Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder causing dry eye or dry mouth from the lymphocytic infiltration in the lacrimal gland and the salivary gland. Renal involvement is seen in about 20-40% of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. Tubulointerstitial nephritis is the most common renal complication in primary Sjogren's syndrome. However, glomerulonephritis such as membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, membranous glomerulonephritis rarely may complicate primary Sjogren's syndrome. Sjogren's syndrome associated with glomerulonephritis hasn't been reproted yet in Korea. We report nephrotic syndrome associated with membranous glomerulonephritis in a case with primary Sjogren's syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome resolved after treatment with corticosteroid.
Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Humans ; Korea ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Mouth ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Salivary Glands ; Sjogren's Syndrome*

Presbycusis, a bilateral sensorineural hearing loss caused by changes in the inner ear, is related to multiple factors such as noise exposure and otologic disease. In institute-based studies, we tried to determine the incidence of presbycusis in Korean populations living in Seoul, Kyunggi and Kangwon provinces by gender and age groups. The subjects were people who had visited health promotion centers. Pure tone audiometry was done over 20 years on 6,028 subjects. In a community-based study, the subjects were elderly residents of Kanghwa-do area. There were no obvious factors that could cause hearing impairment in the subjects. For the pure tone audiometry, hearing threshold was obtained by using the six-dimension method. The incidence of presbycusis for subjects aged 65 years and older was 37.8% and 8.3% for > or = 27 dB HL criterion and > or = 41 dB HL criterion, respectively. The incidence increased with age. A statistically significant difference in the hearing threshold was found between men and women aged 65 years or older. No differences were found between the community-based study and the institute- based studies. There was a high incidence (about 40%) of presbycusis among Koreans aged 65 years or older (for > or = 27 dB HL criterion). With an aging population, we anticipate that this report could be used to provide a basic data for the study of presbycusis.
Adult ; Aged ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Auditory Threshold ; Female ; Frail Elderly ; Health Promotion ; Human ; Incidence ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Age ; Presbycusis/epidemiology* ; Presbycusis/diagnosis

Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare clinical presentation of localized non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and it makes up 0.04~1.1% of all breast tumors and it is 0.38~0.7% of all NHLs. The prognosis and patterns of relapse of PBL are still not clearly defined. The clinical features of PBL are different from those of breast carcinoma and the usual form of lymphoma. These features are a rapidly enlarging breast mass, multiple lesions, the absence of nipple discharge and retraction, and softer axillary lymph nodes as compared to the metastatic lymph nodes from breast carcinoma. B symptoms are unusual in PBL. A 30-year-old pregnant woman was admitted due to dysarthria and right side weakness that she had experienced for 7 days. She had several medical problems: intrauterine pregnancy at 34 weeks, some neurologic deficits and enlargement of both breasts. A biopsy from the breast and a brain magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed diffuse large B cell lymphoma and multiple brain metastases, respectively. After delivery of a healthy, premature infant by Cesarean section, whole brain radiation therapy and combination chemotherapy (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisone) were started. She showed good response to therapy. We report here on this unusual case and we review the related literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Brain* ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Cesarean Section ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Dysarthria ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Nipples ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Vincristine