No abstract available.
Echolalia ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Stroke

Transcorticamrnotro aphasia is(TMA) a syndrome of nonfluent aphasia with good comprehension and preserved repetition. Language profiles and CT or MRI anatomy in 6 cases of TMA were studied. Their speech was characterized by impaired spontaneous speech and naming with well preserved comprehension and excellent repetition. Most of cases(4/6) had a tendency to repeat everything slavishly, namely echolalia. Perseveration was also common feature(4/6). Four patients showed quick recovery within a few weeks so as to communicate without much difficulty in daily living. The findings on computerized tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance maging(MRI) revealed that the main lesion sites were in the supplementary motor area(SMA) or in the subcortical white matter connecting between SMA and frontal perisylvian zone of Broca's area.
Aphasia ; Aphasia, Broca* ; Comprehension ; Echolalia ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

BACKGROUND: Palilalia is characterized mainly by compulsive repetitions of words and phrases, which are attenuated in loudness and increased in rate. Up to date, approximately 29 cases of palilalia secondary to various neurological insults were reported mostly as a single case study. To our knowledge, there has been no reported case of palilalia in Korea until now. In this report, we present two patients with palilalia. CASES: The first patient KH, a 52-year-old man, with vascular parkinsonism, exhibited the repetition after an episode of stroke in the bilateral basal ganglia area. The second patient SH, a 60-year-old man with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, also manifested the repetition of words and phrases. The speech performance of both patients varied with the type of speech tasks, for instance, propositional language as opposed to automatic language. COMMENT: Palilalia should be differentlly diagnosed from neurogenic stuttering, echolalia, or aphasic perseveration. A pathophysiological explanation of patient KH's palilalia would be an widespread extrapyramidal impairment that resulted in destruction of the inhibitory motor circuit which might lead to the abnormal, uncontrolled speech-related neuronal firing in the frontal lobe. On the other hand, patient SH's palilalic speech may result from hyperexcitation of downstream of dopaminergic system related to peak-dose dyskinesia.
Basal Ganglia ; Dyskinesias ; Echolalia ; Fires ; Frontal Lobe ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Neurons ; Parkinson Disease ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Stroke ; Stuttering