BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effects of anticoagulants used in blood sampling and time of mesurements after blood collection on D-dimer determinations. METHODS: A total of 32 samples of sodium citrated plasma, and 23 samples each of serum and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) plasma, were studied. D-dimer was measured by enzyme linked fluorescent assay using a VIDAS analyzer. RESULTS: The mean+/-SD (median) of D-dimer titers in citrated plasma, serum, and EDTA plasma samples immediately after blood collection were 282.7+/-201.1 (224.6) microgram/L, 255.1+/-206.8 (197.3) microgram/L, and 313.3+/-230.8 (246.4) microgram/L respectively. The results obtained for the three different sample groups were well correlated. While the upper limit of the reference range for D-dimer for citrated plasma has been set at 500 microgram/L, the cut-off values for serum and EDTA plasma were 400 microgram/L (100%sensitivity and specificity), and 585 microgram/L (100% sensitivity and 94.7% specificity), respectively CONCLUSIONS: In addition to citrated plasma, both serum and EDTA plasma can be used for D-dimer assay. A delay in the time of measurements after blood collection does not influence the results significantly.
Anticoagulants* ; Edetic Acid ; Plasma ; Reference Values ; Sodium

No abstract available.
Chloroquine* ; Edetic Acid* ; Glycine* ; Immunoglobulin G*

With the increasing availability of genetic tests, more doctors are offering and ordering such tests for their patients. Ordering a genetic test appears to be a simple process of filling in paperwork, drawing 3 mL of blood in an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tube and receiving a test report. This is identical to sending off a full blood count. However, it is far more complex than that. There are many potential pitfalls, as shown by the increasing number of complaints and lawsuits filed against doctors and allied health staff. Furthermore, clinical genetics involves more than just ordering tests; in fact, focusing on genetic tests alone is a potential pitfall. In this review, we discuss the common pitfalls in clinical genetics and how doctors can avoid these pitfalls to ensure patient safety and to safeguard their practice.
Humans ; Edetic Acid ; Fenbendazole ; Patient Safety ; Physicians

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of three acids on the microhardness of set mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and root dentin, and cytotoxicity on murine macrophage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: OrthoMTA (BioMTA) was mixed and packed into the human root dentin blocks of 1.5 mm diameter and 5 mm height. Four groups, each of ten roots, were exposed to 10% citric acid (CA), 5% glycolic acid (GA), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and saline for five minutes after setting of the OrthoMTA. Vickers surface microhardness of set MTA and dentin was measured before and after exposure to solutions, and compared between groups using one-way ANOVA with Tukey test. The microhardness value of each group was analyzed using student t test. Acid-treated OrthoMTA and dentin was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cell viability of tested solutions was assessed using WST-8 assay and murine macrophage. RESULTS: Three test solutions reduced microhardness of dentin. 17% EDTA demonstrated severe dentinal erosion, significantly reduced the dentinal microhardness compared to 10% CA (p = 0.034) or 5% GA (p = 0.006). 10% CA or 5% GA significantly reduced the surface microhardness of set MTA compared to 17% EDTA and saline (p < 0.001). Acid-treated OrthoMTA demonstrated microporous structure with destruction of globular crystal. EDTA exhibited significantly more cellular toxicity than the other acidic solutions at diluted concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Tested acidic solutions reduced microhardness of root dentin. Five minute's application of 10% CA and 5% GA significantly reduced the microhardness of set OrthoMTA with lower cellular cytotoxicity compared to 17% EDTA.
Cell Survival ; Citric Acid ; Dentin* ; Edetic Acid ; Humans ; Macrophages* ; Pemetrexed

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of three acids on the microhardness of set mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and root dentin, and cytotoxicity on murine macrophage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: OrthoMTA (BioMTA) was mixed and packed into the human root dentin blocks of 1.5 mm diameter and 5 mm height. Four groups, each of ten roots, were exposed to 10% citric acid (CA), 5% glycolic acid (GA), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and saline for five minutes after setting of the OrthoMTA. Vickers surface microhardness of set MTA and dentin was measured before and after exposure to solutions, and compared between groups using one-way ANOVA with Tukey test. The microhardness value of each group was analyzed using student t test. Acid-treated OrthoMTA and dentin was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cell viability of tested solutions was assessed using WST-8 assay and murine macrophage. RESULTS: Three test solutions reduced microhardness of dentin. 17% EDTA demonstrated severe dentinal erosion, significantly reduced the dentinal microhardness compared to 10% CA (p = 0.034) or 5% GA (p = 0.006). 10% CA or 5% GA significantly reduced the surface microhardness of set MTA compared to 17% EDTA and saline (p < 0.001). Acid-treated OrthoMTA demonstrated microporous structure with destruction of globular crystal. EDTA exhibited significantly more cellular toxicity than the other acidic solutions at diluted concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Tested acidic solutions reduced microhardness of root dentin. Five minute's application of 10% CA and 5% GA significantly reduced the microhardness of set OrthoMTA with lower cellular cytotoxicity compared to 17% EDTA.
Cell Survival ; Citric Acid ; Dentin* ; Edetic Acid ; Humans ; Macrophages* ; Pemetrexed

