Large numbers of Plasmodium chabaudi gametocytes can be produced in the splene-ctomized Wistar rats 3-4 days after the intravenous inoculation of high parasitaemia mouse blood. On the 8-9th day, the number of gametocytes reduced greatly. The level of gametocytaemia was related to the time of splenectomy and the amount of the infected blood inoculated. The gametocytes in the rat were normal in their ability of exflagellation and their infectivity to anophelines.

Objective To observe and research the influence of vaginal delivery and cesarean section by two kinds of mode of delivery on maternal infant outcome of re-pregnancy after cesarean section.Methods 258 patients with re-pregnancy after cesarean section were selected,they were divided into vaginal delivery group(73 cases) and cesarean section group(185 cases) according to the different delivery mode.The maternal puerperal infection rate,24h postpartum hemorrhage volume,days,cost of hospitalization,lochia time and neonatal in hospital of both two groups were compared.Results The success rate of vaginal delivery was 69.52％,the rate of cesarean section was 71.71％.In vaginal delivery group,maternal puerperal infection rate,24 h postpartum hemorrhage volume,length of hospital stay,cost of hospitalization,lochia time were 1.73 ％,(201.54 ± 107.54) mL,(3.41 ± 0.09) d,(1 540.12 ±117.21),(21.36 ± 13.12) d,which were significantly better than the second cesarean section group [8.11％,(354.64 ± 215.54) mL,(7.45 ± 0.32) d,(4 932.62 ± 786.35),(27.11 ± 17.04) d],the differences were statistically significant (x2 =4.08,t =4.75,7.24,8.91,3.98,all P ＜ 0.05).Delivery of two kinds of mode of delivery of the newborn had no significant differences in birth weight,Apgar score,the rate of infection,intracranial hemorrhage rate and the asphyxia rate(t =0.15,0.09,0.46,0.00,x2 =0.03,all P＞0.05).Conclusion Re-pregnancy after cesarean section is not the choice of cesarean section delivery clinical indications of operation,when the pregnant women with indications of trial production,in strict monitoring downlink vaginal delivery.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of continuous regional arterial infusion using protease-inhibitor and antibiotic in severe acute pancreatitis.Methods Nafamostat Mesilate(NM) and Tienam were infused 2~7 days in succesion through the arterial coeliac trunk after femoral artery puncture in 19 cases with severe acute pancreatitis.Results The mortality was 21.1% and the effective rate was 78.9%.Conclusion This treatment for severe acute pancreatitis,the death rate has not been obviously improved,but it is effective for infection.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the relationship of clinical efficacy between XPD Lys751Gln (A/C),XPD Asp312Asn(G/A)and platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBase, Medline, CJFD,VIP database and WanFang database,studies about the effects of XPD Lys751Gln and XPD Asp312Asn polymorphism on ef-fectiveness,clinical outcomes and adverse drug reaction of platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients were collect-ed,and Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software. RESULTS:Totally 30 studies were included,involving 5 028 patients. Genetic testing showed that XPD Lys751Gln divided into mutant gene (Lys/Gln + Gln/ Gln) and wild-type gene (Lys/Lys),while XPD Asp312Asn divided into mutant gene (Asp/Asn + Asn/Asn) and wild-type gene (Asp/Asp). Results of Me-ta-analysis showed,the progression-free survival (PFS) of Lys/Gln+Gln/Gln patients with platinum in XPD Lys751Gln polymor-phism was obviously lower than Lys/Lys patients [OR=-1.12,95%CI(-1.73,-0.50),P<0.001],while there was no significant difference in the chemotherapy effectiveness and total survival period. The effective rate of Asp/Asn+Asn/Asn patients for platinum in XPD Asp312Asn polymorphism was lower than Asp/Asp patients [OR=0.80,95%CI(0.68,0.96),P=0.02],while there was no significant difference in the total survival period and PFS. Meanwhile,the incidence of Ⅲ-Ⅳ level gastrointestinal adverse reac-tions of Lys/Gln+Gln/Gln with platinum in XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism was higher than Lys/Lys patients [OR=0.43,95%CI (0.20,0.94),P=0.03],and there was no significant difference in Ⅲ-Ⅳ level blood system adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS:XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism may be associated with PFS and Ⅲ-Ⅳ level gastrointestinal adverse reactions for advanced NSCLC patients with platinum-based chemotherapy,while XPD Asp312Asn polymorphism may have effect on platinum-based chemotherapy,both of them may be as estimate the chemotherapy effect and prognosis detection index of platinum-based chemo-therapy.

