No abstract available.
Electric Stimulation Therapy* ; Hemorrhoids*

No abstract available.
Biofeedback, Psychology ; Constipation ; Electric Stimulation ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Humans

Tinnitus is a phantom sensation of sound in the absence of external stimulation. Since the mechanism of tinnitus is not clearly discovered, no currently available treatments are ideal. There have been many published studies which report that electrical stimulation has a suppressive effect on tinnitus. Although there is no consensus stimulation method and regimen, electrical stimulation has emerged as an interesting and promising modality for tinnitus relief. In this review, authors collected and analyzed articles on electrical stimulation and outlined various methods of noninvasive and invasive stimulation.
Consensus ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Electric Stimulation* ; Phantom Limb ; Tinnitus*

This paper introduces the current application of various kinds of implantable neuro-stimulator at home and abroad, and also analyzes its development trend.
Electric Stimulation Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Prostheses and Implants

To solve the problem that mostly gait analysis is independent from the treatment, this work proposes a system that integrates the functions of gait training and assessment for foot drop treatment. The system uses a set of sensors to collect gait parameters and designes multi-mode functional electrical stimulators as actuator. Body area network technology is introduced to coordinate the data communication and execution of the sensors and stimulators, synchronize the gait analysis and foot drop treatment. Bluetooth 4.0 is applied to low the power consumption of the system. The system realizes the synchronization of treatment and gait analysis. It is able to acquire and analyze the dynamic parameters of ankle, knee and hip in real-time, and treat patients by guiding functional electrical stimulation delivery to the specific body locations of patients.
Electric Stimulation ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Exercise Therapy ; Gait ; Humans ; Wireless Technology

PURPOSE: We investigated the therapeutic effect of intravesical electrical stimulation (IVES) in enuretic children who showed refractory response to drug therapy, on the basis that IVES induces direct activation of bladder A delta mechanoreceptor afferents which would result in modulation of a central micturition reflex. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 351 enuretic children, the 22 who showed refractory response to drug monotherapy or combination therapy were enrolled in a clinical trial with IVES and then the therapeutic results of IVES and Post-IVES additional drug therapy were evaluated. Therapeutic response was defined when the frequency of bed-wetting was reduced by more than 50%. RESULTS: The rates of therapeutic response to IVES and Post-IVES additional drug therapy were 63.6% and 89.5%, respectively. As compared with Pre-IVES drug therapy, IVES and Post-IVES additional drug therapy showed significant therapeutic effect (p<0.05). Factors such as sex, depth of sleep, attention insufficiency, family history, voiding pattern, frequency of IVES procedure, fecal symptoms and day-time voiding symptoms had no significant impact on therapeutic response to IVES in enuresis (p>0.05). However, there was significant reduction of bed-wetting after IVES in cases with improved day-time voiding symptoms after IVES (p=0.031). CONCLUSIONS: In either a case of enuresis which shows refractory response to drug therapy as a primary modality of treatment or a case of complicated enuresis, IVES and Post-IVES additional drug therapy may produce a therapeutic response.
Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Electric Stimulation Therapy* ; Electric Stimulation* ; Enuresis* ; Humans ; Mechanoreceptors ; Reflex ; Urinary Bladder ; Urination

Stroke is one of the most serious diseases that threaten human life and health. It is a major cause of death and disability in the clinic. New strategies for motor rehabilitation after stroke are undergoing exploration. We aimed to develop a novel artificial neural rehabilitation system, which integrates brain-computer interface (BCI) and functional electrical stimulation (FES) technologies, for limb motor function recovery after stroke. We conducted clinical trials (including controlled trials) in 32 patients with chronic stroke. Patients were randomly divided into the BCI-FES group and the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) group. The changes in outcome measures during intervention were compared between groups, and the trends of ERD values based on EEG were analyzed for BCI-FES group. Results showed that the increase in Fugl Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and Kendall Manual Muscle Testing (Kendall MMT) scores of the BCI-FES group was significantly higher than that in the sham group, which indicated the practicality and superiority of the BCI-FES system in clinical practice. The change in the laterality coefficient (LC) values based on μ-ERD (ΔLC
Electric Stimulation ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Recovery of Function ; Stroke/therapy* ; Stroke Rehabilitation

