No abstract available.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro*

No abstract available.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Estradiol* ; Fertilization in Vitro*

No abstract available.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Pregnancy*

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical outcomes of single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles according to the hatching status of frozen-thawed blastocysts. METHODS: Frozen-thawed blastocysts were divided into three groups according to their hatching status as follows: less-than-expanded blastocyst (≤EdB), hatching blastocyst (HgB), and hatched blastocyst (HdB). The female age and infertility factors of each group were evaluated. The quality of the single frozen-thawed blastocyst was also graded as grade A, tightly packed inner cell mass (ICM) and many cells organized in the trophectoderm epithelium (TE); grade B, several and loose ICM and TE; and grade C, very few ICM and a few cells in the TE. The clinical pregnancy and implantation rate were compared between each group. The data were analyzed by either t-test or chi-square analysis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in average female ages, infertility factors, or the distribution of blastocyst grades A, B, and C in each group. There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy and implantation rate of each group according to their blastocyst grade. However, there was a significant difference in the clinical pregnancy and implantation rate between each group. In the HdB group, the clinical pregnancy and implantation rate were similar regardless of the blastocyst quality. CONCLUSION: There was an effect on the clinical outcomes depending on whether the blastocyst hatched during single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer. When performing single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer, the hatching status of the frozen-thawed blastocyst may be a more important parameter for clinical outcomes than the quality of the frozen-thawed blastocyst.
Blastocyst* ; Embryo Transfer* ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies* ; Single Embryo Transfer ; Vitrification

OBJECTIVE: The implantation failure after embryo-transfer (ET) is a major continuing problem in in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of individuals experiencing repeated unexplained in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) failure. METHODS: A total of nine consecutive infertile patients who failed to become pregnant after previous IVF-ET replacing at least three or more normal developed embryos each were included in our study. During the subsequent new IVF-ET cycle, each women received intravenous immunoglobulin 500mg/kg before the embryo transfer. RESULTS: Only one implantation occurred. There were no remarkable side effects. A specific effect of intravenous immunoglobulin for patients with repeated IVF-ET failure could not be demonstrated. CONCLUSION: High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin may not be useful for patients with repeated failure of embryo transfer.
Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins*

No abstract available.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Gangwon-do*

No abstract available.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin*

OBJECTIVETo estimate the congenital malformations in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer and naturally conceived children by means of meta-analysis, so as to provide the evidence for improving reproductive technology research.

METHODSWe searched databases ( ISI Web of Knowledge, Medline, CNKI from 1999 to 2007 using "in vitro fertilization" or "in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer", in combination with "congenital malformations", also performed a manual search of citations from relevant original studies. Then all the studies applied a meta-analysing with software of Stata 10.

RESULTSEight publications were identified and found no heterogeneity (Q = 3.7, P = 0.3) The total rate of malformations was higher in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer infants than the naturally conceived. The pooled RR for the study was 1.3 (95% CI: 1.26 - 1.43, Z = 8.67, P = 0.00). The cumulative summary effects showed that the larger the sample size, the more accurate the estimation. Publication bias were not found in the study, by using Egger's test method (P = 0.2). In dividing the type of the newborn malformations, the rate of cardiovascular defects in in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer infants was higher than in the naturally conceived. The summy RR for the study was 1.48 (95% CI: 1.2 -1.7, Z = 4.5, P = 0. 0).

CONCLUSIONSThe total rate of malformations and the cardiovascular defects in in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer infants was higher than in the naturally conceived.

Embryo Transfer ; Endometrium ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine