Ginsenoside Rb1, the effective constituent of ginseng, has been demonstrated to play favorable roles in improving the immunity system. However, there is little study on the osteogenesis and angiogenesis effect of Ginsenoside Rb1. Moreover, how to establish a delivery system of Ginsenoside Rb1 and its repairment ability in bone defect remains elusive. In this study, the role of Ginsenoside Rb1 in cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, osteogenic genes expression, ALP activity of rat BMSCs were evaluated firstly. Then, micro-nano HAp granules combined with silk were prepared to establish a delivery system of Ginsenoside Rb1, and the osteogenic and angiogenic effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 loaded on micro-nano HAp/silk in rat calvarial defect models were assessed by sequential fluorescence labeling, and histology analysis, respectively. It revealed that Ginsenoside Rb1 could maintain cell viability, significantly increased ALP activity, osteogenic and angiogenic genes expression. Meanwhile, micro-nano HAp granules combined with silk were fabricated smoothly and were a delivery carrier for Ginsenoside Rb1. Significantly, Ginsenoside Rb1 loaded on micro-nano HAp/silk could facilitate osteogenesis and angiogenesis. All the outcomes hint that Ginsenoside Rb1 could reinforce the osteogenesis differentiation and angiogenesis factor's expression of BMSCs. Moreover, micro-nano HAp combined with silk could act as a carrier for Ginsenoside Rb1 to repair bone defect.
Alginates/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Cell Differentiation ; Durapatite/pharmacology* ; Ginsenosides ; Osteogenesis ; Rats ; Silk/pharmacology* ; Tissue Scaffolds

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the biological effects of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66(nHA-PA66) on the growth and activity of osteoblast.

METHODSMTT assay was used to determine the growth of osteoblast, enzymatic measure was used to determine the activity of ALP and quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) to evaluate the changes of osteoclacin mRNA expression in osteoblasts treated by DMEM eluate of nHA-PA66.

RESULTSOsteoblasts of different test groups demonstrated relative proliferation rate ranging from 98% - 106% without dose-dependent effect. The ALP activity and osteocalcin mRNA expression were similar in test and control groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONnHA-PA66 has no negative effects on the osteoblast and its osteoblast-compatibility is proved.

Durapatite ; pharmacology ; Nylons ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; Osteocalcin ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

Graded Zirconia-hydroxyapatite composite bioceramic and simplex Zirconia-hydroxyapatite composite bioceramic were produced, and the extractes of these two of materials were made to evaluate their immunocompatibility. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to detect the character of the surface of the graded composite bioceramic. Holding and without holding phytohemagglutinin (PHA), proliferation and activation of peripheralblood monocytes(PBMCs) cultured in the two extracts were studied. Cultured in PHA after 72 hours, the proliforation rate of the graded composite group was significantly higher than the simplex composite group (P < 0.01). There was no difference of apoptosis of PBMCs of the two groups (P > 0.05). Cultured in PHA after 24 hours, the ratio of CD3/CD69 positive PBMCs of the simple composite group was significantly higher than that of the graded composite material group (P < 0.01). The numbers of PBMCs activated by the graded composite material group were less than that of the simply composite material group and the technique of graded composite will be helpful to improve its immunocompatibility.
Adult ; Cells, Cultured ; Dental Porcelain ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; immunology ; Zirconium ; chemistry ; pharmacology