Objective: To observe the difference in clinical efficacy between acupuncture with point selection based on syndrome differentiation along the meridians and acupuncture at non-meridian and non-acupoint points for functional dyspepsia (FD). Methods: A total of 74 FD patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group, with 37 cases in each group. Both groups received acupuncture treatment. Zusanli (ST 36) and Neiguan (PC 6) were selected in the observation group, with Taichong (LR 3) and Neiting (ST 44) added for excess syndrome, and Gongsun (SP 4) and Yinlingquan (SP 9) added for deficiency syndrome. Four non-meridian and non-acupoint points were selected in the control group. The treatments in both groups were performed once a day with a 2-day break after 5 consecutive treatments, which constituted one treatment course. A total of 4 courses were performed. The scores of Nepean dyspepsia index (NDI) and Leeds dyspepsia questionnaire (LDQ) were recorded before and after treatment, and during follow-up (8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks after recruitment) to assess the clinical efficacy. Results: The NDI scores in the two groups after treatment and at each time point during follow-up were higher than those before treatment (all P<0.05), and the LDQ scores were lower than those before treatment (all P<0.05). The NDI scores after treatment and at each time point during follow-up in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.01); the total LDQ score and scores of upper abdominal pain, postprandial satiety and upper abdominal burning sensation after treatment and at each time point during follow-up in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05).. Conclusion: Acupuncture with point selection based on syndrome differentiation along the meridians has a better curative effect than acupuncture at non meridian and non-acupoint points in the treatment of FD.

Objective To evaluate the images of MRCP acquired by adjusting 0.3 Tesla MR unit heavy T 2-weighted scanning parameters and altering scanning angle and diagnostic correctivity to biliary obstructive disease.Methods Routine MR T 1WI,T 2WI scanning were performed axial in 50 cases of patients with biliary obstruction.All of them were divided into two groups,20 cases of them were scanned coronal with FSE T 2-weighted fixed parameters,30 cases of them were scanned with altering scanning angle,increasing scanning slices,decreasing distance of two near slices,reducing signal collection times(NSA),shortening scanning time.Results The acquired images through adjusting FSE T 2-weighted scanning parameters were visualized clearly.The boundary of cholangiopancreatie ducts were showed clearly.The display rate of biliary and pancreatie ducts was elevaled from 20% to 83.3%.The accuracy of it for evaluating the causes of obstruction was increased from 88.9% to 93.3%.The accuracy of it in the detection of the location of bile duct obstruction was 100%.Conclusion Through adjusting scanning purameters low field MRCP is very helpful in improved images quality and reflecting veliable signs of biliary and pancreatie duct obstruction disease combined with MRI T 1-weighted T 2-weighted message.This method can increased the diagnostic accuracy of the causes of obseruction and supply the reliable ground for clinical treatment.

