No abstract available.
Chloroquine* ; Edetic Acid* ; Glycine* ; Immunoglobulin G*

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effects of anticoagulants used in blood sampling and time of mesurements after blood collection on D-dimer determinations. METHODS: A total of 32 samples of sodium citrated plasma, and 23 samples each of serum and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) plasma, were studied. D-dimer was measured by enzyme linked fluorescent assay using a VIDAS analyzer. RESULTS: The mean+/-SD (median) of D-dimer titers in citrated plasma, serum, and EDTA plasma samples immediately after blood collection were 282.7+/-201.1 (224.6) microgram/L, 255.1+/-206.8 (197.3) microgram/L, and 313.3+/-230.8 (246.4) microgram/L respectively. The results obtained for the three different sample groups were well correlated. While the upper limit of the reference range for D-dimer for citrated plasma has been set at 500 microgram/L, the cut-off values for serum and EDTA plasma were 400 microgram/L (100%sensitivity and specificity), and 585 microgram/L (100% sensitivity and 94.7% specificity), respectively CONCLUSIONS: In addition to citrated plasma, both serum and EDTA plasma can be used for D-dimer assay. A delay in the time of measurements after blood collection does not influence the results significantly.
Anticoagulants* ; Edetic Acid ; Plasma ; Reference Values ; Sodium

With the increasing availability of genetic tests, more doctors are offering and ordering such tests for their patients. Ordering a genetic test appears to be a simple process of filling in paperwork, drawing 3 mL of blood in an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tube and receiving a test report. This is identical to sending off a full blood count. However, it is far more complex than that. There are many potential pitfalls, as shown by the increasing number of complaints and lawsuits filed against doctors and allied health staff. Furthermore, clinical genetics involves more than just ordering tests; in fact, focusing on genetic tests alone is a potential pitfall. In this review, we discuss the common pitfalls in clinical genetics and how doctors can avoid these pitfalls to ensure patient safety and to safeguard their practice.
Humans ; Edetic Acid ; Fenbendazole ; Patient Safety ; Physicians

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of three acids on the microhardness of set mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and root dentin, and cytotoxicity on murine macrophage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: OrthoMTA (BioMTA) was mixed and packed into the human root dentin blocks of 1.5 mm diameter and 5 mm height. Four groups, each of ten roots, were exposed to 10% citric acid (CA), 5% glycolic acid (GA), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and saline for five minutes after setting of the OrthoMTA. Vickers surface microhardness of set MTA and dentin was measured before and after exposure to solutions, and compared between groups using one-way ANOVA with Tukey test. The microhardness value of each group was analyzed using student t test. Acid-treated OrthoMTA and dentin was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cell viability of tested solutions was assessed using WST-8 assay and murine macrophage. RESULTS: Three test solutions reduced microhardness of dentin. 17% EDTA demonstrated severe dentinal erosion, significantly reduced the dentinal microhardness compared to 10% CA (p = 0.034) or 5% GA (p = 0.006). 10% CA or 5% GA significantly reduced the surface microhardness of set MTA compared to 17% EDTA and saline (p < 0.001). Acid-treated OrthoMTA demonstrated microporous structure with destruction of globular crystal. EDTA exhibited significantly more cellular toxicity than the other acidic solutions at diluted concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Tested acidic solutions reduced microhardness of root dentin. Five minute's application of 10% CA and 5% GA significantly reduced the microhardness of set OrthoMTA with lower cellular cytotoxicity compared to 17% EDTA.
Cell Survival ; Citric Acid ; Dentin* ; Edetic Acid ; Humans ; Macrophages* ; Pemetrexed

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of three acids on the microhardness of set mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and root dentin, and cytotoxicity on murine macrophage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: OrthoMTA (BioMTA) was mixed and packed into the human root dentin blocks of 1.5 mm diameter and 5 mm height. Four groups, each of ten roots, were exposed to 10% citric acid (CA), 5% glycolic acid (GA), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and saline for five minutes after setting of the OrthoMTA. Vickers surface microhardness of set MTA and dentin was measured before and after exposure to solutions, and compared between groups using one-way ANOVA with Tukey test. The microhardness value of each group was analyzed using student t test. Acid-treated OrthoMTA and dentin was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cell viability of tested solutions was assessed using WST-8 assay and murine macrophage. RESULTS: Three test solutions reduced microhardness of dentin. 17% EDTA demonstrated severe dentinal erosion, significantly reduced the dentinal microhardness compared to 10% CA (p = 0.034) or 5% GA (p = 0.006). 10% CA or 5% GA significantly reduced the surface microhardness of set MTA compared to 17% EDTA and saline (p < 0.001). Acid-treated OrthoMTA demonstrated microporous structure with destruction of globular crystal. EDTA exhibited significantly more cellular toxicity than the other acidic solutions at diluted concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Tested acidic solutions reduced microhardness of root dentin. Five minute's application of 10% CA and 5% GA significantly reduced the microhardness of set OrthoMTA with lower cellular cytotoxicity compared to 17% EDTA.
Cell Survival ; Citric Acid ; Dentin* ; Edetic Acid ; Humans ; Macrophages* ; Pemetrexed

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Citric Acid* ; Edetic Acid* ; Platelet Count* ; Pyridoxal*

BACKGROUND: Vacuum tubes are widely used in the clinical laboratory for routine tests. We compared a newly developed Green Vac-Tube (SPM, Gimje, Korea) with Vacutainer (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and Vacuette (Greiner Bio-One, Frickenhausen, Germany) in routine chemistry and hematology tests. METHODS: A total of 101 volunteers, 81 patients and 20 healthy volunteer, were recruited and we had collected blood samples with three kinds of EDTA tubes and those of serum separating tubes. The samples were evaluated for chemistry and hematology tests using TOSHIBA 200FR (Toshiba, Tokyo, Japan) and ADVIA (Siemens, Deerfield, IL, USA) respectively. Their results were statistically analyzed by paired t-test and Bland-Altman plot. RESULTS: Their clinical utilities were examined by CLIA'88 programs. Paired t-test analysis revealed that the results of ALP, AST, total bilirubin, CO2, Hct and MCV showed statistically significant differences between Green Vac-Tube and previously used two vacuum tubes. Similar significant differences were also observed between previous two vacuum tubes. And 194 (4.37%) cases among 5,151 cases were in the critical region by Bland-Altman plot. All different cases, except Na+, K+ however, were clinically acceptable by CLIA'88 programs. CONCLUSIONS: Green Vac-tube has good analytical performance compared to previously-used tubes.
Bilirubin ; Edetic Acid ; Hematology ; Humans ; Lakes ; Tokyo ; Vacuum

PURPOSE: The aim was to evaluate the effect of curing mode and different dentin surface pretreatment on microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of self-adhesive resin cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six extracted human permanent molars were sectioned horizontally exposing flat dentin surface. The teeth were divided into 12 groups (3 teeth/group) according to the dentin surface pretreatment methods (control, 18% EDTA, 10% Polyacrylic acid) and curing mode (self-curing vs. light-curing) of cement. After pretreatment, composite resin blocks were cemented with the following: (a) G-CEM LinkAce; (b) RelyX U200, followed by either self-curing or light-curing. After storage, the teeth were sectioned and microTBS test was performed using a microtensile testing machine. The data was statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Student T-test and Scheffe's post-hoc test at P<.05 level. RESULTS: For G-CEM LinkAce cement groups, polyacrylic acid pretreatment showed the highest microTBS in the self-cured group. In the light-cured group, no significant improvements were observed according to the dentin surface pretreatment. There were no significant differences between curing modes. Both dentin surface pretreatment methods helped to increase the microTBS of RelyX U200 resin cement significantly and degree of pretreatment effect was similar. No significant differences were found regarding curing modes except control groups. In the comparisons of two self-adhesive resin cements, all groups within the same pretreatment and curing mode were significantly different excluding self-cured control groups. CONCLUSION: Selecting RelyX U200 used in this study and application of dentin surface pretreatment with EDTA and polyacrylic acid might be recommended to enhance the bond strength of cement to dentin.
Dentin* ; Edetic Acid ; Humans ; Molar ; Resin Cements* ; Tooth

PURPOSE: The in vitro dissolution of intrahepatic stones was evaluated using the various solvent mixtures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty four intrahepatic stones from 16 patients were used. Four kinds of solvent mixtures(No. 1 = basic buffer + EDTA, No. 2=1 + Sulfobetain-12, No. 3=2 + N-acetylcysteine, No. 4=3 + urea) were used. Dissolution rates were determined by measuring the weight loss of stones after 6, 12, 24, 48 hours incubation periods, respectively. RESULTS: The highest dissolution rates in dissolving intrahepatic stones were achieved with No. 4 solvent mixture(1% W/V EDTA/80mM, Sulfobetain-12/1 M, urea, pH 9.5). CONCLUSION: lntrahepatic stones could be largely dissolved up to about 70% of their initial weight after 48 hours incubation period in vitro.
Acetylcysteine ; Edetic Acid ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Urea ; Weight Loss

BACKGROUND: The use of point-of-care (POC) devices for evaluating HbA1c is increasing; accordingly, comparisons between these devices and central laboratory methods are important. In the present study, we evaluated the analytical performance of the cobas b 101 analyzer for POC HbA1c testing. METHODS: The analytical quality of the cobas b 101 system was assessed based on repeatability, within-laboratory precision, linearity, and lot-to-lot reproducibility. Two specimen types, i.e., EDTA whole blood and capillary blood, were examined using the cobas b 101 system and the Variant II Turbo instrument. RESULTS: The coefficient of variation for within laboratory precision was 5.22% for a normal HbA1c level and 2.56% for a higher HbA1c level. The method showed good linearity, with a coefficient of correlation of 0.990. In a comparison of two different HbA1c disk lots, a strong correlation (r=0.986) and a mean %difference of −2.9% were observed. The cobas b 101 results using EDTA whole blood were strongly correlated with the Variant II Turbo results (r=0.958), with a mean %difference of 0.8%; the cobas b 101 results using capillary blood were strongly correlated with the Variant II Turbo results, using EDTA whole blood (r=0.976), with a mean %difference of 2.0%. A comparison between HbA1c levels in EDTA whole blood and capillary blood obtained using the cobas b 101 showed a strong correlation (r=0.985) and a mean %difference of 1.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The cobas b 101 analyzer is convenient for the measurement of HbA1c levels for diabetes management.
Capillaries ; Edetic Acid ; Methods ; Point-of-Care Systems* ; Point-of-Care Testing*