Objective To explore the risk factors for patients with massive hemoptysis in tuberculosis and to provide a strategy for clinical treatment for tuberculosis massive hemoptysis (TMH). Methods Chi-square test and multivariate logistics analysis were applied to analyze the medical data of 241 cases of TMH. Results Chi-squared test showed that eleven factors were found to be significantly correlated with TMH. Longer disease course (≥3 months), lung lesions range ≥ 3 lung fields, pulmonary tuberculosis cavity, a higher smoking index (≥400 cigarettes per year) and clinical treatment were risk factors for TMH. Patients aged 45 years or older accompanied with bronchiectasia, pulmonary fungal infection, diabetes or hepatopathy had higher probabilities of developing massive hemoptysis. Multivariate analysis showed lung lesions range over 3 lung fields (OR = 2.447,P = 0.015), pulmonary tuberculosis cavity (OR = 2.486, P = 0.004), bronchial asthma (OR =3.192,P = 0.002), pulmonary fungal infection (OR = 3.896, P = 0.005) and hepatopathy (OR = 3.101, P =0.006) were final risk factors for TMH. Conclusion Multiple factors contributed to patients with massive hemoptysis in tuberculosis. Lung lesions range over 3 lung fields, pulmonary tuberculous cavities, bronchial asthma, lung fungal infection and hepatopathy might be the independent risk factors for TMH.

Objective To establish and verify nomogram prediction model with portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis,so as to evaluate its clinical application value.Methods The clinical data of 464 patients with cirrhosis with or without PVT admitted by our hospital from January 2015 to October 2022 were collected,univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the independent risk factors for PVT in patients with liver cirrhosis,and a nomogram prediction model was established,and the nomogram pre-diction model was verified for discrimination,calibration and clinical validity.Results Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression a-nalysis showed that the history of splenectomy,portal vein diameter,D-dimer and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio(CAR)were independent risk factors for cirrhosis with portal vein thrombosis(P＜0.05),the above independent risk factors were incorporated and a nomogram prediction model was successfully established.The nomogram was verified in both the modeling and validation populations:the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were 0.846(95％CI:0.803-0.888)and 0.815(95％CI:0.743-0.887),respectively,and the prediction model had good discrimination.The P-values in Hosmer-Lemeshow test were 0.783 and 0.453,respectively,and the model fitted well.The calibration chart showed that the nomogram model showed good calibration for the pre-diction probability of liver cirrhosis with PVT.Decision curve analysis(DCA)showed that the nomogram had good application value.Conclusion By establishing and validating a simple and practical nomogram prediction model for the risk of PVT in patients with cirrho-sis,it can help clinicians identify and intervene high-risk patients early.