The hypnozoites of different isolates of P. vivax from Shenzhen and Shixin, Guangdong Province, Changsha, Hunan Province and Yincheng, Hubei Province of China in cultured materials were observed employing immunoperoxidase staining method. The percentages of hypnozoites among exoerythrocytic stages were 40.1, 43. 5, 50. 6 and 57. 1 %, respectively,indicating that the percentage of hypnozoites and the latitude are in positive correlation. The equation is y= - 6. 68+ 2. 05x. When the dlfference in latitude of Plasmodium vivax isolate source was more than 5?, a significant difference in the percentage of hypnozoites in various geographic isolates was found. However, the average diameters of hypnozoites and schizonts among various geographic isolates showed no significant difference. The results showed that ln the regions north to the Yangtze Rlver, the proportion of hypnozoite in the liver stage of P.vivax was larger than those in the southern China, being consistent with the clinical manifestations.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the occurrence and the genotype character of AmpC ?-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli isolated from the Second Hospital affiliated to Harbin Medical University.METHODS K-B disk diffusion test and FOX(≤17mm) test were used as initial screen tests to detect the clinical isolates;AmpC ?-lactamases were confirmed by three-dimentional extract tests;multiple-PCR was used for detecting plasmid-mediated AmpC gene and their genotypes were determined by DNA sequencing;the regulator genes of high producing AmpC isolates of E.coli were cloned to pUCm vectors and sequenced,the difference among them was analyzed by blast method.RESULTS Among total 586 E.coli clinical isolates,10 isolates(1.70%) resisted to cefoxitin;three-dimensional extract tests were positive for all 10 isolates;4 isolates of E.coli were plasmid-mediated DHA-1 type AmpC ?-lactamases by using multiplex PCR and DNA sequencing;6 isolates of chromosomal high level AmpC ?-lactamases-producing E.coli were sequenced and contrasted to that of E.coli K12,showed that they were gene polymorphism.CONCLUSIONS E.coli clinical isolates producing high level AmpC ?-lactamases not only acquire plasmid-mediated DHA-1 AmpC ?-lactamases but also cause by chromosomal ampC promotor or attenuator gene mutations in our hostiptal.

Objective To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rg3 (GS-Rg3) on the hypertrophic scars of rabbit ears and provide experimental foundation for study on its inhibition on the hypertrophic scars. Methods Hypertrophic scars were proved on 24 white rabbits,of which the whole level of the skin was excised for 2 cm?2 cm,4-6 points for each ear,controlled by itself. GS-Rg3 0.1 mL(concentration 3 g?L-1) was injected into experimental group and the same volume of saline solution into control group,once every three days regionally. The scar tissues were collected 2,4 and 6 weeks after the injection respectively,the thickness of the scar,structure under the microscope,and the expressions of PCNA,Bcl-2 and Bax were observed. Results In control group,three weeks after the epithelization of the wound,the thickness of the hypertrophic tissue was 3-4 times of ventro ear skin. Under microscope,the dermis was hyperplasia and got thicker,consisted with amount of fibroblast cells,collagen and vessels,the collagen was untidy,nodule or vortex,and the cartilage could be observed in some region.In experimental group, six weeks after the injection,the skin got thinner,the collagen became neath and the quantity of the vessels decreased. In the hypertrophic scars,there was high expression of PCNA,the percent of positive cells was higher (39.55%?6.07%) compared normal tissue (11.18%?1.71%).In GS-Rg3 group,the expression of Bcl-2 was gradually decreased two weeks after injection and obviously decreased six weeks later,there was significant difference compared with before injection (P

Objective To understand the status and features of nursing care adverse events and to offer scientific basis for improving patient safety management of nursing at high altitude area. Methods Data such as categories, causes, time distribution and other factors of nursing care adverse events were collected from January 2013 to August 2014 in the People′s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region were analyzed. Results Over the study period, 50 adverse events were recorded and the most common types were tube emersion(26%,13/50), pressure sores(14%,7/50) and scald(12%,6/50) respectively. The proportions of different severity of adverse events were hidden events (48%,24/50), events without bad consequence(36%,18/50), adverse events(14%,7/50) and warning events(2%,1/50) respectively. The ineffective communication, inadequate assessment, and not abiding by the rules accounted for 70%(35/50) of the causes of adverse events. 7:00-10:59 and 19:00-22:59 period was the high incidence of adverse events, respectively accounted for 32%(16/50) and 26%(13/50). Conclusions The management of nursing adverse events at high altitude area need to consider the geographical characteristics,besides, to guarantee the implementation of the system,reduce the bed / nurse ratio, improve the comprehensive quality of nurses and other measures can be taken to reduce the occurrence of adverse events.