No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Pineal Gland* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Neurons* ; Rats* ; Synapses*

Neuroglial cells are actively participate in the pathogenesis or in the recovery procedures following brain lesions. The study was performed to evaluate the plasticity of glial cells following different degree of brain lesions. Neurosurgical operations were made on the rats fixed on the stereotaxic apparatus. Tissue column of 3 mm-diameter was isolated in the caudatoputamen with concomitant severe bleeding in the first group. In the second group, the sensorimotor cortex was suctioned out with moderate bleeding. In the third group, the mammillary body was electrically coagulated with minimal bleeding. Caudatoputamens, as a lesioned tissue or as a target tissue of lesioned area, were studied light and electron microscopically. Observations on reactivities and plasticities of neuroglial cells on the different situations, the following results were obtained : 1. Astrocytes were swollen within an hour following brain lesions. 2. In case of smaller lesion, astroglia alone remove altered structures. 3. Microglia are increased in number, if the lesion is large with severe bleeding. The microglia might come from blood monocyte via transformation to pericyte. 4. In large lesion, astroglia were greatly hypertropied, and microglia might be moving and functioning effeciently within the hypertropied cytoplasm of astroglia. 5. In the stabilizing stage, astroglia produce glial fibers and fix the exhausted microglia. Fixed microglia are proceed into apoptotic process in the cytoplasm of astroglia and removed by them. All these procedures might be controlled by various receptors and secretions of astroglia. It means that astroglia is not only the basic supporting element of nervous tissue, but also an actively functioning element for the most effective homeostatic functioning of the neuropil.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Astrocytes ; Brain* ; Cytoplasm ; Hemorrhage ; Mamillary Bodies ; Microglia ; Monocytes ; Neuroglia* ; Neuropil ; Pericytes ; Plastics* ; Rats ; Suction

No abstract available.
Aging* ; Animals ; Rats* ; Retina*

In this experiment, side effects of two anticancer drugs (adriamycin and CP -2) on the structure of spleen were histologically studied. Each of ICR mice was inoculated with 1 x10 7 Ehrlich carcinoma cells subcutaneously in the inguinal area. From next day, 0.2 ml of saline solution, adriamycin (2 mg/kg) or CP -2 (30 mg/kg) were injected subcutaneously every other day. The day following the 7th injection of adriamycin or CP -2, each mouse was injected with a single dose of 0.7 micro Ci/gm of methyl -3 H -thymidine (25 Ci/mmol, Amersham Lab., England) through tail vein. Seventy minutes after the thymidine injection, animals were sacrificed, and splenic tissues were collected and fixed in 10% neutral formalin. Deparaffinized sections were coated with autoradiographic emulsion EM -1 (Amersham Lab., England) in the dark room and dried, and were kept in a light -tight box. The sections were exposured for 5 weeks in the dark room, and were developed in D -19 developer. The number of the labeled cells in the areas of the white pulp, the red pulp and the marginal zone (mean number of labeled cells per 0.21 mm 2 ) were observed and calculated. In the spleen of adriamycin treated group, vacuoles containing pyknotic nuclei were observed frequently. Whereas in the CP -2 treated group, morphological changes of the spleen were not observed. The number of the labeled cells of normal control, experimental control, CP -2 treated and adriamycin treated groups were 240.3 +/-53.28, 252.3+/- 58.24, 216.7 +/-55.17 and 45.4 +/-15.46, respectively, and most of the labeled cells were located near the marginal zone of the spleen. In the adriamycin treated group, labeled cells containing a few silver grains of 3 H -thymidine were observed more frequently than in those of the normal and experimental control groups. From the above results, adriamycin and CP -2 may suppress the DNA synthesis of the splenic tissues. Especially, CP -2 does not results any histological defect on the splenic tissues. These result suggest that CP -2 is expected as one of effective anticancer drugs.
Animals ; Edible Grain ; DNA ; Doxorubicin* ; Formaldehyde ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Silver ; Sodium Chloride ; Spleen* ; Thymidine ; Vacuoles ; Veins

