No abstract available.
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory*

In a systemvalidation of a ambulatory EKG analysis system we examined the HP 43420A ambulatory EKG analysis system(Fa.Hewlett packard, USA). The complete capture module 43405A with the applied software is able to record 24 hours events without single beat lable. Model 43400B patient analyzer records intermittant the EKG events and represents these in the Ambulatory EKG report. By means of the devices 31 patients were examined. Beat-to-beat analysis of the complete full disclosure is visually carried out. Sensitivity and postitve predictive value were 94(96)% and 100% for ventricular ectopic beat(VEB). The sensitivity amounted to 87% in the detecting of VEB pair(couplet), the positive predictive value 94%. VEB Run/VT(ventriular tachycardia) resulted in a sensitivity of 82% and in positive predictive value of 93%. The automatically edited Ambulatory EKG report with his EKG strips is representative of full disclosure and reliable in comparison with the analyzed results of full disclosure. The HP 43420A Ambulatory EKG Analysis system, a new and developed device with all digital recording system and full disclosure capability is found comparable to the best ones of the presently available Holter monitoring system.
Bioengineering* ; Disclosure ; Electrocardiography ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory* ; Humans

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the difference of temporal lability in myocardial repolarization between acute non-Q (NQMI) and Q-wave myocardial infarction (QMI), and to discern whether the locations of myocardial infarction influence such temporal lability. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with NQMI and 28 with QMI, including 16 anterior (AMI) and 12 inferior MI (IMI) patients were enrolled. Twenty four-hour ambulatory ECG recordings of each patient were analyzed, and the digitized data was partitioned into 30-min sections. The QT intervals were measured using a template matching strategy. We then calculated the low (LF:0.03 - 0.15 Hz) and high frequency (HF:0.15 - 0.4 Hz) power of the QT interval variability using an algorithm capable of removing the influence of the RR-interval on QT interval variability (Normalized Idioventricular QT variability Index:IV-QT). RESULTS: For patients with QMI, the low frequency IV QT (LF IV-QT) was higher than that of NQMI (1.941+/-0.101 and 1.556+/-0.114 respectively, p<0.05). No difference was seen in the high frequency IV QT (HF IV-QT) of the two groups. For QMI patients, both the LF IV-QT and HF IV-QT were higher in day time (6AM-6PM) than in night time (6PM-6AM). Comparing the differences of these indices by the location of QMI, both the LF IV-QT and HF IV-QT of AMI were higher than those of IMI patients (2.231+/-0.135 vs 1.355+/-0.131 and 2.341+/-0.161 vs 1.346+/-0.145 respectively, p<0.0005). Both indices of each group also demonstrated a circadian change. CONCLUSION: In cases of QMI, the temporal lability in myocardial repolarization is larger than that seen in NQMI. Moreover, it was worse in AMI than IMI. Finally, such temporal repolarization lability tends to have a circadian pattern in QMI.
Electrocardiography ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction*

Aiming at the ECG performance indicators in the YY 0885-2013 "Medical electrical equipment Part 2: Particular requirements for the safety including essential performance of ambulatory electrocardiographic systems", the traditional detection methods are time-consuming and the test results are greatly affected by human factors. In this paper, an automated detection method is proposed. A set of automatic detection software for ECG performance is designed and developed based on a single-channel ECG recorder, and an automated detection system is set up in combination with standard testing equipment. And then, the MSA tool is used to analyze the repeatability and stability of the detection system, and the results show that the detection system is acceptable, and it can improve detection efficiency.
Electricity ; Electrocardiography ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Humans ; Software

Objective: We studied the efficacy of the power spectral and nonspectral analysis and its diurnal variations for the early detection of the diabetic autonomic neuropathy. METHOD: The spectral and nonspectral analysis of 24hour-Holter monitoring were done for both diabetic neuropathy patients and controls. We also made a comparative analysis of the diurnal variations between the patient and control groups by means of hourly power spectral analysis. RESULT: 1) The power spectral density of the diabetic neuropathy patients was below than that of the normal controls (P<0.05) (Table 2, Fig. 1). 2) The nonspectral analysis of the diabetic neuropathy patients was below than that of the normal controls except for the mean RR intervals (P<0.05) (Table 3). 3) Every hour-power spectral analysis showed a diurnal variation of day time (06:00 to 16:00) decrease in high frequency area of the normal controls. On the contrary, there was a disappearance of the diurnal variation in patient group. CONCLUSION: The power spectral and nonspectral analyses after 24hour-Holter monitoring and its diurnal variation in the diabetic patients are considered as good means of the early detection of autonomic neuropathy, but further study of its diagnostic value will be needed.
Diabetic Neuropathies* ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory* ; Humans

