OBJECTIVETo analyze the dental care utilization and expenditure of residents in Beijing, and to provide some basis on the policy of oral health insurance system.

METHODSA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,517 subjects (urban area) and 1,878 subjects (rural area) of all age groups in Beijing selected by stratified, clustering, random sampling. The data of oral health care utilization and expenditure were collected in their home.

RESULTSThe number of the people who visited a dentist in a year were low both in urban area and in rural area, but the expenditure for oral health care per visit were quite high. The value of utilization of dental care in rural residents was 1/3 of that in urban residents, while the value of expenditure in rural people was about 1/2 of that in urban people. 2.07% incomes of rural residents were used for dental care per year, the corresponding value of urban residents was 1.77%. There was significant difference on the expenditure among those with different demographic, socio-economic backgrounds.

CONCLUSIONSThe expenditure for oral health care was high in Beijing, which accounted for quite a lot in average incomes per year. The burden of expenditure for dental care on rural residents was heavier than that on urban residents. The level of expenditure for dental care could provide some references for oral health insurance system in Beijing.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Dental Health Services ; economics ; statistics & numerical data ; Fees, Dental ; Female ; Health Services Accessibility ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Insurance, Dental ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rural Health Services ; statistics & numerical data ; Urban Health Services ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) on the progress of dental research from 1986 to 2010.

METHODSThe data regarding the NSFC allocated to dental and craniofacial research from 1986 to 2010 were collected. Total expenses and numbers of the majority of programs and the situation of completed program finished in recent 7 years were provided.

RESULTSFrom 1986 to 2010, a total of 922 projects and 204 401 thousands Chinese Yuan supported by NSFC were allocated to dental research. The detailed allocations were as follows: general program (564), young scientists fund (258), regional fund (40), key program (11), national science fund for distinguished young scholars (5), major international (regional) joint research program (1), others (43). The grants of talent training increased dramatically. Taking the projects (307) completed between 2003 and 2009 for example, 307 papers were published in Science Citation Index (SCI) included journals and 1049 papers were published on Chinese journals. By the time of completion of the projects, 39 post-doctoral students, 590 students for PhD degree and 670 students for Master degree had been trained.

CONCLUSIONSOver the past 25 years, the continuous increase of NSF on dental research has led to substantial achievement, resulting in great progress of dental oral-cranio-facial research.

China ; Economics, Dental ; Financial Support ; Financing, Organized ; Foundations ; economics ; Oral Medicine ; economics ; Research Support as Topic ; economics ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the value of child oral health for Chengdu parents, their intentions, and factors influencing their decision to acquire oral insurance coverage for their childrens.

METHODSA total of 562 Chengdu parents were interviewed using questionnaires by convenient sampling, and the results were analyzed using SPSS 20.0.

RESULTSThe age of children (B = -1.741, P = 0.004), age of parents (B = 2.031, P = 0.003), level of oral discomfort (B = 0.569, P = 0.000), incurring/not incurring oral care expenses in the previous year (B = 1.897, P = 0.014), the last time parents' had teeth cleaned (B = 0.777, P = 0.006), and acquiring/not acquiring commercial insurance coverage (B = 1.632, P = 0.031) significantly influenced the intention of acquiring child oral insurance.

CONCLUSIONChild oral health, health and insurance awareness of parents, and other factors influenced the intention of parents to purchase oral insurance coverage for their children, which were significant to establish pediatric dental insurance.

Child ; China ; Dental Care ; Health Expenditures ; Humans ; Insurance, Dental ; economics ; Oral Health ; economics ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo determine the economic effects on the prevention of dental fear (DF) by pre-operation-education or local anesthesia method during the process of tooth filling.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty school children of age 7 to 12, participating in this study, suffered from occlusal caries on their mandibular first molars. They were divided into 3 groups, with 25 boys and 25 girls each. Group A (pre-operation-education) was showed video tape on caries to, familiarized with clinic environment, including dental chairs and instruments; Group B (local anesthesia) received injection of 1.8 ml of 2% lidocaine for local anesthesia about 15 minutes before treatment; Group C (blank) received no intervention for DF. Thereafter, all subjects received same filling treatment. During that process, each DF case was evaluated blindly based on Venham's clinical ratings of anxiety and cooperation. Cost-minimization analysis was then studied.

RESULTSSignificant difference was found between groups, but not between group A and B in DF rate (5/50, 9/50 and 21/50, chi(2) = 15.503 1, P = 0.000 4). The costs of each case in 3 groups were 83.99 Yuan, 87.09 Yuan and 87.76 Yuan respectively.

CONCLUSIONBetween pre-operation-education and local anesthesia methods, the former was worth promoted for it's better clinical effect in DF prevention with lower cost.

Child ; Dental Anxiety ; economics ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Dental Caries ; therapy ; Dental Cavity Preparation ; economics ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male

AIMTo examine what impact the loss of funding had on the utilization of the oral pathology service.