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Arteries* ; Humans

This experiment was performed to evaluate the morphological responses of the gastric chief cells of the mouse, inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells in the inguinal area, following administration of 5-fluorouracil or mitomycin C. Healthy adult ICR mice weighing 25 gm each were divided into normal and experimental groups (experimental control group, 5-fluorouracil-treated group and mitomycin C-treated group). In the experimental group, 1x107 Ehrlich carcinoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously in the inguinal area. From next day after inoculations, 0.2mL of saline (experimental control group), 5-fluorouracil (30 mg/kg, 5-fluorouracil-treated group), or mitomycin C (400 microg/kg, mitomycin C-treated group) were injected subcutaneously to the animals every other day, respectively. The day following the 7th injection, animals were sacrificed. Pieces of the tissue were taken from the gastric mucosa, prefixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde solution, followed by post-fixation with 1% osmium tetroxide solution. The ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The size of zymogen granule and the size of the mitochondrion in the gastric chief cells were observed and compared. In the 5-fluorouracil treated group, most chief cells did not show any difference in ultrastructure, except myelin figures were more frequently observed, in comparison with those of normal control group. But in the mitomycin Ctreated group, necrotic cells were more frequently observed than in normal control and 5-fluorouracil-treated group. The size of zymogen granule in the gastric chief cells of normal control, experimental control, 5-fluorouracil-treated and mitomycin C-treated groups were 0.98 (+/-0.108)microm, 1.05 (+/-0.092)microm, 0.94 (/-0.123)microm and 0.93 (+/-0.156)microm, respectively. And the size of mitochondrion in the gastric chief cells of normal control, experimental control, 5-fluorouracil-treated and mitomycin C-treated groups were 0.80 (+/-0.130)microm, 0.83 (+/-0.143)microm, 0.87 (+/-0.165)microm and 0.81 (+/-0.083)microm, respectively. From the above results, in the treatment of low therapeutic doses of anticancer drugs into the animals inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells, 5-fluorouracil may not suppress function of the gastric chief cells, but mitomycin C may exert a vicious influence on the function of the gastric chief cells.
Adult ; Animals ; Chief Cells, Gastric* ; Citric Acid ; Fluorouracil* ; Gastric Mucosa ; Humans ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mitochondria ; Mitomycin* ; Myelin Sheath ; Osmium Tetroxide ; Secretory Vesicles

This experiment was performed to study the morphological changes of the spleen of mice following injection of sodium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) or mercuric chloride (HgCl2). Male mice were divided into normal and experimental groups. The mice were subcutaneously injected with mercuric chloride (5 mg or 10 mg/kg) or sodium dichromate (10 mg or 20 mg/kg). Animals were sacrificed on 6 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 1 week and 2 weeks after injections. Pieces of splenic tissue were taken from each mouse, and fixed in 10% neutral formalin for light microscopy. The paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson-trichrome, Bielschowsky's silver impregnation or aldehyde-fuchsin stain. For electron microscopy, the tissues were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformalde-hyde, and post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide. Dehydrated blocks were embedded in araldite mixture. The ultrathin sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were observed with JEM 100CX-II electron microscope. On histological study, in the early stage (6 hours) of experimental groups, splenic white pulp exhibited numerous vacuoles containing pyknotic nuclei were observed as compared with those of normal control group. But after 3 days(sodium dichromate, 10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg; mercuric chloride, 5 mg/kg) and 1 week (mercuric chloride, 10mg/kg), the morphology was recovered to normal one. In the experimental groups, positive reactions to Bielschowsky's silver impregnation, Masson-trichrome or aldehyde-fuchsin stain were similar to those of normal control group. On the ultrastructural study, in white pulps of experimental groups, nuclear bodies were observed frequently in the nuclei of the lymphocytes and the reticular cells, and myelin figures were observed in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm of the lymphocytes and the reticular cells. The plasma cells showed many irregularly distended cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticula and the macrophages containing phagosomes, were observed frequently. From the above results, it was concluded that potassium dichromate or mercuric chloride could disturb the normal differentiation or maturation of the lymphocytes and the reticular cells of the spleen, especially in the early stage of treatment. But histological changes occurred in the spleen following injection of the potassium dichromate or mercuric chloride were recovered to normal appearance in 3 days (potassium dichromate) or 1 week (mercuric chloride). Mercuric chloride was more harmful than potassium dichromate on the spleen.
Animals ; Citric Acid ; Cytoplasm ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Male ; Mercuric Chloride* ; Mice* ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron ; Myelin Sheath ; Osmium Tetroxide ; Paraffin ; Phagosomes ; Plasma Cells ; Potassium Dichromate* ; Potassium* ; Silver ; Sodium ; Spleen* ; Vacuoles

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcaneus* ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Rats* ; Tenotomy*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Brain* ; Capillaries* ; Rats*