Anemia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Cell Hypoxia ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Osteogenesis ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Osteogenesis

OBJECTIVETo observe the impact of tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines contained in Yiqi Qingwen Jiedu mixture on mRNA expression of lung inflammatory cytokines and pulmonary pathological injury of mice infected by influenza virus, in order to discuss the mechanism of tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines against pulmonary immune inflammatory injury of infected mice.

METHODIn different time phases after mice were infected with influenza virus FM1, the RT-PCR method was adopted to observe the impact of tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines contained in Yiqi Qingwen Jiedu mixture on five inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ, and the changes in pulmonary pathological injury of mice with viral pneumonia after intervention with tonifying qi traditional Chinese medicines.

RESULT(1) Tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines significantly reduced the mRNA expression of TNF-α at 1-5 d and IL-1 mRNA expression at 7 d, may increase IL-1 mRNA expression in mouse lung at 3 d, significantly reduced IL-6 mRNA expression in mouse lung and increased IL-10 mRNA expression at 3-7 d, and significantly increased IFN-γ mRNA expression at 1 d. (2) Tonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines could significantly inhibited and repaired pulmonary immune inflammatory injury of mice infected by FM1, which was most remarkable at 3-7 d after the infection with influenza virus FM1.

CONCLUSIONTonifying Qi traditional Chinese medicines contained in Yiqi Qingwen Jiedu mixture could resist pulmonary immune inflammatory injury and repair inflammatory injury by regulating the mRNA expression of imbalance inflammatory cytokines of organisms infected with influenza virus.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; drug effects ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-1 ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; immunology ; Lung ; immunology ; virology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To construct small RNA deletion and overexpression strains with a length of less than 100 nt in Yersinia pestis.Methods Deletion mutants of the target sRNAs were constructed by increasing the length of homologous regions.Meanwhile, the high copy plasmid pBAD/HisA was modified into an inducible transcriptional vector as an sRNA-overexpression plasmid by using QuikChange lightning site-directed mutagenesis kit .The presence , size, and transcription-al initiation sites of the indicated sRNA were predicted by transcriptome sequencing , primer extension , and previous stud-ies.The full-length DNA fragments of target sRNAs were transformed into the transcriptional vector .The overexpressing strains of sRNAs were identified by Northern Blot .Results and Conclusion Four sRNAs deletion mutants of sR01, sR02, sR03 and HmsA and three sRNAs overexpression mutants MicF , HmsA and CpxQ were successfully constructed .A method of construction of sRNA deficient and overexpressing strains of Y.pestis has been quickly and efficiently established by λ-Red homologous recombination technology and QuikChange ? lightning site-directed mutagenesis kit.

OBJECTIVETo estimate the association of driver sleepiness with the risk of car crashes.

METHODSA population-based case-control study was conducted in Shenyang, a northeastern city in China, between November 2001 and July 2002. The case group comprised 406 car drivers involved in crashes, and 438 car drivers recruited at randomly selected sites, and on the day of week, and the time of day when they were driving on highways in the study region during the study period were used as control groups. Face-to-face interviews with drivers were conducted according to a well-structured questionnaire covering the circumstances of their current trip and their background information. Stanford sleepiness scale and Epworth sleepiness scale were used to quantify acute sleepiness and chronic sleepiness respectively.

RESULTSThere was a strong association between chronic sleepiness and the risk of car crash. Significantly increased risk of crash was associated with drivers who identified themselves as sleepy (Epworth sleepiness score > or = 10 vs < 10; adjusted odds ratio 2.07, 95% confidence interval 1.30 to 3.29), but no increased risk was associated with measures of acute sleepiness.

CONCLUSIONSChronic sleepiness in car drivers significantly increases the risk of car crash. Reductions in road traffic injuries may be achieved if fewer people drive when they are sleepy.

Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Aged ; Automobile Driving ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Fatigue ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Risk Factors ; Sleep ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVEIn order to explore a new method to perform the medial canthoplasty applied with upper eyelid fold formation in a single procedure.

METHODSAccording to the principles to correct the deformity of the medial canthus, a new method was designed to fetch up the skin defect of the medial side of upper eyelid, minimize the skin scarring around the medial canthus, and form upper eyelid fold.

RESULTSThe 86 cases, which mild or moderate epicanthus without upper eyelid fold, were treated with this technique and long-term follow-ups above 6 months were made. The 67 cases were given the follow-ups. The appearances of upper eyelid fold and medial canthus were evaluated. The appearances of eyelid fold were paralleled type. The epicanthus was corrected completely or in major.

CONCLUSIONSThis new canthoplastic method with upper eyelid fold formation may be suitable to all the medial epicanthus except inverse epicanthus. All of the patients were satisfied with the final results.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Eyelids ; surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEAdhesive or too highly located folds upper eyelid and even blepharoptosis are common complications of double eyelid operation. To correct such deformities.