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Citric Acid* ; Edetic Acid* ; Platelet Count* ; Pyridoxal*

BACKGROUND: Vacuum tubes are widely used in the clinical laboratory for routine tests. We compared a newly developed Green Vac-Tube (SPM, Gimje, Korea) with Vacutainer (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and Vacuette (Greiner Bio-One, Frickenhausen, Germany) in routine chemistry and hematology tests. METHODS: A total of 101 volunteers, 81 patients and 20 healthy volunteer, were recruited and we had collected blood samples with three kinds of EDTA tubes and those of serum separating tubes. The samples were evaluated for chemistry and hematology tests using TOSHIBA 200FR (Toshiba, Tokyo, Japan) and ADVIA (Siemens, Deerfield, IL, USA) respectively. Their results were statistically analyzed by paired t-test and Bland-Altman plot. RESULTS: Their clinical utilities were examined by CLIA'88 programs. Paired t-test analysis revealed that the results of ALP, AST, total bilirubin, CO2, Hct and MCV showed statistically significant differences between Green Vac-Tube and previously used two vacuum tubes. Similar significant differences were also observed between previous two vacuum tubes. And 194 (4.37%) cases among 5,151 cases were in the critical region by Bland-Altman plot. All different cases, except Na+, K+ however, were clinically acceptable by CLIA'88 programs. CONCLUSIONS: Green Vac-tube has good analytical performance compared to previously-used tubes.
Bilirubin ; Edetic Acid ; Hematology ; Humans ; Lakes ; Tokyo ; Vacuum

PURPOSE: The in vitro dissolution of intrahepatic stones was evaluated using the various solvent mixtures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty four intrahepatic stones from 16 patients were used. Four kinds of solvent mixtures(No. 1 = basic buffer + EDTA, No. 2=1 + Sulfobetain-12, No. 3=2 + N-acetylcysteine, No. 4=3 + urea) were used. Dissolution rates were determined by measuring the weight loss of stones after 6, 12, 24, 48 hours incubation periods, respectively. RESULTS: The highest dissolution rates in dissolving intrahepatic stones were achieved with No. 4 solvent mixture(1% W/V EDTA/80mM, Sulfobetain-12/1 M, urea, pH 9.5). CONCLUSION: lntrahepatic stones could be largely dissolved up to about 70% of their initial weight after 48 hours incubation period in vitro.
Acetylcysteine ; Edetic Acid ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Urea ; Weight Loss

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of EDTA and pulsed Nd:YAG laser on apical leakage of canal obturation. Forty-eight single-rooted teeth were used in this study. The teeth were instrumented up to a size 40 K-file and irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl between each file size. And the teeth were divided into 4 groups. In group A, the root canals were irrigated with a final flush of 5ml 2.5% NaOCl as a control group. The teeth in group B were irrigated with a final flush of 5ml 17% EDTA. The teeth in group C and D were irradiated by pulsed Nd:YAG laser(laser parameters were set at 1W, 100mJ, 10Hz, and 2W, 100mJ, 20Hz respectively). The results were as follows: 1. Apical leakage was observed in 50% of samples in group A, 30% of samples in group B, 20% of samples in group C, and 10% of samples in group D. 2. The teeth in group B had less leakage than group A, but there was no statistically significant differences(p>0.05). 3. The teeth in group C, D had less leakage than group A, and there was statistically significant differences(p<0.05). 4. The teeth in group C, D had less leakage than group B, but there was no statistically significant differences(p>0.05). 5. There was no significant differences in apical leakage between group C and group D(p>0.05).
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Edetic Acid* ; Smear Layer ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been useful as a diagnostic tool to define heart failure. Recently, the BNP assay was used on an automated immunochemistry platform. Studies included precision, analytical correlation between the Biosite Triage BNP assay and Bayer ADVIA Centaur BNP assay. METHODS: Between February 22, 2005 and March 4, 2005, 66 cases were anal-yzed. For the BNP measurement, 3 mL blood samples were collected in plastic tubes containing EDTA. Precision was analyzed with 20 repeat tests in 3 different control levels. RESULTS: The ADVIA Centaur assay had between-run precision (CV) of 3.9%, 3.7%, and 3.7% at BNP concentrations of 41.39, 420.08, and 1671.73 ng/L, respectively. The correlation between the ADVIA Centaur and Triage was as follows: ADVIA Centaur=0.753(Triage)-21.888 ng/L (r=0.94). At a cutoff of 100 ng/L, however, the diagnostic agreement was 89.4%. CONCLUSIONS: The ADVIA Centaur BNP assay is the first commercially available BNP assay using an automated immunochemistry platform. This assay has good analytical and clinical performances and agreement with the Biosite Triage BNP Assay.
Edetic Acid ; Heart Failure ; Immunochemistry ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Plastics ; Triage*