Objective To explore clinical characteristics in boys and girls with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and provide refe-rences for clinician′s correct diagnosis and cognition.Methods The clinical characteristics and laboratory examination of 88 children with SLE were comparatively analyzed from Dec.1993 to Sep.2007 by a retrospective cohort study.There was a ratio of 1.04.9 between boys and girls with SLE,and the peak incidence was among adolescent girls(10-15 years old),accounting for 60.2% of all children with SLE.There was no difference in onset age between the 2 groups.Disease activity was evaluated using SLE disease activity index(SLEDAI).Clinical characteristics and laboratory examination were studied by Spearman rank correlation analysis.Results There were significant differences in the constituent ratio of onset symptom and clinical symptom between boys and girls with SLE.Initial manifestation in boys with SLE was mainly skin lesion while in girls with SLE was fever.There were no significant difference for the incidence of each organ lesion between boys and girls with SLE,but higher rate of anemia and hepatic disfunction in girls with SLE was found.There were up trends of splenomegaly,abnormal electroence phalogram,butterfly erythema occurred in girls with SLE,while gastrointestinal symptoms,serositis,eyes damage occured in boys with SLE.Nephrotic syndrome was the main type of renal damage in both groups(boys:40.0%,girls:45.7%).There were significant differences in the constituent ratio of detection rate in laboratory examination,but no significant difference of positive rate was found in any kind of item between boys and girls with SLE.There was some relationship between C3 and muti-organ lesion,double stranded DNA(dsDNA) and renal lesion through correlation analysis for girls with SLE.Conclusions There are some differences of initial manifestation between boys and girls with SLE,the clinical features and laboratory examination show no gender difference.C3 may be a indicator of the disease severity for girls with SLE.

OBJECTIVE: To stereospecifically synthesize disaccharide galactopyranosyl(α1 → 2) glucopyranoside with protecting groups which are easily and selectively deprotected. METHODS: With D-glucose as a raw material, a donor methyl 3, 4, 6-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside was synthesized through acetylation, bromination, methylation, deacetylation, benzylidenation, selective benzoylation, chloroacetylation, and dechloroacetylation; the glucopyranosyl acceptor and a donor isopropyl 3-O-allyl-2-O-benzoyl-4, 6-O-benzylidene-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside were reacted at catalysis to achieve an α-coupled product. RESULTS: At the catalysis of TMSOTf/NIS, galactopyranosyl donor and glucopyranosyl acceptor were coupled to afford stereospecifically a full protected disaccharide galactopyranosyl(α1 → 2) glucopyranoside fragment, methyl 3-O-allyl-2-O-benzoyl-4, 6-O-benzylidene-α-D-galactopyranosyl(1 → 2)-3, 4, 6-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside. All products were characterized with NMR and MS etc. CONCLUSION: A full protected 1, 2-cis disaccharide fragment was stereospecifically obtained through coupling reaction due to concerted effect of the special configurations of the galactopyranosyl donor and the glucopyranosyl acceptor. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Humans ; Lymphoma ; classification ; genetics ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; genetics ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; genetics ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; World Health Organization

0.1 improved significantly, while the eyesights of the other patients improved slightly or not at all. In the 53 cases of mass diseases,45 cases (84.9 %) required complete removal whereas 8 cases required bulk removal. No cases of sunken eyeball was found. Snuffle was improved in all cases. Most symptoms disappeared and no optic nerve injury resulted after the tumors in the orbital apex were removed. CONCLUSION Selecting the proper operative approach is important to the uncovering of the operative area. The use of navigation systems and endoscope could increase the rate of complete removals,result in fewer injuries of vessels and nerves,and avoid facial incision.

Breast Neoplasms ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Phyllodes Tumor ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Twist-Related Protein 1 ; metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Translocation, Genetic

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; prevention & control ; Trichloroethylene ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; Humans

Biomedical Research ; trends ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; Humans ; Nuclear Proteins ; physiology ; Transcription Factors ; physiology

Hemangiopericytoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; pathology