Congenital malformation of external and middle ear is a common disease in ENT department, and the incidence of this disease is second only to cleft lip and palate in the whole congenital malformations of the head and face. The external and middle ear malformations may occur separately, or as an important ear symptom of the systemic syndrome. We systematically review and analysis the genetic research progress of congenital malformation of external and middle ear, which would be helpful to understand the mechanism of external and middle ear development, and to provide clues for the further discovery of new virulence genes.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Genes ; Humans

Macrotia is defined as an abnormal enlargement of the pinna or external ear. There is, however, no specific description of whether these abnormalities involve only a part or the total structure of the ear. Arbitrarily macrotia can be classified into two groups. One is primary macrotia which is an inherited deformity at birth. The other is secondary macrotia which is enlarged by high blood flow vascular lesions such as vascular malformation. We have performed the ear reduction on two secondary macrotia patients in the past two years. In the first case, ear reduction was executed by means of Gersuny's method which excises a long scaphal crescent. In the second case, modified Peer & Walker's method was used in order to decrease the vertical height and width concomitantly. We present two cases of macrotia and simple and technically easy ear reduction procedure with acceptable result.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear ; Ear, External ; Humans ; Parturition ; Vascular Malformations*

Child, Preschool ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Nasopharynx ; abnormalities

Ear Diseases ; congenital ; epidemiology ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Ear Diseases ; congenital ; surgery ; therapy ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Humans

Ear Diseases ; congenital ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Humans

Congenital Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Humans

Pseudocyst of the auricle is an uncommon condition, which typically presents as an asymptomatic, noninflammatory swelling of the external ear. Most of the patients are usually young, healthy males without trauma. Histological examination is characterized by the intracartilaginous accumulation of serous fluid without an epithelial lining. The pathogenesis is unknown. Some theories about the release of lysosomal enzymes or inflammatory mediators and embryologic dysplasia of the auricle cartilage have been suggested. Treatment of pseudocyst of the auricle has usually involved a simple aspiration and compressive dressing, but this may often cause the fluid to reaccumulate. Treatment by surgical excision may result in a permanent deformity and scar of the auricle. Therefore, various treatments have been suggested. We report a case of pseudocyst of the auricle successfully treated by incisional biopsy only.
Bandages ; Biopsy* ; Cartilage ; Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear, External ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo explore the curative effect of Z-plasty without skin grafting for correction of cryptotia.

METHODSTwenty-five cases (29 ears) with cryototia were corrected by Z-plasty without skin grafting in our department from June 2009 to January 2014. A Z-shaped incision with one arm on the back of antihelix and the other arm on the edge of hair was made on the back of ear and scalp. The adhesion on the back of antihelix cartilage was dissected and the cartilage framework was lifted and re-positioned. The postauricular flap was transferred to cover the wound on the back of antihelix. The other flap was transferred to cover the remnant wound and correct the malformation of cryptotia.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 6 months to 1 year with stable and symmetric appearance.

CONCLUSIONSThe shape of auricle is natural after operation without skin grafting. It is a simple and ideal method for the treatment of cryptotia.

Adolescent ; Cholesteatoma ; complications ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Temporal Bone