Dyslipidemias ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; complications ; etiology ; Obesity ; complications ; Smoking ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between dyslipidemia and rheumatoid arthritis associa-ted interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) by retrospective analysis of the clinical data. METHODS: The clinical data of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), who were hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatism and Immunology of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from January 2015 to July 2020 and fulfilled the criteria of the 2010 Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification Criteria established by American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative, were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: There were 737 RA patients included, of whom 282(38.26%)were with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The median time from the onset of the first RA-related clinical symptoms to the onset of ILD was 13 years (95%CI 11.33-14.67). By multivariate Logistic regression analysis, we found that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was an independent risk factor for RA-ILD (OR 1.452, 95%CI 1.099-1.918, P=0.009), whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was a protective factor for RA-ILD (OR 0.056, 95%CI 0.025-0.125, P < 0.001). The RA patients with high LDL-C or low HDL-C had higher incidence of ILD than that of the RA patients with normal LDL-C or HDL-C(57.45% vs. 36.96%, P < 0.001; 47.33% vs. 33.81%, P < 0.001, respectively). The median time of ILD onset in the RA patients with low HDL-C was shorter than that of the RA patients with normal HDL-C [10.0(95%CI 9.33-10.67)years vs.17.0 (95%CI 14.58-19.42) years, P < 0.001]. HDL-C level was negatively correlated with disease activity. Among the RA-ILD patients, the patients with low HDL-C had higher percentage of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) then that of the patients with normal HDL-C (60.00% vs. 53.29%, P=0.002). The RA-ILD patients with high LDL-C had higher incidence rate of decrease in forced vital capacity (FVC) than that of the RA-ILD patients with normal LDL-C (50.00% vs. 21.52%, P=0.015). The RA-ILD patients with low HDL-C had higher incidence rate of decrease in FVC (26.92% vs. 16.18%, P=0.003) and carbon monoxide diffusion (80.76% vs. 50.00%, P=0.010) than that of RA-ILD patients with normal HDL-C. CONCLUSION LDL-C was possibly a potential independent risk factor for RA-ILD. HDL-C was possibly a potential protective factor for RA-ILD. HDL-C level was negatively correlated with disease activity of RA. The median time of ILD onset in the RA patients with low HDL-C was significantly shorter than that of the RA patients with normal HDL-C.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications* ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/complications* ; Dyslipidemias/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVETo explore the impacts of types and degree of obesity on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and related lipids disturbance in Chinese school-age children.

METHODSA total of 1 452 school-age Children of 7 to 17 years were recruited in Beijing with representative cluster sampling method. Data of anthropometric measurements including weight, height and waist circumference were collected from March to May of 2007. Body mass index(BMI)was calculated. Blood samples were obtained and lipid profiles including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured, while glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (ALT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (AST) were determined to evaluate liver function. The liver was also scanned by sonography, and abnormal hepatic sonograms were documented. NAFLD was diagnosed according to the criteria recommended by the Fatty Liver and Alcoholic Liver Disease Study Group under the Chinese Liver Disease Association. Analysis of covariance (ANOVA), Chi-square test for trend and binary logistic regression analysis were performed.

RESULTSThe dyslipidemia and ultrasonographic fatty liver deteriorated with the degree of obesity defined either by BMI or waist circumference. Compared with BMI, waist circumference contributed more to the development of dyslipidemia, fatty liver and NAFLD. The highest levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and lowest level of HDL-C were seen in the mixed obese group followed by abdominal obese, peripheral obese and non-obese ones. Adjusted for gender and age, the odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals of peripheral obesity, abdominal obesity and mixed obesity were 0, 10.93 (0.98-121.96) and 79.16 (10.95-572.44) for predicting NAFLD; 12.61 (1.24-127.78), 19.39 (5.23-71.85), and 93.21 (29.56-293.90) for predicting ultrasonographic fatty liver; 1.78 (0.59-5.44), 3.01 (1.91-4.77), and 4.64 (3.52-6.12) for predicting dyslipidemia, respectively compared with the non-obese control group. The trend of hazards over groups was statistically significant (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe levels of lipid profile and the prevalence of NAFLD and dyslipidemia increased in parallel with the degree of obesity; As compared with the non-obese control, the mixed obesity had the strongest association with NAFLD and dyslipidemia, followed by abdominal obesity and peripheral obesity in Chinese school-age Children.