METHODWe shifted down the double eyelid line, removed adhesion thoroughly, relieved orbital fat and restarted the volume with infraorbicularis oculi fat flap.

RESULTWe had treated 32 case in past two years. The results were satisfying.

CONCLUSIONThe method are acted easy and gained fine result, so behaving to extend application.

Adipose Tissue ; transplantation ; Adult ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Eye Abnormalities ; etiology ; surgery ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Oculomotor Muscles ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Tissue Adhesions ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the significance of c-fos oncogene morphogenetic protein's locational expression, and the correlativity between nerve transmitters calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression and nerve root's functional change using the animal model of the chronic compressive injury in the nerve root.

METHODSThe animal model of chronic compressive injury of the nerve root was established by transplanting autogenous cancellous bone into the intervertebral foramen. During different injury phase (1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 weeks after operation), the functional status of the nerve root was determined under the monitoring of evoked potential, and the expression changes of c-fos oncogene morphogenetic protein and nerve transmitter CGRP were detected using in situ hybridization technique and their expression intensity was determined using automatic image analytic instrument respectively.

RESULTSOne week after operation, the c-fos expression strengthened in both anterior and posterior root fiber obviously. Two to four weeks after operation, the expression of the posterior root fiber weakened than the anterior root fiber. After 12 weeks, the anterior root fiber expression turned down obviously, however the posterior root fiber expression backed up slightly compared with that of the 8 weeks. By the time of 24 weeks after operation, the expression enhancement in all roots disappeared. CGRP expression increased obviously at the site of compressive axon of both anterior and posterior root. The expression of the posterior root axon and ganglion cell was higher than that of the anterior root axon. CGRP expression was diminished in the second week than the first week, and that was especially obvious in the posterior root and ganglion cell. But 4 weeks after operation, the expression enhanced once more, and that was more obvious inside the anterior root axon. Eight weeks after operation, the expression intensity attained the high peak. Twelve weeks after operation, the expression started the slow-moving descent.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of c-fos gene protein is beneficial to localize the damaged part of certain nerve. During chronic injury, the degeneration of posterior root sensory fiber is earlier than the anterior root motor fiber. The expression of CGRP strengthened when the nerve fiber degenerated by the harmful stimulation, and the expression intensity is positively related with pain. That suggests when the nervous tissue is hurt, the information of warning and regulation should be sent out to our body.

Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; metabolism ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Radiculopathy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the risk factors of road injury.

METHODSCase-control study was used. From November 2001 to August 2002, 406 drivers who had 438 drivers who had not experienced a motor vehicle crash in Huanggu district, Shenyang city were recruited by randomly selection on time of day, day of week and site in the same period at same district. Face to face interviews with drivers were conducted according to a highly structured questionnaire covering the circumstances of the current trip, usual behavior and background characteristics of the drivers and the condition of motor vehicles. Stanford sleepiness scale and Epworth sleepiness scale were used to quantify acute and chronic sleepiness respectively.

RESULTSIncreased risk was associated with drivers who identified themselves as having chronic doziness (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.26 - 3.12). Increase in risk was associated with measures of acute tiredness, but without statistical significance (OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 0.89 - 6.31). Comparing to permanent daytime work pattern, rotating shifts or permanent night-work pattern increased the risk of crash (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.48 - 2.94). The risk of motor vehicle crash among the drivers who drank alcohol in the previous 6 hours was 3.59 times (95% CI: 1.13 - 11.39) of those drivers who did not drink. Driving violations also contributed to the increased risk of crash (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.22 - 2.46).

CONCLUSIONFactors as chronic doziness, rotating shifts or permanent night-work pattern, driving under alcohol impairment, violation of motor vehicle regulation all significantly increased the risk of road injury. Acute sleepiness might serve as a potential risk factor for road injury.

Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Automobile Driving ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo present the clinical application of composite graft of acellular allo-dermis matrix (ADM) with thin auto-microskin on burn wound.

METHODS8 inpatients with 18 full thickness skin burn wounds were transplanted with allo-ADM after eschar was excised, then the auto-microskin and allo-human skin were covered on the area of the matrix, the wound where no allo-ADM grafting were covered as control groups only with auto-microskin and allo-human skin. The area of donor to wound is 1:5 - 1:8.

RESULTSSurvived rate of 18 pieces composite skin that allo-ADM with auto-microskin were grafted were 94%. After following up for 3 to 13 months, the skins of complex grifting had well elastic and smooth texture compared to auto-microskin grafted, they appeared less cicatrisation and ulceration. 3 months after operation, it was indicated by histological examination that tightknit the epithelial-dermal conjunction and epidermal papilla structure could be identified in the allo-ADM skin and there were orderly collagenous fibres, but scar skin structure was observed in that auto-microskin grifted area.

CONCLUSIONThe graft effectiveness of allo-ADM and auto-microskin was better than that of auto-microskin, and this method could be used on major deep burn wound healing.

Adult ; Burns ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome