No abstract available.
Ampulla of Vater* ; Duodenum ; Tuberculosis*

Study on 4 cases of malignant tumor of Vater’s ampulla operated at Viet-Duc Hospital and 1 case treated at University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City between August 2003 and December 2004. Results: clinical sign is biliary obstruction jaundice. Gastroduodenoscopy with flexible tube found that papilla of Vater with the diameter lower than 3cm (histological finding: carcinomas), without metastasis to adjacent duodenum. Tumor invasion into head of pancreas and the lower of choledochous duct was determined by pancreatic and liver ultrasound, CT scanner or MRI examinations, in combination with intraoperative balance, immediate biopsy of lymph nodes in group 14 and group 8, sections of bile duct, pancreatic duct and duodenum in order to ensure the elimination of surgery. Initial outcomes showed that there wasn’t post-operative complication or death.
Ampulla of Vater ; Duodenum ; Therapeutics ; Surgery

Ampulla of Vater (AoV) is a small dilated duct less than 1.5 cm long, formed by the union of pancreatic duct and common bile duct. AoV has also anatomic layer of mucosa, sphincter of Oddi, perisphincteric or duodenal submucosa, and duodenal proper muscle, which corresponds to mucosa, muscularis mucosa, submucosa, and proper muscle layer of other gastrointestinal tract organs, respectively. Because of its small compact size and variation of anatomic structure, it is sometimes difficult to identify layering architecture of AoV. This anatomic difficulty may cause some problem in T classification of ampullary carcinoma (AC). The most confusing point in T classification is the vague definition of T2, "Tumor invades duodenal wall". It seems that duodenal wall includes duodenal mucosa, submucosa, and proper muscle layer. However there is no precise description or definition about duodenal wall that might lead personal variation in T classification of AC staging. We found that clinical course of AC with perisphincteric and/or duodenal submucosal invasion is more close to AC with T2 than T1. Although it is described as T1b according to T classification scheme of ordinary gastrointestinal tract cancer, we thought AC with T1b may have more high-grade malignant potential than those of other gastrointestinal (GI) tract malignancy. AC showed various clinicopatholgic findings that represent heterogeneous tumor groups within category of AC. Recently site-specific classification of AC was introduced, and it showed relatively well-categorized clinical prognosis. It may be reasonable to understand site-specific tumorigenesis in AC. The standard gross protocol is needed to evaluate pathologic T classification of AC. In conclusion, ampullary neoplasm is composed of various subtypes, which require a separate approach according to anatomic epicenter of ampullary neoplasm. Although submucosal invasion in AC was classified into pT1b, its' biologic behavior is more close to pT2.
Ampulla of Vater ; Carcinogenesis ; Classification ; Common Bile Duct ; Duodenum ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Prognosis ; Sphincter of Oddi

Percutaneous transhepatic intervention for removal of common bile duct stones is introduced as a secondary choice of treatment in the high-risk patient. Through a percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage catheter, a Dormia basket was inserted and the stone was entraped. Then the stone was crushed and fragments were passed spontaneously to the duodenum through the Ampulla of Vater. We experienced one case of successful treatment of a common bile duct stone using percutaneous transhepatic insertion of the Dormia basket.
Ampulla of Vater ; Catheters ; Common Bile Duct* ; Drainage ; Duodenum ; Humans

No abstract available.
Duodenum*

Dieulafoy's lesion is an uncommon but important cause of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The lesion usually occurs in the lesser curvature of the stomach within 6 cm of the gastroesophageal junction but extragastric locations of Dieulafoy's lesion are rare. In this study, diagnosis of Dieulafoy's lesion was frequently made by endoscopy instead of surgery. Hemostasis was achieved by endoscopic treatment in more than 90% of patients. We report the successful application of endoscopic hemoclipping for treatment of active bleeding from Dieulafoy's lesion in the ampulla of Vater of the duodenum.
Ampulla of Vater* ; Diagnosis ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Hemorrhage ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Stomach

Pancreas-sparing total duodenectomy (PSTD), which allows preservation of the pancreas in its entirety is a promising procedure for benign or premalignant lesions at duodenum without invading the pancreas. We report two cases of tubular adenoma of Ampulla of Vater and a GIST of duodenum, which were resected by PSTD. The proximal duodenum was transected at 2 cm distal of pylorus and the distal end was cut in the distal portion of the Treitz ligament. The proximal jejunal limb was used for biliary-pancreatic duct systems reconstruction with end-to-side anastomosis and distal jejunum was anastomosed to duodenal bulb with an end-to-side anastomosis. Although a pancreatic fistula occurred in one patient, it was improved by conservative management. PSTD is a challenging surgical technique and requires excellent knowledge of anatomy. If performed for appropriate indications, PSTD is a useful alternative to formal pancreatoduodenecotmy and can be done safely with gastrointestinal function maintained.
Adenoma ; Ampulla of Vater ; Duodenum ; Extremities ; Humans ; Jejunum ; Ligaments ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Fistula ; Pylorus

Hemobilia is a hemorrhage into the biliary tract and is a relatively rare cause of bleeding in the digestive tract. Gallbladder cancer is the most common tumor in the biliary tract. Gastrointestinal bleeding including hemobilia is reported in only 3% of cases of gallbladder cancer. Here, we report two rare cases of gallbladder cancer diagnosed by the detection of hemobilia. One case was an anemic patient with no abnormal endoscopic findings; capsule endoscopy showed blood in the duodenum and repeat gastroendoscopy revealed hemorrhage from the ampulla of Vater. The diagnosis of early gallbladder cancer was made and the patient underwent surgery and was followed-up. The other case presented with a symptom triad including hemobilia, and endoscopic retrograded cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) revealed hemobilia and a filling defect in the gallbladder. This patient also underwent radical cholecystectomy with the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.
Ampulla of Vater ; Biliary Tract ; Capsule Endoscopy ; Cholecystectomy ; Duodenum ; Gallbladder ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemobilia ; Hemorrhage ; Humans

Objective: To evaluate the radiographic characteristics of the ampulla of Vater cancer. Subjects and Methods:The authors analyzed retrospectively the US(n=25) and CT(n=15) findings in 25 cases of ampulla of Vater cancer, with emphasis on the potential of CT & US in regand to the detectibility of the mass. ERCP(n=15) and hypotonic duodenography(n=5) were also evaluated for the configuration of obstructed duct. RESULTS: The tumor was detected on sonography in only 12 cases(48%) as a small, relatively well delinated mass with slighty low echogenicity to the pancreas. The tumor was shown by CT in 8 cases(53% ) as a well delinated mass protruding into the second portion of duodenal lumen with slightly low attenuation to the pancreas. CBD was dilated in 25 cases(100%), but pancreatic duct was dilated in 15 cases(60%). Obstructed end of CBD was nipple shaped in 7 cases(47%), clubbed in 3, flat in 3, and indistict in 2 by ERCP. Hypotonic duodenogram showed irregular filling defect in the medial wall of second portion of the duodenum in 5 cases (100%). CONCLUSION: Mas detection rate crsing US or CT were not high in ampulla of Vater cancer. Except for a CT finding of a small mass protruding into the regional duodenal lumen, other finclings were nonspecific. Therefore, additional studies or more afgressive approach should be attempted for a correct diagnosis.
Ampulla of Vater* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Diagnosis ; Duodenum ; Nipples ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Retrospective Studies

Gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare and benign gastrointestinal tumor that usually arises in the second portion of the duodenum. Histogenesis of this tumor is yet unclear. It is incidentally found during radiographic examinations or during endoscopy looking for the cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage, which usually manifests as mucosal ulcerations. To our knowledge, there was only one case of duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma presenting with melena in Korea. We experienced a case of gangliocytic paraganglioma arising from the ampulla of Vater, presenting as obstructive jaundice, which was subsequently removed surgically. Thus, we report this case with a review of literatures.
Ampulla of Vater* ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Jaundice* ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Korea ; Melena ; Paraganglioma* ; Ulcer