No Abstracts Available.
Asthma* ; Early Intervention (Education)*

The paediatric rehabilitation service in Malaysia is shifting from the traditional child-focused approach to a family-centred approach. At present, there is a lack of an evaluation tool to assess to the quality of paediatric rehabilitation services, and whether the services are in line with the principles of the family-centred service. This study was undertaken to assess validity and reliability of the Malay version of the Measure of Processes of Care 20-item (MPOC-20) questionnaire in evaluating family-centered approach in children rehabilitation services in Kuala Lumpur. The original English version of the MPOC-20 was translated into Malay language, before it was administered to 102 parents of children receiving rehabilitation service at the Occupational Therapy Unit, UKM Medical Centre. The component structure of the MPOC-20 Malay version was examined using principal component analysis with Varimax rotation to explore the factor structures after translation. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to determine the internal consistency reliability of the factors identified in the MPOC-20 Malay version. The resultant four-factor model explained 64 % of the variance in the Malay MPOC-20 responses. All four factors were similar to the five factors described in the original MPOC-20. All the 20 items were retained, with relocation of some items into a new factor. The Malay version of the MPOC-20 showed good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha values ranging from 0.75 to 0.90. This study demonstrates that the Malay version of the MPOC-20 is valid and reliable, and is suitable for evaluation of the quality of child rehabilitation services in the Malaysian context.
Early Intervention (Education)

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Atopic ; Early Intervention (Education)

68 private pharmacies in Hanoi had participated in the study. There are 4 selected of pharmacy staff. For STD an increase of the number of righ advice on the use of condom and of the purchasers who receive a recommendation for consultation and for proper treatment. For under 5 year old children with infected of upper respiratory tract there is an increase of the number of the question about the fever and an decrease of the number of the selling of antibiotics. For the purchasers who ask prednisolon and cephalexin without prescription, there is an increase of refuse from the side of pharmacy staff.
Attitude of Health Personnel ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Pharmacy

No abstract available.
Early Intervention (Education)* ; N-Methylaspartate* ; Psychotic Disorders*

Subsyndromal anxiety disorder indicates mental states of having anxiety symptoms not fulfilling criteria for anxiety disorders. Despite of the lack of previous objective findings of the subsyndromal anxiety disorder, its clinical importance has increased. It can cause many kinds of clinical anxiety symptoms and functional disabilities. But the early intervention and early treatment make it possible not only to attenuate the anxiety symptoms and functional disabilities but also to prevent disease progression to a full syndromal anxiety disorder. In this article, we will review the previous studies about the subsyndromal anxiety disorder and discuss its clinical characteristics and importance.
Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Disease Progression ; Early Diagnosis ; Early Intervention (Education)

During the last few decades, the prevalence of allergic disease has increased dramatically. The development of allergic diseases has been attributed to complex interactions between environmental factors and genetic factors. Of the many possible environmental factors, most research has focused on the most commonly encountered environmental factors, such as air pollution and environmental microbiota in combination with climate change. There is increasing evidence that such environmental factors play a critical role in the regulation of the immune response that is associated with allergic diseases, especially in genetically susceptible individuals. This review deals with not only these environmental factors and genetic factors but also their interactions in the development of allergic diseases. It will also emphasize the need for early interventions that can prevent the development of allergic diseases in susceptible populations and how these interventions can be identified.
Air Pollution ; Climate Change ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Epigenomics ; Microbiota* ; Prevalence

PURPOSE: Acute appendicitis still remains one of the most common causes of childhood abdominal surgery. Despite of the development of modern diagnostic tools, it presents more serious problems than in adults due to the higher perforation rate. METHODS: In our hospital, 5-year term clinical reviews have been performed, over the last 2 decades to see if there were any changing tendencies of this disease entity. We reviewed 186 cases of child acute appendicitis between January 1997 and December 2001. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) The male to female ratio was 1.35: 1. 2) The peak incidence occurred in the 11 to 15 years old age group. 3) The overall perforation rate was 24.7%, which was decreased compared with 34.7% of our previous study (P<0.05, Odd ratio=0.60). 4) The negative exploration rate was 8.06%. 5) The overall complication rate were 2.85% and 32.6% in non-perforated and perforated cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the incidence of acute appendicitis were shown to be almost the same as for the previous decade, but the perforation rate had dropped, maybe due to the early intervention, and advances in the diagnostic tools.
Adult ; Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male

Intellectual disability is characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and adaptive skills, which begins before the age of 18. Intellectual disability is lifelong disability that starts in infancy or the early childhood years but cannot be diagnosed accurately until the child is at least 5 years old, when standardized measures of intelligence become reliable and valid. For a person with intellectual disability, both proper diagnostic classification and functional classification are important in establishing a network of support. An optimal clinical genetics diagnosis is critical to understand etiology of intellectual disability syndromes. Supports of the child with intellectual disability should not only focus on the child and his condition, but also on the family. Developmental and educational interventions depending on the child's age should be emphasized. This report describes historical perspectives of intellectual disability, rehabilitative and neurodevelopmental approach for the children with intellectual disability, and the effectiveness of early intervention.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Child ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Intelligence

OBJECTIVES: The rapid increase of elderly people with dementia poses a strategy for effective management of dementia. The recent progress in pharmacotherapy of dementia have overcome the past therapeutic nihilism, and gives the hope that dementia can be managed by early diagnosis and early intervention. Accordingly, the use of comprehensive neuropsychological test for early diagnosis is emphasized. METHODS: In this study, we tried to evaluate the necessity and the usefulness of comprehensive neuropsychological tests in the diagnosis of dementia, by reviewing the guidelines for dementia, the researches about comprehensive neuropsychological tests, and by asking the experts about the necessity and the usefulness of comprehensive neuropsychological tests. RESULTS: As a result we came to know that there are many tests which comprehensively covers the cognitive domains, and can be performed in relatively short time. The guidelines recommend that the use of comprehensive neuropsychological tests should be decided by the clinician. Many experts were the same opinion. CONCLUSION: There are many useful comprehensive neuropsychological tests, the use of which should be decided by the clinician.
Aged ; Dementia* ; Diagnosis* ; Drug Therapy ; Early Diagnosis ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Hope ; Humans ; Neuropsychological Tests*