No abstract available.
E-Selectin* ; Humans ; P-Selectin*

BACKGROUND: Since the management of atopic dermatitis often needs prolonged administration of medication, the laboratory index reflecting disease severity is necessary for optimal treatment for this disease. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate peripheral eosinophil counts, serum total IgE, eosinophilic cationic protein(ECP), IL-4 and soluble E-selectin as severity indices or disease marker. METHOD: A total of 21 patients with atopic dermatitis and 21 normal controls were evaluated for the symptoms and signs according to SCORAD index and measured for peripheral eosinophil counts, serum total IgE, ECP, IL-4 and soluble E-selectin. RESULTS: Peripheral eosinophil counts, serum total IgE, ECP and soluble E-selectin levels of patients with atopic dermatitis were significantly increased compared with those of normal control(p<0.05). Moreover, serum ECP and soluble E-selectin correlated with SCORAD score. Serum IL-4 levels of patients with atopic dermatitis were slightly increased compared with those of normal control but not statistically significant(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: ECP and soluble E-selectin were good serum marker reflecting the severity of atopic dermatitis.
Biomarkers ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; E-Selectin* ; Eosinophil Cationic Protein* ; Eosinophils* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Interleukin-4*

PURPOSE: Augmentation in the expression of E-selectin on activated vascular endothelial cells regulates leukocyte migration into the tissue. These molecules are also shed into the circulation as a soluble form. The level of soluble forms in the serum has been known to be correlated with those expressed on the endothelial cells, thus it can be used as a marker of inflammation in that tissue. The purpose of this study is to compare the serum levels of soluble E-selectin(sE-selectin) in patients with atopic dermatitis(AD), atopic asthmatics, and healthy non-atopics, and to determine whether sE-selectin levels are correlated with disease activity in patients with atopic dermatitis. METHODS: We examined serum sE-selectin levels, serum total IgE levels, and total eosinophil counts from 18 children with AD, 15 atopic asthmatics and 15 healthy non-atopics. The severity of AD was assessed by clinical scoring(SCORAD index). We compared the sE-selectin levels among the three groups and investigated the correlations with SCORAD index. RESULTS: The children with AD had significantly higher levels of sE-selectin than those of atopic asthmatics(P<0.05) and of healthy non-atopics(P<0.05). There was no difference in the serum sE-selectin levels between the groups of atopic asthmatics and healthy non- atopics. Serum sE-selectin levels were correlated with SCORAD index in patients with AD, (P<0.05) but not significantly correlated with serum total IgE levels and total eosinophil counts. There were no significant correlations among SCORAD index, serum total IgE levels, and total eosinophil counts. CONCLUSION: The serum sE-selectin level is elevated only in patients with AD, not in atopic asthmatics. Therefore, sE-selectin could be considered as a useful marker of the disease activity in AD.
Biomarkers* ; Child ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; E-Selectin* ; Endothelial Cells ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Inflammation ; Leukocytes

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of adhesion molecules, cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in divers post 480 heliox saturation diving.

METHODSFour divers were compressed within 96 hours to depths of 480 m with heliox-oxygen and held at the designated depth for 49 hours, excursion to 493 m during their saturation stay, then decompressed within 302 hours to the surface. The blood samples were collected before compression and post decompression, the expression level of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), E-selectin, P-selectin, cAMP, cGMP were detected with ELISA analysis box.

RESULTSCompared with the levels of CAMs before compression, the levels of ICAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin and cGMP in the serum were changed post decompression (P > 0.05). The levels of cAMP were significantly elevated post decompression (629.91 +/- 75.01) nmol/L vs (66.72 +/- 83.15) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe decompression schedule in this heliox saturation diving is safe, the decompression sickness pathology in this diving has not been induced. But the stress response of divers are enhanced by this great depth saturation diving.

Cyclic AMP ; blood ; Diving ; physiology ; E-Selectin ; blood ; Helium ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood ; Oxygen ; P-Selectin ; blood

BACKGROUND: Cyclosporine effectively suppresses immune responses and inhibits skin homing T cell responses in psoriasis. E-selectin is known to be up-regulated on vascular endothelium of inflammatory skin lesions such as psoriasis. PURPOSE: Based on our previous study that cyclosporine decreased lesional cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)+ T cells in psoriatic patients, we tried to find any change of CLA+ T cells in peripheral blood in psoriatic patients, since psoriasis is a disease of systemic T cell activation. Subjects and Methods: Peripheral blood of 8 patients with chronic plaque type psoriasis at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18 weeks after cyclosporine was examined by flow cytometry using anti-CLA antibody. Five skin biopsy samples at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18 weeks were immunohistochemically stained with anti E-selectin antibody. RESULTS: Our results demonstrate that the number of CD3+ CLA+ and CD4+CLA+ T cells was significantly reduced in the peripheral blood at week 3, but gradually increased to the level of baseline at 18 weeks. In psoriatic skin lesions, with decrease of PASI score and CLA+ T cells number, the expression of E-selectin on the endothelial cells was gradually decreased throughout 18 weeks of therapy. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that cyclosporine suppresses the migration of skin homing T cells to psoriatic skin lesions, in part, through the inhibition of E-selectin on the endothelial cells.
Biopsy ; Cyclosporine* ; E-Selectin ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Psoriasis ; Skin* ; T-Lymphocytes

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease characterized histologically by prominent keratinocyte hyperplasia and an early inflammatory cell infiltrate. However, the pathogenesis is not fully understood yet. Recently, the evidence that T lymphocytes play a key role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis is compelling. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate serum soluble E-selectin, MCP-1 and RANTES as severity indices or disease marker. In this study, we investigated a possible correlation between disease activity in psoriasis and serum soluble E-selectin, MCP-1 and RANTES, respectively. METHODS: Fifteen patients with psoriasis and fifteen normal controls were included in this study. The patients were evaluated for the symptoms and signs according to PASI score. We measured soluble E-selectin, MCP-1 and RANTES levels with blood samples drawn from patients and normal controls. RESULTS: 1. Soluble E-selectin serum levels were significantly increased in psoriatic patients compared with normal controls (p<0.05). Moreover, a significant correlation was demonstrated between serum soluble E-selectin values and PASI scores (r=0.54, p<0.05). 2. Serum MCP-1 levels were significantly increased in psoriatic patients compared with normal conrols (p<0.05). However, no significant correlation was observed between MCP-1 values and PASI scores (r=-0.12). 3. Serum RANTES levels were significantly increased in psoriatic patients compared with normal controls (p<0.05). Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between serum RANTES levels and PASI scores (r=0.63, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that serum levels of soluble E-selectin and RANTES could be used as marker of the disease activity in psoriatic patients.
Chemokine CCL5* ; E-Selectin* ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Keratinocytes ; Psoriasis* ; Skin Diseases ; T-Lymphocytes

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Blood levels of soluble CD30 and soluble E-selectin are related to allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis or asthma. However, these levels have not been well investigated in allergic rhinitis. We evaluated the association of blood concentrations of these cytokines in allergic rhinitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The concentrations of soluble CD30 and soluble E-selectin in blood were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay. The levels of these cytokines were compared between allergic rhinitis patients (n=48) and age-matched healthy controls (n=27), and a relationship was found with symptom severity. RESULT: The concentration of soluble CD30 was significantly increased in allergic rhinitis patients compared to that in normal healthy people (p=0.042). However, soluble E-selectin was not significantly increased in allergic rhinitis patients (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest a possible role of soluble CD30 in the blood of allergic rhinitis.
Asthma ; Cytokines ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; E-Selectin ; Humans ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of E-selectin A561C (S128R) polymorphism on blood pressure.

METHODS347 essential hypertensive patients (male 163 and female 184, age 46.08 +/- 12.49 y, and body mass index 26.13 +/- 3.14 kg/m(2)) and 315 normal controls (male 93 and female 222, age 42.21 +/- 14.67 y, and body mass index 25.66 +/- 3.19 kg/m(2)) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Phenotypic measurements included blood pressure, blood glucose, serum triglycerides, serum total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, serum uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, nitric oxide, endothelin, angiotensin I, and II and plasma aldosterone.

RESULTSThe frequencies of the AC and CC genotypes (6.92%) and C allele (4.76%) were significantly (P = 0.029 and 0.013) higher in hypertensive patients than normal controls (3.17% and 2.22%). The relative risk of hypertension associated with the C allele was 2.197 (95% CI: 1.164-4.144). Both diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were higher in C allele carriers than AA subjects (P = 0.049 and 0.024). Furthermore, C allele carriers, compared with AA subjects, had higher concentrations of blood glucose, and total and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.031, 0.046, and 0.003) and lower concentrations of nitric oxide (P = 0.036).

CONCLUSIONThe E-selectin A561C (S128R) polymorphism might affect blood pressure in Chinese.

Adult ; E-Selectin ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

BACKGROUNDS: Recent experimental studies demonstrate massive leukocytes extravasation at sites of cerebral ischemia even with the first hours of disease. Leukocytes are now considered to potentiate ischemic neural damage by microvasculature obstruction and generation of neurotoxic substances. Adhesion molecules mediate adhesion between endothelial cells and leukocytes as a precondition for extravasation of leukocytes at sites of tissue injury. We conducted a prospective study to investigate the serum level of ICAM-1, P-selectin, and E-selectin in patients with acute ischemic stroke, and with atherosclerosis. METHODS: Serum was sampled from patients within 24 hrs of acute ischemic stroke(n=20), from patients with previous (> 1 month) transient or persistent ischemic neurologic deficit associated with atherosclerosis(n=22), and control patients without a history of vascular disease(n=20). Concentrations of soluble ICAM-1(sICAM-1), P-selectin(sP-selectin), and E-electin(sE-selectin) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). RESULTS: Compared with control subjects, sICAM-1 and sE-selectin were significantly elevated in patients with acute ischemic stroke and in previous symptomatic atherosclerosis(p=0.0001 and p=0.004). The serum level of sP-selectin in patients with acute ischemic stroke was higher than that in patients with previous symptomatic atherosclerosis and control subjects(p=0.0004). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a chronic elevation of ICAM-1 and E-selectin in patients with previous symptomatic atherosclerosis and also acute changes of them in patients with acute ischemic stroke. These findings indicate that acute changes of serum P-selectin occurred in response to acute ischemic stroke.
Atherosclerosis ; Brain Ischemia ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; E-Selectin ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; Leukocytes ; Microvessels ; Neurologic Manifestations ; P-Selectin ; Prospective Studies ; Stroke*