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Among constipated patients, there is a subgroup of patients who complain about an absent or diminished sense of desire to defecate, suggesting that one of the causes of functional constipation may be impaired rectal sensation. Recently, electrical stimulation therapy (EST) has been used for the treatment of patients with urinary/fecal incontinence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of EST for a subgroup of constipated patients with impaired rectal sensation. METHODS: Of the 130 patients with functional constipation as defined by Rome II criteria, 22 patients who had impaired rectal sensation (rectal desire threshold volume = 90 ml) were selected. Twelve patients were treated with EST and 10 patients with biofeedback therapy (BFT). RESULTS: The overall symptoms of the patients significantly improved after therapy in both groups (p<0.05). Interestingly, the sense of desire to defecate improved only after EST (p<0.05). Moreover, there was significant improvement in anal residual pressure after BFT solely (p<0.05). On the other hand, rectal sensory threshold volumes improved significantly after EST exclusively (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study has revealed that the efficacy of EST can be comparable to BFT in a subgroup of constipated patients, especially with impaired rectal sensation. EST could be considered an adjunctive therapeutic modality for the management of functional constipation with impaired rectal sensation.
Biofeedback, Psychology ; Constipation ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Electric Stimulation* ; Hand ; Humans ; Sensation* ; Sensory Thresholds

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Among constipated patients, there is a subgroup of patients who complain about an absent or diminished sense of desire to defecate, suggesting that one of the causes of functional constipation may be impaired rectal sensation. Recently, electrical stimulation therapy (EST) has been used for the treatment of patients with urinary/fecal incontinence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of EST for a subgroup of constipated patients with impaired rectal sensation. METHODS: Of the 130 patients with functional constipation as defined by Rome II criteria, 22 patients who had impaired rectal sensation (rectal desire threshold volume = 90 ml) were selected. Twelve patients were treated with EST and 10 patients with biofeedback therapy (BFT). RESULTS: The overall symptoms of the patients significantly improved after therapy in both groups (p<0.05). Interestingly, the sense of desire to defecate improved only after EST (p<0.05). Moreover, there was significant improvement in anal residual pressure after BFT solely (p<0.05). On the other hand, rectal sensory threshold volumes improved significantly after EST exclusively (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study has revealed that the efficacy of EST can be comparable to BFT in a subgroup of constipated patients, especially with impaired rectal sensation. EST could be considered an adjunctive therapeutic modality for the management of functional constipation with impaired rectal sensation.
Biofeedback, Psychology ; Constipation ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Electric Stimulation* ; Hand ; Humans ; Sensation* ; Sensory Thresholds

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcome of an early application of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with traditional dysphagia therapy (TDT) versus traditional dysphagia therapy only in acute/subacute ischemic stroke patients with moderate to severe dysphagia by videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS). METHODS: Fifty-seven dysphagic stroke patients were enrolled in a VFSS within 10 days after stroke onset. Patients were randomly assigned into two treatment groups. Thirty-one patients received NMES combined with TDT (NMES/TDT group) and 26 patients received TDT only (TDT group). Electrical stimulation with a maximal tolerable intensity was applied on both suprahyoid muscles for 30 minutes, 5 days per week during 3 weeks. The swallowing function was evaluated at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 weeks after baseline. Outcomes of the VFSS were assessed using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). RESULTS: The mean ages were 63.5+/-11.4 years in the NMES/TDT group and 66.7+/-9.5 years in the TDT group. Both groups showed a significant improvement on the FOIS after treatment. The FOIS score was significantly more improved at 3 and 6 weeks after baseline in the NMES/TDT group than in the TDT group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: An early application of NMES combined with TDT showed a positive effect in acute/subacute ischemic stroke patients with dysphagia. These results indicated that the early application of NMES could be used as a supplementary treatment of TDT to help rehabilitate acute/subacute dysphagic stroke patients by improving their swallowing coordination.
Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders* ; Electric Stimulation ; Electric Stimulation Therapy* ; Humans ; Muscles ; Stroke*