METHODOLOGYBiopsy records were retrieved and examined in the two year period before and after the elimination of the subsidies in 2003.

RESULTSAfter the loss of funding, there was a 31% decrease in the number of specimens submitted from practitioners in private practice, with the greatest drop noted in submissions from endodontists.

CONCLUSIONDespite the immediate decrease in the number of biopsies submitted after the introduction of fee-for-service, the number of specimens being submitted appears to be on the rise again, as practitioners appear to recognize the value of a specialized oral pathology diagnostic service.

Biopsy ; economics ; utilization ; Diagnosis, Oral ; economics ; Diagnostic Services ; economics ; utilization ; Endodontics ; Fee-for-Service Plans ; economics ; utilization ; Financial Support ; General Practice, Dental ; Humans ; Pathology Department, Hospital ; economics ; Pathology, Oral ; economics ; Periodontics ; Private Practice ; utilization ; Retrospective Studies ; Schools, Dental ; economics ; Specimen Handling ; economics ; utilization ; Surgery, Oral

Evidence-based management of medical disposable materials pays attention to collect evidence comprehensively and systematically, accumulate and create evidence through its own work and also evaluate evidence strictly. This can be used as a function to guide out job. Medical disposable materials evidence system contains product register qualification, product quality certification, supplier's behavior, internal and external communication evidence. Managers can find different ways in creating and using evidence referring to specific inside and outside condition. Evidence-based management can help accelerating the development of management of medical disposable materials from traditional experience pattern to a systematic and scientific pattern. It also has the very important meaning to improve medical quality, control the unreasonable growth of medical expense and make purchase and supply chain be more efficient.
Biomedical and Dental Materials ; economics ; supply & distribution ; Disposable Equipment ; economics ; supply & distribution ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Purchasing, Hospital ; organization & administration

China ; Health Education, Dental ; Humans ; Periodontal Diseases ; therapy ; Periodontics ; economics ; manpower

OBJECTIVETo discuss the relations of dental fluorosis and the social economic status in fluorosis-stricken villages where drying the corn by burning coal was prevail.

METHODSA total of 6 fluorosis-endemic villages and one non-endemic village were involved in the study. The general fluorine intake and the concentrations of fluorine in corn, in the pupils' were tested. Dental fluorosis among the pupils was also examen. A individual interview or household questionnaire survey was conducted to probe the economic condition and staple food structure in 600 adults.

RESULTSThe fluorosis prevalence was lower in the villages of transportation convenience, higher income, less coal-dried corn intake. There was a declining trend of dental fluorosis in the corresponding age groups (r: 0.912, 0.916; P < 0.05); There was no significant changes in age-specified dental fluorosis in the low income villages. The correlation (r) of corn fluorine concentration and student's age-specified dental fluorosis prevalence and disparity was 0.755 - 0.980 (P < 0.05) and 0.302 - 0.811; The urine fluorine concentrations were 0.811 and 0.915 (P < 0.05). It was assumed that there was a negative correlation between family cash income and the dental fluorosis.

CONCLUSIONSThe corn fluorine concentration is closely related to age-specified dental fluorosis. With the economic improvement, taking less coal-burned corn is the one of major factors in reducing the of dental fluorosis in these areas.

China ; Coal ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Feeding Behavior ; Fluorine ; analysis ; urine ; Fluorosis, Dental ; economics ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Rural Population ; Zea mays

OBJECTIVETo investigate the utilization of oral health services and to analyze the factors associated with oral health services for the community residents.

METHODSHousehold health interview and oral health condition survey were conducted to obtain information about oral health services. The respondents were recruited by a multi-stage random cluster sampling procedure. Multiple dummy regression analyses were performed for the assessment of the relative effect of behavioural factors on dental attendance.

RESULTSA total of 2003 families, 4459 people participated in this study. The people seeking dental treatment accounted for 11.3% (502/4459) per year. Young people (OR = 2.072), having medical insurance system (OR = 2.835), short distance to see dentist (OR = 3.535), oral health awareness (OR = 2.595), poor self-assessment of oral health status (OR = 2.014) were the main factors which influenced dental attendance of community residents.

CONCLUSIONSThe utilization of oral health service was low, particularly for middle-aged people and the elderly. Oral health education and medical insurance system should be strengthened.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Dental Care ; economics ; utilization ; Dental Health Services ; economics ; utilization ; Health Services Accessibility ; statistics & numerical data ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Income ; statistics & numerical data ; Insurance, Dental ; statistics & numerical data ; Logistic Models ; Middle Aged ; Sampling Studies ; Self-Assessment ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Health Services ; utilization ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Dental Amalgam ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Dental Caries ; therapy ; Dentists ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Dissent and Disputes ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Female ; Humans ; Impetigo ; chemically induced ; Liability, Legal ; economics ; Licensure ; Malpractice ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Metacarpus ; Toes