BACKGROUND:The use of mesenchymal stem cels in the field of tissue engineering for osteoarticular injury repair is a very promising tool since these cels are readily expandable and able to differentiate into chondrocytes. Abundant evidence suggests that microRNAs play critical roles in chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cels.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the chondrogenic effect of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels transfected with lentiviral vectors bearing miR-221-3p/222-3p inhibition, thereby provding new strategies for cartilage injury.
METHODS: miRNA microarray technology was applied to detect microRNAs expression profiles at three different stages of chondrogenic differentiation induction after transforming growth factor-β3 treatment and verified by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were infected with lentivirus bearing miR-221-3p/222-3p inhibition. After co-suppressing the expression of miR-221/222-3p, cel counting kit-8 was used to determine the cel proliferation, the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels towards chondrocytes was verified by type II colagen protein expression through immunohistochemistry and glycosaminoglycan accumulation was also elevated by sarranine O staining. RT-PCR was used to detect type II colagen and aggrecan mRNA expression at 21 days of chondrogenic induction.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of miR-221-3p/222-3p was inhibited after Lv-miR221-3p/222-3p inhibition co-transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. microRNA microarray and RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of miR-221-3p/222-3p was declined significantly at the anaphase of chondrogenic differentiation. The expression levels of chondrogenic markers, Aggrecan and type II colagen were significantly increased in the miR-221-3p/222-3p inhibition group and cel proliferation was also inhibited significantly compared with non-transduced cels or transduced with the empty lentiviral vector group. miR-221-3p/222-3p knockdown in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels could inhibit proliferation but promote chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular and epidemic characteristics of rifampin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in Sichuan.

METHODSGenoType reg; MTBDRplus Assay GTplus was used to examine 68 clinical isolates of MTB and 105 clinical specimens for mutations in rpoB, katG and inhA genes related to RFP and INH resistance.

RESULTSOf the 151 valid tests obtained, 44 (29.14%) and 26 (17.22%) showed drug resistance and multidrug resistance, respectively. Resistance to RFP and INH was found in 21.85% (33/151) and 24.50% (37/151) of the samples, respectively. The most prevalent mutations were rpoB S531L, katG S315T1 and inhA C-15T. The multidrug resistance rate in the sputum specimens was significantly higher than that in the non-respiratory samples (19.35% vs 7.41%).

CONCLUSIONDrug-resistant, especially multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is highly prevalent in Sichuan. The multidrug-resistant bacteria most frequently show rpoB S531L combined with katG S315T1 mutations, suggesting the necessity of developing rapid clinical identification methods for drug-resistant MTB to control the spread of the resistant strains.

DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Genotype ; Humans ; Isoniazid ; pharmacology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Rifampin ; pharmacology ; Sputum ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant ; diagnosis ; microbiology

Objective To systemically evaluate the different on the incidence of cardiovascular events of platelet aggregation inhibitors ticagrelor and clopidogrel for acute coronary syndrome (ACS),so provide cardiovascular event reference for the selection ofACS platelet inhibitors.Methods Articles were collected according to the inclusion criteria from the database CNKI,Chongqing VIP,Taylor & Francis Open Access Journals,Wanfang,Cochrane Library,SinoMed,EMbase and PubMed from Jan.2000 to May 2017.Review Manager 5.3 was used for data analysis to get the odds ratio (OR) as final effect value.Publication bias of the literatures and the sensitivity of the study were also analyzed with the software.Results A total of 12 articles involving 86 849 patients were included,i.e.,8 random controlled trials,2 case control studies and 2 cohort studies.Quality assessment with Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews shows that,most studies gave low risks in 7 bias aspects.Jadad score assessment was employed in 8 random controlled trials,with 4 studies getting 3 points,3 getting 4 points and 1 getting 5 points,implying the significant quality of the included studies.Meta-analysis showed that compared with clopidogrel,significantly lower cardiovascular mortality (OR=0.80,95％CI:0.72-0.89,P＜0.01) and incidence of myocardial infarction (OR=0.78,95％CI:0.61-0.99,P＜0.05)were with ticagrelor.Conclusion Compared to clopidogrel,ticagrelor may lead to lower cardiovascular mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction in treatment of ACS.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the molecular characteristics and genetic correlations of Vibrio cholerae isolates in Hainan in 2008, so as to provide pathogenic proof to diagnose the plague.

METHODSSeventy six cholera strains were isolated from this cholera epidemic.69 strains were obtained from patients, 7 were isolated from external environment, among which, one was from patient's toilet, one from water sample, three were isolated from fish pond near patient's home, one came from swab of the patient vomit on the ground of health center and one from swab of kitchen knife from Hainan University canteen respectively. With conventional aetiological methods, pulse-field gel electrophoresis was conducted and the patterns of the 76 isolates were analyzed. The PFGE image was analyzed using BioNumerics (Version4.0, Applied Maths BVBA, Belium). Image bands were identified and similarity coefficient was automatically generated.

RESULTSSeventy six strains were isolated from Vibrio cholerae outbreaks in Hainan in 2008.5 PFGE patterns of patient's isolates in June were the same, sharing a similarity coefficient of 100%. 70 PFGE patterns of patients and water in October and November were completely same, the similarity coefficient being 100%. But they were not same as that of June. 1 PFGE pattern of isolate from the sample in Hainan University was different, only sharing a similarity coefficient of 79.7%, which showed no correlation with the outbreak.

CONCLUSIONDifferent outbreaks of Vibrio cholera occurred in Hainan in 2008. The epidemic in October and November at different counties was one outbreak. The pollution of water in environment was an important factor for outbreak.

Bacterial Typing Techniques ; methods ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholera ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; DNA, Bacterial ; Disease Outbreaks ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; methods ; Humans ; Vibrio cholerae ; classification ; isolation & purification