Electrophoresis, Capillary ; methods ; Humans ; Micelles ; Paraquat ; blood

OBJECTIVETo determine enantiomeric impurity in levocetirizine tablets by using capillary electrophoresis.

METHODSThe effects of pH and the concentrations of sulfated-Β-cyclodextrin (S-Β-CD) and buffer salt on chiral resolution were examined with S-Β-CD as chiral selector.

RESULTSA good enantioseparation of cetirizine was achieved with 30 mmol/L NaH2PO4 buffer solution (pH 7.0) containing 20 g/L of S-Β-CD.

CONCLUSIONThe method developed in the study is sensitive and reliable for determination of enantiomeric impurity in levocetirizine tablets.

Due to their biological and physiological importance, flavonoids received considerable attention in the literature. This review discusses the widely used analytical method i.e. capillary electrophoresis (CE) including the chiral flavonoids separation and the hyphenation of CE and MS. Techniques used for enhancement of sensitivity such as stacking, sweeping, isotachophoresis etc. were also discussed.
Capillary Electrochromatography ; methods ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; methods ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Isotachophoresis ; methods ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Animals ; Antibody Affinity ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; methods ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; methods

OBJECTIVETo develop a method for analyzing the chemical compositions of Gegen and Fenge extracts using high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE).

METHODSUsing HPCE/DAD, the chemical composition of the extracts was analyzed with the buffer solution of 40 mmol/L borax containing 16.7% methanol, with injection pressure at 137.9 kPa for 5 s, separation voltage at 25 kV in 0-5 min time range and at 22 kV in 5-25 min time range, and the temperature of the capillary of 20 degrees celsius.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONThe method for analysis of Gegen and Fenge extracts was established, which identified puerarin and daidzein as the two major components. This simple and rapid analysis method can be used for Gegen and Fenge extract fingerprinting.

OBJECTIVETo develop a HPCE analysis method for fingerprints of Forsythia suspensa from Hebei province, get reference fingerprint and compare the fingerprints of F. suspensa collected from different producing areas and different parts of the plant.

METHODElectrophoresis was performed on a fused silica capillary column (75 microm x 60 cm, 30 cm). The running buffer was composed of 50 mmol x L(-1) borax (adjust to pH 9.90 with 0.1 mol x L(-1) NaOH). The applied voltage was 15 kV and the temperature was 20 degrees C. The detection wavelength was 214 nm. The semblances to the crude drugs of different producing areas were compared.

RESULTThe mutual mode of HPCE fingerprints was set up with 12 common peaks. The fingerprints of F. suspensa from Hebei province had high similarity, F. suspensa from Shanxi and Henan were also of good quality. The chemical composition in different parts of the herb had big differences.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, quick, accurate and can be used as a new means for the quality control of F. suspensa.

OBJECTIVETo develop a capillary electrophoresis system for enantiomeric impurity test of repaglinide.

METHODSAn uncoated fused silica capillary (50 μm×50 cm, with an effective length of 41 cm) was used. The running buffer was composed of 30 mmol/L NaH2PO4 and 5 mg/ml carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin(pH 3.5).

RESULTSLinear range was 2.00-80.00 μg/ml (correlation coefficient was 0.9993). The average recovery rate was 92.5% to 105.0%.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, accurate and sensitive and it can be used for determination of enantiomeric impurities in repaglinide tablet.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a new method of SNP typing. METHODS: Based on the principle of allele specific PCR and capillary electrophoresis technique, 11 diallelic SNP loci were selected and two forward primers with different length were designed for each SNP, with their 3' ends matched to the two alleles, respectively. An artificially mismatched base was also introduced into the third or fourth base in the 3' end area of the two forward primers in order to enhance the specificity of amplification. A common reverse primer was designed 100-300 bp away from the forward primers, and labeled with fluorescence. The PCR products were separated and analyzed by ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer after all of the 11 SNPs were multiply amplified. RESULTS: A single product peak was observed while the SNP was homozygous, and two product peaks with different height were observed while the SNP was heterozygous. The length of PCR products was different with the different SNPs. According to the length of the products and the number of the product peaks, the genotypes of the 11 SNPs can simultaneously be analyzed, and the results were in accordance with the direct sequencing. CONCLUSION Fragment length discrepant allele specific fluorescence labeled multi-PCR (FLDASFLM-PCR) is a simple, rapid and efficient new method for SNP typing.
Alleles ; Electrophoresis, Capillary/methods* ; Forensic Genetics ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics*

OBJECTIVETo establish a capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry(CE-MS) method for the analysis of nineteen organonitrogen pesticides in Paeoniae Radix Alba.

METHODSCE-MS analysis was performed on a 70 cm X 50 μm fused-silica capillary. The optimal buffer was composed of 1 % formic acid and 15 % methanol(V/V, pH 2.2). The temperature of capillary was controlled at 25 degree. The separation voltage was +20 kV. The optimal MS parameters were as follows: ESI-MS analysis was performed in the positive mode; 90 % methanol containing 0.2 % formic acid with a flow rate of 8 μl·min(-1) was selected as the sheath liquid; the flow rate and temperature of drying gas were 6 L·min(-1) and 250 degree, respectively; The nebulizing gas pressure was set at 5 psig; The optimal values of fragmentor and ESI voltage were 100 V and 5 000 V, respectively.

RESULTSThe nineteen pesticides had good linearity over the testing ranges. The average recoveries were in the range of 80.1 %-108.4 % with RSDs less than 20 % (except ethoxyquin and spiroxamine, those of which were 29.2 % and 22.3 % at 0.01 mg.kg(-1) concentration level). The LODs of nineteen pesticides were 0.503 ≊10.1 μg.kg(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe method can be used effectively to analyze the nineteen organonitrogen pesticides residue in Paeoniae Radix Alba.

Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; Capillary Electrochromatography ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drug Interactions ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; methods ; trends ; Electrophoresis, Microchip ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; metabolism ; Pharmacokinetics ; Platinum ; chemistry ; Stereoisomerism