2.In Vitro Observation of Air Bubbles during Delivery of Various Detachable Aneurysm Embolization Coils.
Deok Hee LEE ; Seon Moon HWANG ; Ok Kyun LIM ; Jae Kyun KIM
Korean Journal of Radiology 2012;13(4):412-416
OBJECTIVE: Device- or technique-related air embolism is a drawback of various neuro-endovascular procedures. Detachable aneurysm embolization coils can be sources of such air bubbles. We therefore assessed the formation of air bubbles during in vitro delivery of various detachable coils. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A closed circuit simulating a typical endovascular coiling procedure was primed with saline solution degassed by a sonification device. Thirty commercially available detachable coils (7 Axium, 4 GDCs, 5 MicroPlex, 7 Target, and 7 Trufill coils) were tested by using the standard coil flushing and delivery techniques suggested by each manufacturer. The emergence of any air bubbles was monitored with a digital microscope and the images were captured to measure total volumes of air bubbles during coil insertion and detachment and after coil pusher removal. RESULTS: Air bubbles were seen during insertion or removal of 23 of 30 coils (76.7%), with volumes ranging from 0 to 23.42 mm3 (median: 0.16 mm3). Air bubbles were observed most frequently after removal of the coil pusher. Significantly larger amounts of air bubbles were observed in Target coils. CONCLUSION: Variable volumes of air bubbles are observed while delivering detachable embolization coils, particularly after removal of the coil pusher and especially with Target coils.
Embolism, Air/*etiology
;
Embolization, Therapeutic/*adverse effects/*instrumentation
;
Intracranial Embolism/*etiology
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
;
Microscopy
;
Risk Assessment
;
Statistics, Nonparametric
3.Recent advances in venous air embolism.
Jing XIA ; Lin-Lin ZHANG ; Xin-Shan CHEN
Journal of Forensic Medicine 2007;23(6):447-449
Air embolism, a life-threatening complication of medical procedure, is a frequently encountered challenge in the forensic practices. It can be easily missed due to ignorance by forensic examiner or it could be difficult to be identified due to prolonged storage of the cadaver. This article reviews the etiological factors, pathophysiological changes, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and the medicolegal identification of air embolism. The authors suggest that modern imaging techniques including echocardiogram, computer tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging play animportant role in the clinical diagnosis and forensic identification of air embolism.
Cause of Death
;
Echocardiography
;
Embolism, Air/pathology*
;
Forensic Pathology
;
Humans
;
Postmortem Changes
;
Pulmonary Embolism/etiology*
;
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
5.A case of pulmonary barotrauma complicated with cerebral arterial air embolism in a diver.
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2021;39(7):538-539
Pulmonary barotrauma is a kind of disease caused by the injury of lung tissue or blood vessel when the gas pressure of lung is too high or too lower than the external pressure of the body, which causes the air to enter the blood vessel and adjacent tissue. It could be happened in the escape of the divers with the light diving equipment or the sailors from submarine. Generally, the decompression chamber was used to treating the disease, and the minimum air pressure of 0.5 MPa recompression therapeutic schedule was used to selecting. In November 2019, a patient with pulmonary barotrauma combined with cerebral arterial gas embolism caused by improper underwater escape with light diving equipment was admitted to the General Hospital of Eastern War Zone. He was treated with 0.12 MPa oxygen inhalation recompression scheme in the oxygen chamber pressurized with air. 7 days later, the patient recovered and discharged.
Barotrauma/complications*
;
Decompression Sickness/complications*
;
Diving/adverse effects*
;
Embolism, Air/etiology*
;
Humans
;
Lung Injury
;
Male
6.Paradoxical Air Embolism during Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Case Report.