OBJECTIVEKawasaki disease (KD) is a kind of febrile disorder without definite etiology. The pathologic change of KD is characterized by nonspecific vasculitis, which mainly involves the coronary artery. Some patients may have coronary angioma formation, and some of them will result in the coronary narrowing or embolism. Notwithstanding that KD has been one of the most common causes for acquired heart diseases in childhood in addition to the rheumatic fever, the pathogenesis of the vascular damage remains unknown. This study was conducted to explore the pathophysiological role of cell adhesion molecules (P-selectin and E-selectin) on the endothelial lesions in KD, and to look for the evidence of direct relationship between the plasma levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules (P- and E-selectin) and the incidence of the coronary artery lesion (CAL).

METHODSSoluble P-selectin (PS), E-selectin (ES), thromboxane-B(2)(TXB(2)), 6-keto-PGF(1)alpha (6-KPGF(1)alpha) were measured in 36 patients with KD, 20 patients with febrile disease and 30 healthy children by using double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay. Patients with KD were separated into acute phase group, subacute phase group, recovery phase group, coronary artery lesion group (CAL), non-coronary artery lesion group (NCAL), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) effective group (body temperature back to normal after 48 hours of using IVIG), and IVIG ineffective group.

RESULTSPlasma PS and ES levels in the acute phase group [(211 +/- 28 and 186 +/- 14) ng/ml], subacute phase group [(238 +/- 27 and 151 +/- 13) ng/ml] and recovery phase group [(198 +/- 21 and 1008 +/- 9) ng/ml] were significantly higher than those in the healthy group [(102 +/- 36 and 72 +/- 10) ng/ml, P < 0.01]. The plasma PS levels remained higher after the treatment, but in IVIG effective group, the PS and ES levels declined significantly (P < 0.01) compared with those in acute phase group. Plasma PS and ES levels of CAL group [(281 +/- 78 and 210 +/- 52) ng/ml] were significantly higher than those of NCAL group [(217 +/- 15 and 108 +/- 10) ng/ml, P < 0.01]. In contrast to 1 week after the treatment, the PS and ES in IVIG effective group at the time point of 2 weeks after the treatment decreased more significantly (P < 0.01). While the PS and ES in IVIG ineffective group remained higher at the time point of 2 weeks after the treatment, which showed no significant difference compared with those 1 week after the treatment (P > 0.05). One week after the treatment, the PS levels of IVIG effective and ineffective groups did not descend, and there was no significant difference in PS between these two groups at this time point. Two weeks after the treatment, the PS and ES in IVIG ineffective group remained higher than those in IVIG effective group, and there was a significant difference between them. The peak level of PS appeared in the subacute phase. TXB(2) levels of KD in acute phase group increased markedly, which were significantly higher than those of healthy group [(345 +/- 127 and 190 +/- 69) ng/L, P < 0.01]. There was no significant difference between subacute phase group and healthy group. No significant difference was found between CAL group and NCAL group (P > 0.05). The levels of TXB(2) declined quickly after the treatment. The 6-KPGF(1)alpha level in KD of acute phase group, subacute phase group and recovery phase group [(7.1 +/- 2.8, 10.8 +/- 3.7 and 11.3 +/- 4.0) ng/L, respectively] was significantly lower than that of healthy group [(17.7 +/- 5.8) ng/L, P < 0.01], and the levels did not recover to normal even 2 weeks after the treatment. There was no significant difference 6-KPGF(1)alpha levels between CAL group and NCAL group (P > 0.05). In the febrile group, PS and ES levels showed no significant differences compared with healthy children (P > 0.05). ES level of KD patients was significantly correlated with CRP levels (r = 0.79 P < 0.01). In febrile group, there was no significant correlation between ES and CRP. There was a significant correlation between PS and PLT levels in KD patients (r = 0.75 P < 0.01), and no significant correlation between PS and PLT levels in febrile patients.

CONCLUSIONThe increase of plasma PS and ES levels in KD acute phase and subacute phase might play an important role in the pathophysiology of the endothelial damage. E- and P-selectin may potentially be a predictor of CAL in patients with KD.

Child ; Coronary Artery Disease ; physiopathology ; Coronary Vessels ; physiopathology ; E-Selectin ; blood ; Endothelium, Vascular ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; blood ; physiopathology ; P-Selectin ; blood