A simple plasma spraying method was employed in coating hydroxyapaptite (HA) on to carbon/carbon composites (C/C composites). The morphology of the coating was examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phase constitutions of the HA coating were determined by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The shear strength of the HA coating-C/C composite substrates was detected. A hydroxyapatite coating with rough surface was observed. A considerable amount of amorphous phase appeared as a result from the coating process, which could be transformed into the morphous phase crystalline HA after subsequent heat treatment. The shear strength between the HA coating and C/C composite substrates was 7.15 MPa.
Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; Carbon ; chemistry ; Carbon Compounds, Inorganic ; chemistry ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; pharmacology ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of hydroxyapatite (HA)-based desensiti-zing agents and determine their influence on the bonding performance of mild universal adhesives. METHODS: Mid-coronal dentin samples were sectioned from human third molars and prepared for a dentin-sensitive model. According to desensitizing applications, they were randomly divided into four groups for the following treatments: no desensitizing treatment (control), Biorepair toothpaste (HA-based desensitizing toothpaste) treatment, Dontodent toothpaste (HA-based desensitizing toothpaste) treatment, and HA paste treatment. Dentin tubular occlusion and occluded area ratios were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, All-Bond Universal, Single Bond Universal, and Clearfil Universal Bond were applied to the desensitized dentin in self-etch mode. The wettability and surface free energy (SFE) of desensitized dentin were evaluated by contact angle measurements. Bonded specimens were sectioned into beams and tested for micro-tensile bond strength to analyze the effect of desensitizing treatment on the bond strength to dentin of universal adhesives. RESULTS: SEM revealed that the dentin tubule was occluded by HA-based desensitizing agents, and the area ratios for the occluded dentin tubules were in the following order: HA group>Biorepair group>Dontodent group (P<0.05). Contact angle analysis demonstrated that HA-based desensitizing agents had no statistically significant influence on the wettability of the universal adhesives (P>0.05). The SFE of dentin significantly increased after treatment by HA-based desensitizing agents (P<0.05). The micro-tensile bond strength test showed that HA-based desensitizing toothpastes always decreased the μTBS values (P<0.05), whereas the HA paste group presented similar bond strength to the control group (P>0.05), irrespective of universal adhesive types. CONCLUSIONS HA-based desensitizing agents can occlude the exposed dentinal tubules on sensitive dentin. When mild and ultra-mild universal adhesives were used for subsequent resin restoration, the bond strength was reduced by HA-based desensitizing toothpastes, whereas the pure HA paste had no adverse effect on bond strength.
Humans ; Dental Cements/analysis* ; Dentin/chemistry* ; Durapatite/pharmacology* ; Tensile Strength ; Toothpastes

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to compare and determine a kind of nano-hydroxyapatite composite material with good antibacterial efficacy on Enterococcusfaecalis (E. faecalis) in vitro.

METHODSWe investigated the antimicrobial activity of four kinds of nano-hydroxyapatite composites, namely, silver/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Ag/nHA), yttrium/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Yi/nHA), cerium/hydroxyapatite composite nanoparticles (Ce/nHA), and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA), against E. faecalis in vitro using the agar diffusion and broth dilution method by measuring the growth inhibition zone and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), respectively.

RESULTSThe agar diffusion test results showed that Ag/nHA displayed an obvious growth inhibition zone, whereas Yi/nHA, Ce/nHA, and nHA showed no influence on E. faecalis. The MIC value of Ag/nHA was 1.0 g.L-1, and the three other materials had no effect on E.faecalis even at the high concentration of 32.0 g.L-1.

CONCLUSIONAg/nHA display a potential antimicrobial efficacy to planktonic E.faecalis. Whereas, the three other kinds of nano-hydroxyapatite composites (Yi/nHA, Ce/nHA, nHA) show no influence.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Durapatite ; pharmacology ; Enterococcus faecalis ; drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Nanocomposites ; toxicity ; Silver

Compound membranes of chitosan/hydroxyapatite were prepared by blending. The physical performance showed that the air-water contact angles decreased from chitosan's 103 degrees to chitosan/hydroxyapatite's 57 and the water adsorption rate increased slightly. When immersed into culture medium, the materials adsorbed Ca2+, and low crystalline hydroxyapatite deposited on the surface of the membranes. Chitosan/hydroxyapatite compound membranes could enhance the attachment and proliferation of mescenchymal stem cells (MSCs). After 12 days' induction on the materials, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity value of MSCs on the compound membrane was 10.1, being much higher than 1.6 on chitosan membrane (P<0.01). All these results indicate that chitosan does not have very good affinity for MSCs, but the biocompatibility of chitosan can be apparently enhanced after mixing with hydroxyapatite. The compound membrane stimulates MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts and it may be a good potential material for bone substitution.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bone Substitutes ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chitosan ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Durapatite ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Membranes, Artificial ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Rats

The purpose of the present study was to observe the structure and functional change of the bone-coating-prosthesis interface in vivo and to evaluate the histocompatibility of self-made prosthetic femoral components in the body and the degree of their bonding with the surrounding bone tissues as well as their stability. Six mature beagle dogs underwent bilateral hip replacement with prosthetic femur components. Three groups were established in terms of different coating of prothesis (four joints in each group): atmosphere (A) plasma-sprayed pure titanium (Ti) prosthetic joint with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating (HA+Ti+A group); vacuum (V) plasma-sprayed pure Ti prosthetic joint with HA coating (HA+Ti+V group); vacuum plasma-sprayed pure Ti prosthetic joint with Ti-HA stepped coating (Ti+HAG+Ti+V group). The hip joints were functionally evaluated, and subjected to X-ray examination, biomechanics inspection, and histological examination. As a result, X-ray imaging revealed all prosthetic joints were in a good location and no dislocation of joint was found. Shear strength of interface was significantly higher in Ti+HAG+Ti+V group than in HA+Ti+V group (P<0.05) and HA+Ti+A group (P<0.05) at 28th week. Histological examination showed the amount of newborn bone in Ti+HAG+Ti+V group was more than in HA+Ti+V group and HA+Ti+A group after 28 weeks. It was suggested that vacuum plasma-sprayed pure Ti prosthetic joint with TI-HA stepped coating could improve the bonding capacity of bone-prosthesis, enhance the stability of prosthesis, and increase the fixion of prosthetic femoral components because of better bone growth. This new type of biological material in prosthetic femoral components holds promises for application in clinical practice.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; drug effects ; physiology ; Bone Development ; drug effects ; physiology ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; pharmacology ; Dogs ; Durapatite ; pharmacology ; Femur ; drug effects ; physiology ; Prostheses and Implants ; Titanium ; pharmacology ; Vacuum

This study sought to assess the effect of a new nano-root filling material, nano-hydroxyapatite polyamide66 (nHA-PA66), on the growth of osteoblast cultured in vitro so as to evaluate its osteoblast-compatibility and potential to be used as root canal filling material. The Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Media (DMEM) leaching liquor of nHA-PA66 was applied to the osteoblasts of the test group while the DMEM itself was applied to control. The MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the changes in cell growth and cell cycle. The relative proliferative ratio of different concentrations of nHA-PA66 ranged between 98%-106% without dose-dependent effect. The proportion and time of different subcycle of the two groups were close to each other. nHA-PA66 showed no negative effects on the osteoblasts' growth and cell cycle. These led to the suggestion that nHA-PA66 is not cytotoxic to osteoblast and is a promising material in clinical use.
Biocompatible Materials ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Durapatite ; pharmacology ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Humans ; Nanotubes ; Nylons ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Root Canal Filling Materials ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of nanometer hydroxyapatite on the proliferation and the osteogenetic differentiation of periodontal ligament cells (PDLC).

METHODSNano-hydroxyapatite powders were fabricated with sol-gel method. The fourth passage periodontal ligament cells were cultured with nanometer hydroxyapatite powder (nano-HA), dense hydroxyapatite powder (dense-HA) and only medium as control respectively. On the 5th, 8th day of culture, the osteogenetic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells was evaluated though alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, ALP immunohistochemical stain and ALP positive flow cytometry.

RESULTSThere were significant differences among nano-HA group, dense-HA group and control group on the 5th and 8th day of culture. A majority of nano-HA group and dense-HA group cells sample showed positive ALP stain. But the ALP positive stain of nano-HA group cells sample was denser than that of dense-HA group. In FCM, the distribution of ALP positive cells cultured with nanoparticles were significantly more than that of other groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe nano-HA, as a calcium phosphate biomaterial, has ability to promote the activity of osteogenetic differentiation for periodontal ligament cells compared with dense-HA.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Durapatite ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Periodontal Ligament ; cytology ; enzymology