To determine normal values for Doppler parameters of left ventricular function, ascending aortic blood flow velocity was measured by pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography in 63 healthy children with body surface area (BSA) <1 m(2) (age <10 yr). Peak velocity was independent of sex, but increased with body size. Mean acceleration was related to peak velocity (r=0.75, p<0.0001). Both stroke distance and ejection time had strong negative correlations with heart rate and positive correlations with BSA, suggesting that these parameters should be evaluated in relation to heart rate and body size. Mean intra- and interobserver variability for peak velocity, ejection time, stroke and minute distance ranged from 3 to 7%, whereas variability for acceleration time was 9 to 13%. These data may be used as reference values for the assessment of hemodynamic states in young children with cardiac disease.
Age Factors ; Aorta/*physiology ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Body Constitution ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography, Doppler/*standards/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Human ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Observer Variation ; Reference Values ; Stroke Volume