Adolescent ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; China ; Dyslipidemias ; complications ; Fatty Liver ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; classification ; complications

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a high frequency of complications related to cardiovascular disease as well as microvascular complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Prevention of these vascular complications is the main issue for diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are well-known risk factors for complications in diabetic patients. Moreover, these chronic conditions are often seen in many diabetic patients. So, multifactorial interventions are needed to manage these risk factors and prevent diabetic complications. However, there is still a debate about the optimal level required for glycemic control, the appropriate blood pressure target, and dyslipidemia management. Although many countries have written their own guidelines, there are some discrepancies between these different guidelines. Recently, the Korean Diabetic Association issued new guidelines for Korean diabetic patients. Here, I will introduce these new guidelines and discuss the optimal management of risk factors such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in diabetic patients.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dyslipidemias ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hypertension ; Risk Factors ; Risk Management

Atherosclerosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications* ; Dyslipidemias ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between dyslipidemia and outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

METHODSData about 1 568 patients with acute ischemic stroke were collected from 4 hospitals in Shandong Province from January 2006 to December 2008. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) >10 at discharge or death was defined as the outcome. Effect of dyslipidemia on outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis and propensity score-adjusted analysis, respectively.

RESULTSThe serum levels of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were significantly associated with the outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and propensity score-adjusted analysis showed that the ORs and 95% CIs were 3.013 (1.259, 7.214)/2.655 (1.298, 5.43), 3.157 (1.306, 7.631)/3.405 (1.621, 7.154), and 0.482 (0.245, 0.946)/0.51 (0.282, 0.921), respectively, for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed no significant difference in observed and predicted risk in patients with acute ischemic stroke (chi-square=8.235, P=0.411).

CONCLUSIONSerum levels of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C are positively related with the outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Infarction ; blood ; complications ; mortality ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Dyslipidemias ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Phaeochromocytomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours with variable clinical signs and symptoms. Hypertension, tachycardia, sweating and headaches are cardinal manifestations. Although nausea and abdominal pain are the more common gastrointestinal features, rare gastrointestinal spectrums have been reported that can mimic abdominal emergencies. Metabolic effects of hypercatecholaminaemia are vast and one such rare presentation is lactic acidosis. We describe a case of phaeochromocytoma presenting with both intestinal pseudo-obstruction as well as lactic acidosis. This case report highlights the importance of having a high index of suspicion for and early recognition of the gastrointestinal and metabolic manifestations of phaeochromocytomas.
Abdominal Pain ; Acidosis, Lactic ; complications ; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Dyslipidemias ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; complications ; Middle Aged ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; complications ; diagnosis ; Pheochromocytoma ; complications ; diagnosis ; Radiography, Abdominal

BACKGROUNDDyslipidaemia is a potential independent risk factor for cerebrovascular disease in patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate dyslipidaemia, treatment and control of dyslipidaemia among diabetic patients with ischemic stroke in a Chinese hospital.

METHODSA total of 1046 type 2 diabetic patients were assigned to diabetes with (n = 522) and diabetes without stroke groups. The two groups were matched by gender, age and diabetes duration. Lipid and lipoprotein profile were measured. Serum level and control of lipids were assessed and classified according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines and an intensified low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) target recommended in Chinese dyslipidaemia control criteria.

RESULTSDiabetic patients suffering stroke displayed not only poorly-controlled lipid and lipoprotein profiles, including the significantly lower proportion of patients achieving intensified LDL-C target of < 2.07 mmol/L (80 mg/dl), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) target (14.4% vs 21.0%, P = 0.005; 45.8% vs 51.9%, P = 0.048 respectively), but also less adherence to therapy prescribed for dyslipidaemia (30.8% vs 41.0%, P = 0.001), when compared with diabetic patients without stroke. For the diabetic women with stroke, situation of dyslipidaemia was worse, with significantly lower serum level of HDL-C and apoA1, higher LDL-C level and higher ratio of apoB/apoA1 when compared with diabetic counterparts without stroke.

CONCLUSIONSMany diabetic patients with ischemic stroke remain uncontrolled for dyslipidaemia. Intensified LDL-C and overall lipid lowering clinical goals are potential precautions taken against ischemic stroke among diabetic patients in China.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Dyslipidemias ; complications ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; complications ; epidemiology

Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor in many diseases, including various kinds of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Many studies have also reported the unfavorable effects of smoking for diabetes mellitus. Smoking increases the risk of developing diabetes, and aggravates the micro- and macro-vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Smoking is associated with insulin resistance, inflammation and dyslipidemia, but the exact mechanisms through which smoking influences diabetes mellitus are not clear. However, smoking cessation is one of the important targets for diabetes control and the prevention diabetic complications.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Dyslipidemias ; Inflammation ; Insulin Resistance ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation

ST segment elevation is one of the most important electrocardiographic features that need to be recognised. Although ST segment elevation myocardial infarction is one of the main causes of this abnormality, there are other non-ischaemic causes that are also important. We discuss reversible apical ballooning syndrome or Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, pericarditis and a case of ST segment elevation due to 'early repolarisation pattern'.
Cardiology ; methods ; Coronary Angiography ; methods ; Dyslipidemias ; complications ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; diagnosis ; Myocardial Ischemia ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; complications ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; complications