Electrosurgery equipment include high frequency diathermy, Argon plasma coagulation, bipolar vessel-sealing device and radio-frequency surgery. This article aims to introduce the principles and advances of electrosurgery equipment for understanding and safety use.
Electrosurgery ; instrumentation ; Surgical Instruments

Accurate measurements of voltage and current from electrosurgery are the basis of development of electrosurgery with feedback function. We, therefore, developed a parameter measurement system based on PC, with high voltage and current from electrosurgery being sensed with transformers, amplified, filtered, transformed into single-ended signals, and then into RMS signals. The root mean square (RMS) signals were transformed into digital signals through DAQ card and the data was processed in PC with Labview. The process included sampling, displaying and storage. The experiment results indicated that the measurement system could measure the output parameters from electrosurgery steadily and correctly so that the development of the system has been successful. It can be the basis of development of embedded parameters measurement system and can provide accurate feedback information for intellectual electrosurgery.
Electrosurgery ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design

Improvements in surgery have focused on refinements in the ability to dissect and limit blood loss. The electrosurgery unit (ESU) and laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) have been widely used in recent endoscopic surgery. ESU is a form of surgery in which high-frequency (100 kHz-5 MHz) electric currents are used to incise, destroy, and remove tissue and to seal blood vessels in order to maintain hemostasis. The use of lasers in surgery has added a new dimension to operative technique through increased precision, improved hemostasis, and less tissue manipulation. This paper aims to explain the basic principles and applications of electrosurgery and lasers.
Electrosurgery* ; Endoscopy* ; Human ; Laser Surgery* ; Photochemotherapy

The term electrosurgery refers to the passage of high-frequency alternating electrical current through the tissue, to achieve a specific surgical effect. It is used in everyday dermatologic practice for various purposes, including tissue dissection, bleeding control, and the removal of common skin lesions such as viral warts, melanocytic nevi, and cherry angiomas. Considering the nature of the device, adverse effects including skin burn and scarring can occur at any stage of the procedure. Therefore, it is essential that electrosurgery be performed by skilled and well-trained physicians. In this paper, we introduce a brief history of electrosurgery and present its categories and their clinical uses. In addition, the possible adverse effects and safety measures of electrosurgery are addressed.
Burns ; Cicatrix ; Dermatology* ; Electrosurgery* ; Hemangioma ; Hemorrhage ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Skin ; Warts

Colorectal polypectomy is an effective method for prevention of colorectal cancer. Many endoscopic instruments have been used for colorectal polypectomy, such as snares, forceps, endoscopic clips, a Coagrasper, retrieval net, injector, and electrosurgery generator unit (ESU). Understanding the characteristics of endoscopic instruments and their proper use according to morphology and size of the colorectal polyp will enable endoscopists to perform effective polypectomy. I reviewed the characteristics of endoscopic instruments for colorectal polypectomy and their appropriate use, as well as the basic principles and settings of the ESU.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Electrosurgery ; Methods ; Polyps ; SNARE Proteins ; Surgical Instruments

Pyogenic granuloma is one of the common benign vascular tumors of infants and children and it can also occur in adults. There are 25 reports of patients with pyogenic granuloma in the Korean medical literature. In three reports, giant pyogenic granuloma developed over 2 cm in size (1.3 x 0.7 cm, 1.2 x 0.8 cm and 1.1 x 0.7 cm, respectively). There have been no reports in the Korean medical literature of pyogenic granuloma over 2 cm in size. Herein, we report on a giant pyogenic granuloma on the palm of a 72-year old female. The lesion was of an unusually large size of 2.8 x 2.5 x 1.3 cm and we excised it by performing electrosurgery.
Adult ; Child ; Electrosurgery ; Female ; Granuloma ; Granuloma, Pyogenic ; Humans ; Infant

BACKGROUND: The treatment of facial telangiectasia include microsclerotherapy, laser, and electrosurgery. It is important that the treatment for telangiectasia be relatively risk-free, especially avoiding unsightly scarring. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effectiveness, complications, and recurrence rate of patients with facial telangiectasia treated with microsclerotherapy using osmotic sclerosing agent. In addition, we also evaluated the associated factors, the sites of predilection, and types of facial telangiectasia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with facial telangiectasia were treated with microsclerotherapy using osmotic sclerosant(Sclerodex(R)). The procedure was performed at 4 week intervals and on average 2 times. The effectiveness was evaluated by the comparison of photographs monthly during mean 6 months follow-up period. RESULTS: Mean improvement rate was 70% and partial recurrence was observed in 3 cases(20%). Transient bruising(33%), transient pigmentation(7%) and telangiectatic matting(7%) were observed as complications. CONCLUSION: Sclerotherapy with osmotic sclerosant(Sclerodex(R)) is safe and moderately effective; because it usually has more than a good response and minimal complications.
Cicatrix ; Electrosurgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Sclerotherapy ; Telangiectasis*

We here in the paper, not only introduce the development of electricsurgical operation equipment in our country and foreign countries but also represent the characters, principles and usages of several kinds electrosurgical equipment in foreign countries.
Argon ; Catheter Ablation ; instrumentation ; Electrocoagulation ; instrumentation ; Electrosurgery ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Ions

Electrosurgery can pose some risk to patients. Recently we experienced a case of accidental burning. Nine year-old patient received burn at the site of the ECG electrode attached to the right subclavian area during an electrosurgical operation. Even though the cutting and coagulation powers were not so much high, inappropriate earth with the fault of electrosurgical unit might lead to the generation of heat. To avoid recurrence, every electrical instruments should inspected, tested and required to be fault-free. Properly functioning surgical and monitoring units must be used.
Burns* ; Electrocardiography* ; Electrodes* ; Electrosurgery ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency energy on human chondrocyte viability, and to correlate confocal laser microscopy fluorescence to sulfate uptake and to the histological integrity of articular cartilage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The chondroplasty procedure for chondromalacic articular cartilage was performed using a 3.0-mm ArthroWand (Arthroscopic Electrosurgery System, ArthroCare Corporation) on fresh human articular cartilage. Radiofrequency energy was applied to the cartilage surface through the probe at a velocity of 10-mm per second in contact and non-contact mode. Three power settings were used. The treated cartilage was analyzed for chondrocyte viability by confocal laser microscopy and (35)S uptake. RESULTS: Confocal laser microscopy demonstrated partial-thickness chondrocyte death irrespective of treatment method. No mode of treatment or radiofrequency energy power setting resulted in full-thickness chondrocyte death. The depth of cartilage ablation was increased in the treated areas in contact mode in proportion to the power level and the time of treatment. No statistically significant difference in radiolabeled sulfate uptake of the specimens was observed with respect to the treatment modes and power settings. CONCLUSION: The extent of chondrocyte death by radiofrequency energy was not as significant as reported previously when the probe was moved at the speed of 10 mm/sec. Radiofrequency energy may be useful to treat chondromalacic cartilage in a contact mode using a proper energy level and delivery time.
Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular* ; Chondrocytes* ; Electrosurgery ; Fluorescence ; Humans* ; Microscopy, Confocal