was significantly different according to the experiences in health checkup (chi-square=34.009, p<.001) , whether or not there was a hospital the woman regularly visited (chi-square=7.768, p=.021) and perceived barriers (F=3.214, p=.043). CONCLUSION: For improvement of Pap smear participation, this study proposes to develop various nursing intervention programs which can improve perceived barriers in regards to the related variables. In addition, it is necessary to come up with a strategy to advertise the participation in Pap smear screening in a systematic and continuous manner in order to raise womens' awareness and to make married immigrant women realize the importance of regular Pap smear screenings.
Emigrants and Immigrants ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening

Recently world wide web is popular and the role of homepage is getting important. So the number of homepages about medicine or medical institute is increasing among homepages made in Korea, but the homepages are made by the specialist - homepage developer - not by medical personnel. Homepage specialists can promise the specialty, quality of the homepage itself, but medical personnels in the institute are better and ideal in the practical, economical aspect and in the content of information. Authors made homepage of Hallym medical center and its hospitals from September first, 1996 to December 31, 1996 only by their own work. The characteristics of this homepage are various structure and forms of 6 hospitals under the proper homogeneity, easy link or connectivity among 6 hospitals and central institute, and getting faster speed by proper restriction of large multimedia data considering present basal structure of internet. The targets of this homepage are medical personnels, students, patients, members of this institute and public. In the future foreigners are considered as targets. In conclusion, homepage of medical institute can be made somewhat effectively an d economically by its own medical personnels without the aid of homepage specialist and this first trial can be popular and participation of medical personnels to this work will be increased.
Emigrants and Immigrants ; Humans ; Internet ; Korea ; Multimedia ; Specialization

This study was done to investigate the lives of the daughters- in- law caring for parents with dementia and participate in their lives through having quality time with them. Data were collected by depth interviews and interpreted through the hermeneutic circle as follows. These daughters-in-law have conflict between social custom and subjective self. They had ambivalence toward their demented partents-in- law and were fighting a battle between rationality and emotions in their mind. These daughters-in law and mothers-in- law did not get along and the parents' dementia aggravated the relationships. They were alienated from their family by the parents with dementia. The indifference of their family especially their husbands, made these subjects live in misery. They cared for the demented mother-in-law with hatred. Even though they had this yoke, there daughters- in-law were not able to throw off the shackles of convention.
Dementia* ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Parents* ; Spouses

PURPOSE: Most of the former studies about the occlusal contact patterns during the mandibular movement focused on foreigner. The purpose of this study is analyzing the occlusal contacts of young Koreans by using T-Scan system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample size was 87 and the occlusal contacts of each right and left lateral movements were measured from the maximum intercuspation to the 3mm excursive position for three times respectively. All of the occlusal contacts were double checked through the thin metal foil. The results were categorized as two; 1) considering occlusal contact patterns on working side only, 2) considering occlusal contact patterns on working and nonworking sides. RESULTS: The results showed that the nonworking side occlusal contacts play major roles in the lateral mandibular movement. In both cases of considering with and without the nonworking side occlusal contacts, the group function was the most prevalent. In the working side, the contacts were the most frequent in canine and the frequency of contacts was decreased as the distance was increased from canine to molar. In the nonworking side, the contacts were the most frequent in second molar. And the gender factor was statistically significant (alpha=.05), as females have more nonworking side occlusal contacts in this study. CONCLUSION: Among the three factors of anterior guidance, the group function was the most dominant factor. The analysis of 87 samples showed that canine contact was the most frequent in the working side and second molar contact was the most common in the nonworking side.
Emigrants and Immigrants ; Female ; Humans ; Molar ; Sample Size

No abstract available.
Alien Hand Syndrome* ; Emigrants and Immigrants* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Emigrants and Immigrants ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Refugees ; Tuberculosis