PURPOSE: The study aimed to identify influencing factors associated with the organizational commitment (OC) among hospital nurses. METHODS: A descriptive correlational design was utilized. The subjects of this study were 447 female nurses working for over 6 months in Seoul. The study was based on the data from a self-reported survey using structured questionnaires. The data were collected from September 10 to 30, 2009 and analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean score of the OC was 2.45, slightly higher than the intermediate level. The mean score of the three-dimensional domain among the OC, affective commitment (AC) was 2.50, continuance commitment (CC) was 2.59, and normative commitment (NC) was 2.29. The influencing factors of nurses' AC were perceived organizational support (POS) (beta=.31, p<.001), supervisory trust, job burnout, nursing professionalism, and age, which accounted for 49.7%. The influencing factors of the CC were supervisory trust (beta=.20, p<.001), POS, and job burnout whereas the influencing factors of the NC were POS (beta=.40, p<.001), supervisory trust, nursing professionalism, and job burnout. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop supportive strategies that increase OC, which also improve the POS, nursing professionalism, and supervisory trust, and alleviate job burnout in hospital nurses.
Female ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify family stress, somatization, social support, depression and its influencing factor among middle-aged workers. METHODS: The research was cross-sectional descriptive study. The subjects were 212 middle-aged workers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Data collection was done from May 21 to 31, 2015 using self-reported structured questionnaires asking about general characteristics, family stress, somatization, social support and depression. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. RESULTS: Mean score of family stress was 41.67 (range: 25~125), somatization 17.42 (range: 12~60), social support 69.79 (range: 12~84) and depression 13.01 (range: 0~60) and reported as depression in 34.0%. Social support (beta=-.36, p<.001), somatization (beta=.28, p<.001), family stress (beta=.15, p=.014) had significant association with depression and the most important variable was social support. CONCLUSION: It is suggested to check social support system in middle aged workers and needed to reinforce social support of community based on the relation of occupational category. Also, it is necessary to legalize the institutional devices to prevent and control depression to ensure industrial safety and disaster prevention.
Data Collection ; Depression* ; Disasters ; Family Characteristics ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Seoul ; Somatoform Disorders

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify quality of sleep and its influencing factor among middle-aged male workers. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 411 middle-aged male workers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data were based from self-reported using structured questionnaires asking about low urinary tract symptoms, circadian rhythm, quality of life and sleep quality including general characteristics. The data were collected from September 11 to October 31, 2013 and analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression. RESULTS: Mean score of the sleep quality was 5.03+/-2.57 (range: 0~21) and reported as bad sleep quality in 55.7%. Low urinary tract symptoms (beta=.30, p<.001), circadian rhythm (beta=-.17, p<.001), quality of life (beta=-.14, p<.001) were shown as significant association of sleep quality. CONCLUSION: Strategies to improve sleep quality in middle-aged male workers are necessary and nursing intervention should be developed to improve education program for prevention and management of low urinary tract symptoms. It is also necessary to legalize the institutional devices to upgrade work environment and to place regulations on overtime at work places in order for these workers to obtain sufficient sleep time for recovery of biological rhythms and improving sleep quality.
Circadian Rhythm ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Male ; Nursing ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Social Control, Formal ; Urinary Tract ; Workplace

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships among emotional labor, empowerment, job burnout, and turnover intention. METHODS: The design of this study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The subjects of this study were 358 nurses working for over 6 months in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data were collected from 4th to 30th of September, 2009 through one-to-one interviews. Survey data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression. RESULTS: We find the positive correlation of turnover intention with emotional labor and with job burnout, but the negative correlation of empowerment with job burnout and with turnover intention. The nurses' turnover intention scores were relatively low with 1.30. Job burnout, shift work, and frequency of turnover were predictors of turnover intention. The most powerful predictor variable was job burnout (beta=.420, p<.001). We find that emotional labor and empowerment as determinants of turnover intention are not significant. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that manager should consider shift work of nurses and job burnout in order to manage nurse organization and resource effectively.
Intention ; Power (Psychology)

PURPOSE: This study was done to identity the spiritual state of elderly women who live alone, and factors which affect their spiritual well-being. It was a predictive study using correlations. METHODS: Data were collected to identify spiritual well-being of underprivileged older women who live alone and their demographic characteristics, activities of daily living, social support, self-efficacy, and health promotion behavior. Participants were 210 underprivileged women, over 65 years of age and living in permanent-rented apartments in Kyonggi Province. Collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Scores for spiritual well-being were higher than the medium, 3.77, out of a possible 6. Health promotion behavior (beta=.22, t=3.51, p=.001), religion (beta=.38, t=7.95, p<.001), self-efficacy (beta=.25, t=4.63, p<.001), social support received (beta=.23, t=3.96, p<.001), length of time living alone (beta=.12, t=2.51, p=.013), and age (beta=.11, t=2.24, p=.026) were significant factors affecting spiritual well-being. CONCLUSION: The result of the study indicate that to enhance the well-being of underprivileged elderly women, it is necessary to increase health-promotion activity rates and identify mediation strategies to promote social support and self-efficacy.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Negotiating ; Spirituality

