Objective: This study assessed the opinion of mental healthcare professionals on ethical issues in psychiatric research and investigated whether previous research experience had an impact. Methods: Healthcare professionals at a psychiatric institution were invited to participate in this survey. Using a self-administered questionnaire, attitudes on statements covering ethical concerns and consent process in psychiatric research were assessed and responses of participants with and without research experience were compared. Results: Mental health professionals, irrespective of their research backgrounds, acknowledged the importance of training in research ethics and accepted placebo use in psychiatric research. More respondents with research experience felt that patients with mental illnesses are capable of making a decision about research participation, could provide written informed consent and even if involuntarily admitted, had the ability to participate in research. They also considered randomization of treatment to be justified in psychiatric research. Conclusion: Training and update on ethical regulations and requirements for research involving psychiatric subjects could bring about a change in the perspective towards ethical concerns in psychiatric research.

AIMMental health professionals can contribute to generating a strong evidence base for policy and practice in psychiatry. An insight into their perception of psychiatric research is important for planning support strategies. This study explored healthcare professionals' perceptions of barriers, benefits and concerns about psychiatric research in a Singapore psychiatric hospital.

MATERIALS AND METHODSSelf-administered questionnaire was employed to collect socio-demographic data and opinions on research. Likert scale was used for the responses and descriptive statistics and ordinal regression were used for data analysing.

RESULTS93.8% respondents perceived "contribution to medical knowledge/public health" to be a major benefit of conducting research. 86.7% respondents felt that "learning experience" was important. "Prestige/publication" (52.7%) and "financial gain" (76%) were perceived to be unimportant. "Clinical load of patients", "lack of skilled personnel to assist in research" and "insufficient funding" were identified as important barriers by 72.4%, 70.6% and 68.9% respondents. "Time constraints", "patient and family readiness to research participation", "insufficient training" and "concerns about patient welfare" are major concerns while conducting research.

CONCLUSIONTo the study team's best knowledge, this is the only study of mental health professionals' perceptions on psychiatric research. It is useful for strategising research planning and enhancing the research culture in the hospital.

Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Behavioral Medicine ; Behavioral Research ; Cohort Studies ; Data Collection ; Female ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Personnel, Hospital ; Singapore ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of a parameter-free intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) approach in cervical cancer, to assess the optimal b-value threshold, and to preliminarily examine differences in the derived perfusion and diffusion parameters for different histological cancer types. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, 19 female patients (mean age, 54 years; age range, 37–78 years) gave consent and were enrolled in this prospective magnetic resonance imaging study. Clinical staging and biopsy results were obtained. Echo-planar diffusion weighted sequences at 13 b-values were acquired at 3 tesla field strength. Single-sliced region-of-interest IVIM analysis with adaptive b-value thresholds was applied to each tumor, yielding the optimal fit and the optimal parameters for pseudodiffusion (D*), perfusion fraction (F(p)) and diffusion coefficient (D). Monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated for comparison with D. RESULTS: Biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma in 10 patients and adenocarcinoma in 9. The b-value threshold (median [interquartile range]) depended on the histological type and was 35 (22.5–50) s/mm² in squamous cell carcinoma and 150 (100–150) s/mm² in adenocarcinoma (p < 0.05). Comparing squamous cell vs. adenocarcinoma, D* (45.1 [25.1–60.4] × 10⁻³ mm²/s vs. 12.4 [10.5–21.2] × 10⁻³ mm²/s) and F(p) (7.5% [7.0–9.0%] vs. 9.9% [9.0–11.4%]) differed significantly between the subtypes (p < 0.02), whereas D did not (0.89 [0.75–0.94] × 10⁻³ mm²/s vs. 0.90 [0.82–0.97] × 10⁻³ mm²/s, p = 0.27). The residuals did not differ (0.74 [0.60–0.92] vs. 0.94 [0.67–1.01], p = 0.32). The ADC systematically underestimated the magnitude of diffusion restriction compared to D (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The parameter-free IVIM approach is feasible in cervical cancer. The b-value threshold and perfusion-related parameters depend on the tumor histology type.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diffusion ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Epithelial Cells ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Perfusion ; Perfusion Imaging ; Prospective Studies ; Technology Assessment, Biomedical ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*