A new handheld fast ECG detector based on low gain amplifier, the high resolution analog to digital converter, the real-time digital filter, fast P-QRS-T wave detection and abstraction algorithm was designed. The results showed that the ECG detector can meet the requirements of fast detecting heart rate and ECG P-QRS-T waveforms.
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design

A kind of real-time remote monitoring embedded terminal which is combined with mobile communication technology and GPS localization technology, has been developed. The results of preliminary experiments show that the terminal can transmit ECG signals and localization information in real time and continuously, supply a real-time monitoring of out-of-hospital cardiac patients and trace the patients.
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Telemedicine ; instrumentation ; Telemetry ; instrumentation

OBJECTIVES: Signal-averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) has been found to be a useful noninvasive technique for identifying patients at risk for life-threatening ventricular tachycardia. Delayed and fragmented activation of abnormal myocardial tissues causes the occurrence of high frequency low amplitude (HFLA) electocardiographic signals or late potentials. Generally, there are two methods in analyzing signal-averaged electrocardiography. Late potentials in the time domain analysis do not provide sufficient diagnostic power with regard to life-threatening Ventricular tachycardia. Buckingham et al. (1989) reported a time-domain sensitivity of 62%, a specificity of 75%. Spectral turbulence analysis (STA) of the signal-averaged ECG is the most recent frequency domain technique to improve the time domain sensitivity and specificity. So, We designed the study to compare the efficacy of Time Domain Analysis and Spectral Turbulence Analysis among five groups (Normal control, QRS widening, Postmyocardial infarction, Frequent VPC's with group beats, Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia). METHODS: 88 patients were selected from the patients who had been admitted between January 1994 and October l994, at National Medical Center. Patients were divided into five groups, which were respectively, Group A: Normal control group (n=33), Group B: QRS widening group (n=14), Group C: Postmyocardial infarction group (n=10), Group D: Frequent VPC's with group beats (n=22), Group E: Nonsustained VT group (n=9). We compared Spectral Turbulence Analysis and Time Domain Analysis of Signal-Averaged Electrocardiogram by 24 hours-Holter monitoring. RESULTS: 1) In normal control group(Group A), 9.1%(3 patients) were positive by Time Domain Analysis, but, all were negative by Spectral Turbulence Analysis. 2) In QRS widening group (Group B), 71.4%(10 patients) were positive by Time Domain Analysis, but, all were negative by Spectral Turbulence Analysis. 3) In postmyocardial infarction group (Group C), 309o were positive by Time Domain Analysis, and 10% were positive by Spectral Turbulence Analysis. 4) In frequent VPC's group (Group D), 22.7% (5 patients) were positive by Time Domain Analysis, and, 4.5%(1 patient) was positive by Spectral Tur-bulence Analysis. 5) In Nonsustained VT group (Group E), 33.3% (3 patients) were positive by Time Domain Analysis, and 11.1% (1 patient) was positive by Spectral Turbulence Analysis. CONCLUSIONS: In Time Domain Analysis, abnormal results were presented at Group R (QRS widening group) by 71.4%, which was markedly higher than other groups. But, in Spectral Turbulence Analysis, abnormal results were not presented at Group A and Group B. In Group A and Group B, Spectral Turbulence Analysis shows less false positive results than Time Domain Analysis.
Electrocardiography* ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory* ; Humans ; Infarction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tachycardia, Ventricular

The antiarrhythmic effect of oral amiodarone was evaluated by 24-hr Holter monitoring in 12 patients with frequent and/or complex ventricular ectopy. Amiodarone was administered as following schedule; 600mg a day for the 1st week, 400mg a day for the 2nd week and 200mg a day, 5 days a week from the 3rd week. In 9 patients, the frequency of VPC decreased significantly or the grade of VPC changed to the more benign grade, so we considered them as "Effective Group" (75%). In 7 patients, both the frequency and the grade of VPC improved, so we considered them as "Excellent Group" (58%). No significant side effect was observed during investigation. We concluded that amiodarone is very effective antiarrhythmic drug and has no serious side effect during a short-term observation.
Amiodarone* ; Appointments and Schedules ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Humans

Heart disease is the major disease that threaten human health. ECG is an important tool for the diagnosis of cardiac disease. As traditional ECG measurement devices have many disadvantages, a non-contact ECG measurement system was designed. With the non-contact electrode based on capacitive coupling, the signals were collected and then they were amplified and filtered. The conditioned analog signal was converted to digital data which was sent to the mobile terminal through bluetooth. Finally, the ECG data was analyzed to extract the key ECG parameters. The results showed that the precise ECG signals can be got with the non-contact electrode and the key ECG parameters can be acquired accurately.
Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Electrodes ; Equipment Design ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted