OBJECTIVETo explore the association of occupational injuries, with their individual safety perception and safety behaviors in steel workers, so as to provide basis for preventing and controlling occupational injuries.

METHODSCase-control design was used to compare the difference in safety perception and safety behaviors between the injury group and the control, and also to compare the difference in safety behaviors between different safety perception groups.

RESULTSThere were remarkable differences in attitude toward the safety degree of the work (chi(2) = 5.444, P < 0.05), and accidents happening (chi(2) = 4.552, P < 0.05) between case group and control group. There were remarkable difference in safety behaviors including manual operations instead of facilities (chi(2) = 10.015, P < 0.01), cleaning up, examining or adjusting machine during work (chi(2) = 7.351, P < 0.05), attention diversion (chi(2) = 10.937, P < 0.01) and unsafe wearing (chi(2) = 7.521, P < 0.05) between case group and control group. There were also significant differences in many safety behaviors between those who thought the job was safe or unsafe.

CONCLUSIONThere is some association of occupational injuries with safety perception and safety behaviors. To reduce the occurrence of occupational injury, measures should been focused on strengthening safety management and controlling unsafe behaviors.

Accidents, Occupational ; prevention & control ; Adult ; Attitude ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Health ; Occupational Injuries ; prevention & control ; Risk Factors ; Safety ; Steel ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of CYP-1A1 and CYP2D6 and risks of chronic benzene poisoning (BP).

METHODSA case control study was conducted. 152 BP patients and 152 workers occupationally exposed to benzene without poisoning manifestations were involved. Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technology was used for detecting the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MspI in the non-coding region of CYP-1A1 gene and c.188, g.212 position in the first extron of CYP2D6 gene.

RESULTSThe individuals with CYP1A1 MspI T/T genotype had a 1.32 times (95% CI: 1.05 approximately 1.65, P = 0.02) increased risk of BP compared with those carrying T/C and C/C genotypes. In no-smoking population, there was a 1.56 times (95% CI: 1.15 approximately 2.12, P = 0.003) increased risk of BP for subjects carrying CYP1A1 MspIT/T genotype compared with those carrying T/C and C/C genotypes. The individuals carrying CYP2D6 c.188 C/C or C/T genotype had a 1.23 times (95% CI: 1.05 approximately 1.42, P = 0.01) increased risk compared with those carrying T/T genotypes. In no-smoking population, there was a 1.23 times (95% CI: 1.04 approximately 1.47, P = 0.01) increased risk of BP for subjects carrying CYP2D6 c.188 C/C or C/T genotypes compared with those carrying T/T genotype. The single nucleotide polymorphism of g.212 position in the first extron of CYP2D6 gene had not been validated.

CONCLUSIONThe individuals with CYP2D6 c.188 C/C, CYP2D6 c.188 C/T and CYP1A1 MspIT/T genotypes tend to be more susceptible to benzene toxicity.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Objective To observe the effect of changing grain and selenium supplementation for 1-year on control of children's Kaschin-Beck disease in Qinghai province. Methods Epidemiology, clinical and right-hand X-ray examination were carried out on children aged 7 - 12 years in 2008. Patients were diagnosed and divided into 3 groups by village, control group from Xinjianping village in Guide county, changing grain group from Xiemalang village in Guide county and supplying salt with selenium and iodine group from Shanglujuan and Xialujuan villages in Xinghai county. One year before and after the treatment, right-hand X-ray photograph (including carpal bones)was taken and child hair samples were collected, selenium was detected by 2,3-diaminonaphthalene fluorescence spectrophotometry. Results After 1 year prevention and control, the detectable rate of X-ray in control group was raised from 4.88%(2/41) to 12.20%(5/41) , the detection rate in changing grain group was declined from 17.54%(10/57) to 5.26%(3/57), and from 13.51%(10/74) to 5.41%(4/74) in supplying salt with selenium and iodine group. In changing grain group, there were 10 patients, 7 cases were cured, 2 patients stable, 1 case progressed,no new case;in supplying salt with selenium and iodine group of 10 patients, 7 were cured, 3 patients stable, 1 new diagnosed case;in control group, 2 patients stable, 2 new diagnosed metaphysis cases, 1 new diagnosed metaphyseal case. Compared with control group, the difference was statistically significant between changing grain group and supplying salt with selenium and iodine group(x2 = 5.49,4.14, all P ＜ 0.05). After 1 year control and prevention,hair selenium contents in control group and changing grain group were increased from (107.15 ± 42.30), (125.30 ±40.30)μg/kg to (108.32 ± 35.67), (135.38 ± 65.24)μg/kg, the difference was statistically insignificant(t = 0.01,0.68, all P ＞ 0.05), and selenium contents in supplying salt with selenium and iodine group were obviously increased from (95.62 ± 43.42)μg/kg to (197.64 ± 97.08)μg/kg (t = 5.41, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Changing grain and supplying selenium can prevent and control children's Kaschin-Beck disease.

AIM: To study the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of the bulbs of Lycoris radiata. METHODS: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques, and the chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. In addition, the antiviral activities of alkaloids 1-10 were evaluated using flu virus A. RESULTS: One new homolycorine-type alkaloid 2α-methoxy-6-O-ethyloduline (1), together with nine known alkaloids 2α-methoxy-6-O-methyloduline (2), trispherine (3), 8-O-demethylhomolycorine (4), homolycorine (5), 9-O-demethylhomolycorine (6), oduline (7), lycorenine (8), 6α-O-methyllycorenine (9) and O-ethyllycorenine (10) were obtained. CONCLUSION Alkaloid 1 is a new compound, and 1-3 were major alkaloids in this plant. Alkaloids 1-3 showed weak antiviral activities against flu virus A with IC50 values of 2.06, 0.69, and 2.71 μg·mL-1 and CC50 values of 14.37, 4.79, and 80.12 μg·mL-1, respectively.
Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Influenza A virus ; drug effects ; Lycoris ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology