Retrospective study 34,590 trauma patients at Emergency department in Viet Duc Hospital in 2004 with traffic accident: 20,184, occupational accident 2536 and other accident: 11,870 cases. Result: Patient needs emergency operation - (scheduled operations and minor operations were excluded): 6469 cases (12%), trauma: 4299 case (66%), pathology: 2170 cases (34%). Among 4299 cases with emergency operation, traffic accident is cause of 2586 cases (transfer back home: 870, death: 243; 60%); life accident: 1086 cases (transfer back home: 86, death: 30; 25 %), occupational accident: 627 (transfer back home: 75, death: 27;15%). Emergency operation rate due to pathology is 4 time less than traffic accident. Operation on gastro abdomen :1105 case (51%), liver 479 (22%,) and followed by disease of urinary, cardiology and chest, brain and less on disease on muscle, born thrititis: 3%.
Surgery ; Emergencies ; Epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the information obtained through Internet-based media surveillance in 2013 on domestic public health emergencies and to compare with the related data reported through Chinese Public Health Emergency Management Information System (PHEMIS), and to study the role of Internet-based Media Surveillance Program (IBMSP) in the detection of public health emergencies.

METHODSA descriptive analysis was conducted based on the database of the information on domestic public health emergencies. Information was obtained through the Internet-based media surveillance in 2013.

RESULTSA total of 752 pieces of information regarding domestic public health emergencies in 31 provinces were obtained, through the IBMSP, run by the China CDC in 2013. 53.46% of all the information were categorized as initial ones on public health emergency while another 22.07% were considered as updated ones. 41.62% of the information were related to infectious diseases with another 24.73% to food poisoning. 27.53% of the information were from official websites of governments and professional organizations, with the rest 72.47% were from media. As for corresponding public health emergencies, 41.79% were food poisoning and 18.66% were infectious diseases. 22.39% of them occurred in schools, 18.16% in other organizations and 16.92% in households. 28.86% were reported through Chinese PHEMIS. For the 116 public health emergencies that both related to information obtained through Internet-based media surveillance in 2013 and reported through PHEMIS, the median days of interval between illness onset of the first case as well as reported by media, interval between onset of the first case as well as reported through PHEMIS, were 2.5 days and 2.0 days respectively. 19.83% of the emergencies were first reported by media than through PHEMIS.

CONCLUSIONInternet-based media surveillance programs had become an important way to detect public health emergencies and could serve as the supplement to the classic surveillance programs on public health emergencies.

China ; epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases ; epidemiology ; Databases, Factual ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Internet ; Public Health Surveillance ; methods

Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Social Support

INTRODUCTIONPerioperative anaphylaxis is an anaesthetic emergency, but its incidence is not well described in the local literature. This retrospective study aims to look at a group of patients who had perioperative anaphylaxis in our institution.

METHODSWe conducted a retrospective review of electronic databases and clinical case sheets, and identified 34 patients who had possible perioperative anaphylaxis during anaesthesia in our institution between 1 January 2007 and 30 April 2012.

RESULTSAfter reviewing clinical and biochemical data, we found that 16 out of 151,876 patients who underwent surgery had confirmed perioperative anaphylaxis, an incidence of 1:10,000. Neuromuscular blockers were identified as the most common causative agent for perioperative anaphylaxis. The offending agent could not be identified in seven patients.

CONCLUSIONTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Southeast Asia on the incidence of perioperative anaphylaxis. Having a preoperative history of allergy did not seem to predispose patients to the subsequent development of perioperative anaphylaxis.

Adult ; Anaphylaxis ; epidemiology ; Emergencies ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Singapore ; epidemiology ; Tertiary Care Centers

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of patients who visited emergency departments (EDs) after intentional poisoning in Korea. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of of 23 hospitals during a five-year period, between 2011 and 2015. We included patients who inflicted injury to themselves - attempt of suicide - by means of poisoning. RESULTS: A total of 18,121 patients visited an ED after intentional poisoning. Among them, 58.3% were females; however, there were more males among those aged 60 years or older. The mortality rate for males was 8.6%, which was 3.1 times higher than that for females with 2.8%. The most common poison was pesticides (35.4%) in males and sedative-hypnotics (44.0%) in females. The most common causative agent of death was pesticide in both sexes (75.2% and 65.3%, respectively). Since the production of paraquat was discontinued in 2011, the number of deaths from pesticide poisoning has decreased. The mortality rate declined in both males and females, from 12.6% and 4.5% in 2011 to 7.1% and 2.1% in 2015, respectively. CONCLUSION: In this study, we analyzed the epidemiologic characteristics of intentional poisoning, especially the frequency of suicide attempts by gender and age group, the cause of suicide, and the causative agent. This can be used as basic data for establishing policies to reduce and prevent suicide attempts by poisoning.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mortality ; Paraquat ; Pesticides ; Poisoning* ; Retrospective Studies ; Suicide