Seung Hun SONG ; Bumsik HONG ; Hyung Keun PARK ; Taehan PARK
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2007;22(6):1071-1073
Air embolism is a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Patent foramen ovale, which is necessary in fetal circulation, is a potential route for emboli arising from the venous system to enter the systemic arterial circulation, resulting in paradoxical air embolism syndrome. A case of paradoxical air embolism during percutaneous nephrolithotomy is presented. To our knowledge, this is the first report of paradoxical air embolism associated with patent foramen ovale during percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Adult
;
Diverticulum/surgery
;
Embolism, Air/*etiology
;
Embolism, Paradoxical/*etiology
;
Foramen Ovale, Patent/complications/surgery
;
Humans
;
Intraoperative Complications/*etiology
;
Male
;
Nephrostomy, Percutaneous/*adverse effects
7.Four Cases of a Cerebral Air Embolism Complicating a Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy.
Soo Jung UM ; Soo Keol LEE ; Doo Kyung YANG ; Choonhee SON ; Ki Nam KIM ; Ki Nam LEE ; Yun Seong KIM
Korean Journal of Radiology 2009;10(1):81-84
A percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy is a common procedure in the practice of pulmonology. An air embolism is a rare but potentially fatal complication of a percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy. We report four cases of a cerebral air embolism that developed after a percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy. Early diagnosis and the rapid application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy is the mainstay of therapy for an embolism. Prevention is the best course and it is essential that possible risk factors be avoided.
Adult
;
Aged
;
Biopsy, Needle/*adverse effects/methods
;
Embolism, Air/*etiology/therapy
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Hyperbaric Oxygenation
;
Intracranial Embolism/*etiology/therapy
;
Lung/*pathology
;
Male
;
Radiography, Interventional
8.Massive Paradoxical Air Embolism in Brain Occurring after Central Venous Catheterization: A Case Report.
Seon Sook HAN ; Sam Soo KIM ; Hyun Pyo HONG ; Seo Young LEE ; Seung Joon LEE ; Bong Ki LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2010;25(10):1536-1538
Cerebral air embolism is a rare but fatal complication of central venous catheterization. Here, we report a case of paradoxical cerebral air embolism associated with central venous catheterization. An 85-yr-old man underwent right internal jugular vein catheterization, and became obtunded. Brain MR imaging and CT revealed acute infarction with multiple air bubbles on the side of catheter insertion. The possibility of cerebral air embolism should be considered in patients developing neurological impairment after central venous catheterization, and efforts should be made to limit cerebral damage.
Aged, 80 and over
;
Brain/pathology
;
Catheterization, Central Venous/*adverse effects
;
Echocardiography, Transesophageal
;
Embolism, Air/*etiology/ultrasonography
;
Embolism, Paradoxical/*etiology/ultrasonography
;
Humans
;
Intracranial Embolism/*etiology/ultrasonography
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Male
;
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
10.A Case of Crohn's Disease Presenting with Free Perforation and Portal Venous Gas.
Na Rae HA ; Hang Lak LEE ; Oh Young LEE ; Byung Chul YOON ; Ho Soon CHOI ; Joon Soo HAHM ; Dong Hoo LEE ; Min Ho LEE
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2007;50(5):319-323
Crohn's disease is characterized by its chronic course and transmural inflammation of gastrointestinal tract. The accompanying fibrous reaction and adhesion to adjacent viscera appears to limit the complication of free perforation. The true incidence of free bowel perforation is difficult to assess, however, the anticipated occurrence rate is 1-2% during the course of illness. Moreover, portal venous gas is also an uncommon event in the natural history of Crohn's disease. Portal venous gas occurs when intraluminal gas from the gastrointestinal tract or gas-forming bacteria enters the portal venous circulation. The finding of portal venous gas associated with Crohn's disease does not always mandate surgical intervention. We experienced a case of Crohn's disease presenting with free perforation and portal venous gas. The literatures on the cases with perforation and portal venous gas associated with Crohn's disease were reviewed.
Adult
;
Colonoscopy
;
Crohn Disease/complications/drug therapy/*pathology
;
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Embolism, Air/*diagnosis/etiology
;
Humans
;
Intestinal Perforation/*diagnosis/etiology
;
Male
;
*Portal Vein
;
Tomography, X-Ray Computed