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify quality of sleep and its influencing factor among middle-aged male workers. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 411 middle-aged male workers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data were based from self-reported using structured questionnaires asking about low urinary tract symptoms, circadian rhythm, quality of life and sleep quality including general characteristics. The data were collected from September 11 to October 31, 2013 and analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression. RESULTS: Mean score of the sleep quality was 5.03+/-2.57 (range: 0~21) and reported as bad sleep quality in 55.7%. Low urinary tract symptoms (beta=.30, p<.001), circadian rhythm (beta=-.17, p<.001), quality of life (beta=-.14, p<.001) were shown as significant association of sleep quality. CONCLUSION: Strategies to improve sleep quality in middle-aged male workers are necessary and nursing intervention should be developed to improve education program for prevention and management of low urinary tract symptoms. It is also necessary to legalize the institutional devices to upgrade work environment and to place regulations on overtime at work places in order for these workers to obtain sufficient sleep time for recovery of biological rhythms and improving sleep quality.
Circadian Rhythm ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Male ; Nursing ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Social Control, Formal ; Urinary Tract ; Workplace

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the associated factors of the perceived health status of the elderly in Korea and to provide basic data for developing nursing interventions for the elderly's health management. METHODS: This study used a descriptive correlational research design. The subjects of this study were 335 elderly people over 60 yr living in an urban city. Data were collected through personal interviews using questionnaires from September 2006 to March 2007. Empirical indicators of perceived health status were measured by SF-36, nutritional screening initiative (NSI), activities of daily living (ADL) Index, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression. RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 72.8 and 57.0% of subjects were female. 41.5% of variance in physical health was explained by nutrition, ADL, IADL, and the number of years attending school. Among them the most important factor was ADL. 13.2% of variance in mental health was explained by the number of family, nutrition, and IADL. Among them the most important factor was nutrition. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop supportive interventions for improving the perceived health status of elderly people by considering the most important factors shown in this study.
*Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Frail Elderly/*psychology ; *Health Status ; Homes for the Aged ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Nutritional Status ; Questionnaires ; Urban Population

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify depression and its influencing factor of nurses among comprehensive nursing care service ward. METHODS: The research was cross-sectional descriptive study. The subjects of the study were 173 nurses of comprehensive nursing care service ward in Gyeonggi-do. Data collection was done using self-reported structured questionnaires asking about job stress, emotional labor, job burnout, somatic symptoms, turnover intention, depression and general characteristics from May 16 to June 3, 2016. Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. RESULTS: Mean scores of job stress were 159.15(range 43~215), emotional labor 30.90(range: 9~45), job burnout 59.45 (range: 0~132), somatic symptoms 24.03 (range: 12~60), turnover intention 5.61 (range 0~18) and depression 19.25 (range: 0~60) and reported as depression in 63.6%. Somatic symptoms (β=.26, p<.001), job burnout (β=.37, p<.001) had significant associations with depression and the most important variable was job burnout. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to apply the developed program to reduce job burnout in hospitals and to prevent and/or control depression. And also, it needs to improve working conditions and increase the nursing staff to reduce somatic symptoms for nurses among comprehensive nursing care service ward.
Data Collection ; Depression* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Intention ; Nursing Care* ; Nursing Staff ; Nursing* ; Somatoform Disorders ; Stress, Psychological

Today, increasingly more people worldwide are aware about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, their actual knowledge about ASD is yet unknown. The lack of knowledge about ASD is especially apparent among the lay people in the community. In this study, the lay knowledge of ASD was investigated using a brief survey involving a community sample in Malaysia. The survey findings revealed that the vast majority of the respondents could relate to ASD as a type of learning disability. However, they were less familiar with the diagnostic features and remedial needs of ASD. They also reported limited knowledge about the social communication and language deficits of ASD. Another noteworthy finding was that the respondents reported different sources of obtaining ASD knowledge according to their demographic profiles (namely age, gender, education and occupation), which correspondingly led to variability in the type of knowledge they obtained. Together, the findings implied that content-specific ASD awareness programs through the right channels are warranted for optimizing efficacy in knowledge transfer and minimizing redundancy in existing ASD awareness campaigns. Increased lay knowledge on ASD will provide a public guardian ground for children with ASD to ensure that the challenges faced by them can be identified at an early age for optimizing the remedial outcomes.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the physical function test differences between the faller group and the nonfaller group in a sample of the community-dwelling elderly METHODS: This study used a nonexperimental two-group-comparative study design. The participants were 356 people aged 65 years and over living in an urban area. From May to December 2010, data were collected through personal interviews using questionnaires and measurements of muscle strength, physical endurance, flexibility, motor agility and dynamic balance, and static balance. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi square analysis, and t test. RESULTS: Upper muscle strength was significantly weaker in the faller group (p < .05). Lower muscle strength was significantly weaker in the faller group; both hip flexion (p = .004), knee extension (Right: p = .004; Left: p = .031), left ankle plantar flexion (p = .045), and left ankle inversion (p = .036). Tandem standing with eyes opened and closed was significantly shorter, indicating decreased static balance in the faller group. CONCLUSION: Nurses should make efforts to implement exercise programs focused on physical fitness enhancement for community-dwelling elderly adults for fall prevention.
Accidental Falls ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Ankle ; Eye ; Hip ; Humans ; Knee ; Muscle Strength ; Physical Endurance ; Physical Fitness ; Pliability ; Surveys and Questionnaires