PURPOSE: This descriptive correlational study investigated the effects of violent experience and resilience on burnout in emergency medical technicians (EMTs). METHODS: The participants were 160 EMTs working in fire stations (safety center and local center) located in U, B, and D city. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test post-hoc analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. RESULTS: The number of EMTs getting into ambulances was significantly associated with violent experience, resilience, and burnout. Position of EMTs was significantly associated with both resilience and burnout. In the multiple regression analysis, the subscales of durability and optimism in resilience were significantly associated with burnout after controlling for confounding variables. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that improving durability and optimism in resilience was important to cope with experience of violence and to prevent burnout in EMTs.
Ambulances ; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Medical Technicians* ; Fires ; Humans ; Optimism ; Violence

Public health emergencies caused by infectious diseases are the greatest threat to mankind in the 21st century, and pose an even more significant threat than nuclear weapons. The first step in preparing for and responding to such public health emergencies is to conduct thorough surveillance and rapid epidemiological investigations. Especially in the case of public health emergencies, most information is not smoothly transmitted. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the emergency and to collect data quickly and efficiently by defining the minimum necessary data and information. In addition, these data should be analyzed and interpreted promptly, and countermeasures and strategies should be developed and utilized in preparedness and response activities. Epidemiological investigations should also be carried out promptly in accordance with the emergency situation, and in particular, if the infection source is not known, maximal measures should be taken to prevent epidemiologists from becoming infected. In order to carry out surveillance and epidemiological investigations effectively in the future in the event of a public health emergency, continuous efforts should be made to nurture professional manpower, international cooperation, and use of the latest information technology.
Communicable Diseases* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Emergencies* ; Epidemiology ; International Cooperation ; Nuclear Weapons ; Public Health*

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a vector-borne flavivirus. It was initially identified in Uganda in 1947, and the first human infection was reported in Nigeria in 1953. Since 2015, ZIKV has been spreading rapidly in Brazil and the Americas. Given its general symptoms, ZIKV is considered to be a mild, febrile illness, although it is associated with severe neurologic complications. On February 1, 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). We conducted a review of the literature on the epidemiology and transmission, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of ZIKV. Additionally, we introduce original literature on the current ZIKV outbreak in this review.
Americas ; Brazil ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Epidemiology ; Flavivirus ; Humans ; Nigeria ; Public Health ; Uganda ; World Health Organization ; Zika Virus*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics and the psychosocial factors associated to the referral to psychiatric care in the suicide attempters visiting emergency center. METHODS: We conducted a systematic chart review of 377 suicidal attempters visiting emergency center of the Korea University Ansan Hospital between January 2008 and December 2011. We gathered a data contain 20 items including psychosocial characteristics and factors related to suicide and factors related to psychiatric treatment. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to data to estimate the unique effects of sex, drunken status, companion, suicidal methods, place of suicide and current use of psychiatric medication on the referral to psychiatric care. RESULTS: The female gender(OR=1.63, 95% CI=0.99-2.69), suicidal attempts at home(OR=3.40, 95% I=1.21-9.56) and drunken state at visit(OR=2.34, 95% CI=1.10-5.01) are the factors that predict the risk of the non-referral of the patients to psychiatric intervention. Place of suicidal attempt was the most important factor do play a role in determining whether referral to psychiatric care will take place or not. Current use of psychiatric medication showed a trend toward significance(p=0.08, OR=1.67, 95% CI=0.95-2.95). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that when deciding whether to adapt or to refuse the referral to psychiatric care, the factors such as suicidal intent, lethality of suicide methods, familiar factors and alcohol may contribute onto the referral to psychiatric care. Additional research is required to investigate an association of these factors with referral to psychiatric care.
Emergencies* ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Friends ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Methods ; Psychology ; Referral and Consultation* ; Suicide*

OBJECTIVETo establish a comprehensive evaluation index system for the China Public Health Emergency Events Surveillance System (CPHEESS).

METHODSA draft index system was built through literature review and under the consideration of the characteristics on CPHEESS. Delphi method was adapted to determine the final index system.

RESULTSThe index system was divided into primary, secondary and tertiary levels. There were 4 primary indicators: System structure, Network platform, Surveillance implementation reports with Data analysis and utilization. There were 16 secondary and 70 tertiary indicators being set, with System structure including 14 tertiary indicators (accounted for 20.00%), 21 Network platforms (accounted for 30.00%). Twenty-four Surveillance implementation reports (accounted for 34.29%), 11 Data analysis and utilization (accounted for 15.71%). The average score of importance of each indicators was 4.29 (3.77-4.94), with an average coefficient variation as 0.14 (0.12-0.16). The mean Chronbach's α index was 0.84 (0.81-0.89). The adaptability of each related facilities indicator was specified.

CONCLUSIONThe primary indicators were set in accordance with the characteristics and goals of the surveillance systems. Secondary indicators provided key elements in the management and control of the system while the tertiary indicators were available and operative. The agreement rate of experts was high with good validity and reliability. This index system could be used for CPHEESS in future.

China ; epidemiology ; Delphi Technique ; Emergencies ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Public Health Surveillance ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results