Objective To explore the effect of low-dose imfepristone on the endometrial simple hyperplasia.Methods Study group were randomly divided into two groups.43 cases in group mifepristone,43 cases in group norethindrone and control group were 20 cases.The endometrial histopathology and the contents of ER and PR were examined before and after the treatment.The changes of endometrial thickness and hemoglobin were detected,too.Results The endometria were all simple hyperplasia before taking the medicine and turned to proliferative stage after taking mifepristone and norethindrone.There were significant difference compared with taking the medicine before(P＜0.05).However,there were no statistical difference between two groups after taking the medicine(P＞0.05).The endometrial ER and PR were significantly depressed after taking the medicine compared with before in study group(P＜0.05).There were no significant difference between control group and group mifepristone after taking mifepristone(P＞0.05).But there were significant difference between controI group and group norethindrone after taking norethindrone(P＜0.05).The endometrum were significant turned thin and the contents of hemoglobin were significantly risen up after taking the medicine in study group(P＜0.05).But the contents of hemoglobin were significantly risen up after taking the medicine in group mifepristone compared with group norethindrone(P＜0.05).Conclusions Low-dose mifepristone can inhibit endometrial simple hyperplasia and turn the endometria from simple hyperplasia to proliferative stage.Low-dose mifepristone may adjust the endometrial ER and PR for inhibitting endometrial hyperplasia and make the expression of endometrial ER and PR decrease.But the contents of ER and PR were more close to normal after taking mifepristone.Low-dose mifepristone can attenuate the endometria and regain the hemoglobin fast.There are seldom side-effects after taking low-dose mifepristone.

Objective To make suggestions for China's drug safety supervision through an introduction of the status of pharmacovigilance system in the United States (US).Methods Through legal research and document research,the author introduced and analyzed the current situation of pharmacovigilance system in the US from the organization and responsibilities of Food and Drug Administration,system of laws and regulations,risk management and evaluation methods of post-marketing drugs etc.Results The US has now established a relatively mature pharmacovigilance system.This system has a perfect drug safety supervision organization structure,a sound system of laws and regulations and a scientific evaluation system of drug risk management.Conclusion The relevant experience of the US can be learned by China,such as the communication & collaboration between pre-and post-market drug regulatory agencies,instillation of drug risk management and establishment of guidance for industry to promote the development and improvement of China's drug safety supervision.

Objective To investigate magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) characteristics of autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP) in middle-aged and elderly patients. Methods MRI were performed in 17 middle-aged and elderly patients with AlP proved histopathologically or clinically. All clinical and MRI data were reviewed. Results Of 17 cases, MRI showed diffuse enlargement of the pancreas in 13 cases, and focal lesions in 4 cases. Swelled pancreas was hypointense on T1-weighted images, mildly hyperintense on T2-weighted images, decreased enhancement on artery phase of dynamic imaging, and moderate enhancement on delayed phase images. Capsule-like enhanced rim was found around swelled pancreas in 13 patients. Stricture of distal common bile duct was present in 15 patients, and diffuse irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct was showed in 5 cases. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) value of AIP was 1.64×10~(-3) mm~2/s in 13 cases. Conclusions AIP occurs more often in middle-aged and elderly people. AIP shows some characterized MRI findings including swelled pancreas looking like banana or sausage, delayed enhanced capsule-like rim around the lesion and diffuse irregular narrowing of pancreatic duct. MRI will play an important role not only in the diagnosis of AIP, but also in evaluating curative effect of AIP.

OBJECTIVETo explore the significance of combined therapy of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

METHODSRetrospective study of 80 APL patients was performed and the complete remission (CR), the recovery time of peripheral hemoglobin and platelet, the early mortality, and the adverse reaction rates were analyzed between the ATRA group and the ATRA combined As2O3 group (combined group).

RESULTSCR rate of the combined group and the ATRA group was 91.7% and 87.5% respectively, which showed no significant difference; time of reaching CR, hemoglobin recovery, and platelet recovery for the combined group were 28.0 +/- 7.8 days, 22.36 +/- 8.72 days and 19.38 +/- 9.52 days respectively, while those were 47.7 +/- 10.9 days, 28.40 +/- 8.95 days and 28.03 +/- 7.29 days for the ATRA group, which suggested a significantly shorter period of the combined group of achieving recovery. With 7.1% compared to 13.2%, the early mortality of the combined group seemed lower than that of the ATRA group but with no significance observed (P>0.05). The adverse reaction rates of the two groups also lacked any significant difference (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared with using ATRA alone, the combined therapy of AS2O3 and ATRA was dominant in achieving CR and recovery for APL. Besides, the combined therapy carries the promise of reducing the early mortality with no aggravation of the adverse reaction.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Arsenicals ; administration & dosage ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxides ; administration & dosage ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Tretinoin ; administration & dosage ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo determine the relation between the apolipoprotein E(apoE) promoter -427C/T polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a Chinese Han population in Shanghai.

METHODSThe apoE promoter -427C/T polymorphism in 104 AD cases and 110 healthy subjects was detected using polymerase chain reaction method and restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping technique. The differences in polymorphic distribution between the two groups were tested, and odds ratio was computed.

RESULTSNo differences in apoE -427C/T genotypic distribution were observed between AD cases and controls (P>0.05). Even after stratification according to apoE epsilon 4 stratum, there was not any polymorphic distribution difference when epsilon 4 carriers or non epsilon 4 carriers were compared with controls (P>0.05). The association between AD and apoE epsilon 4 appeared in the TT group(OR=3.94,95%, CI:22067038, chi-square=21.48, P<0.05), but not in CT or CC group.

CONCLUSIONApoE -427C/T polymorphism was not a susceptibility factor for AD in this Han population in Shanghai.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease ; genetics ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics

Objective To investigate the impacts on inpatient costs of a hospital in Beijing as incurred by the reform of clinic-pharmacy-separation by means of DRGs. Methods As required by BJ-DRGs, we selected DRGs grouping information and medical record homepage information of the inpatients discharged from a tertiary hospital in Beijing from January to March in 2017 ( pre-reform group ) and that from May to July in 2017 ( the post-reform group ) . Then we compared the differences of inpatient costs before and after the reform, and the inpatient cost changes of the DRGs groups. Results The median of inpatient costs before the reform was 8751. 21 yuan, and that after the reform was 8522. 07 yuan, a difference without statistical significance (P>0. 05). Of the 104 DRGs studied, cost changes were found in 28 DRGs (P<0. 05), with increases in 19 DRGs and drops in 9 DRGs groups. Conclusions The reform, though without impact on the inpatient costs, changed the makeup of costs on the other hand, especially on HJ13 and BB25 DRGs groups, worthy of attention. A dynamic tuning mechanism is thus suggested for pricing of medical services, and a fine management suggested for the hospitals to curb unreasonable growth of costs.

In order to reveal the cause of disease occurred in the process of Coptis chinensis growth, this paper studied the bacterial species diversity index of different aged rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil planting normal or sick C. chinensis by using PCR-DGGE technique. The representative DGGE bands were chosen to be cloned, and sequenced, the phylogeny were constructed. The results showed that the bacterial communities were very different between the normal and diseased soil samples of C. chinensis, and the diversity index (H) of diseased soil samples were higher than that of normal soil samples. Sequencing analysis of representative cloned DGGE bands showed that the unculturable bacteria were the dominant groups, and bacteria belonged to genus Bacillus, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, uncultured Kluyvera, and uncultured Comamonas were also existing, but the reported plant pathogenic bacteria were not found in the C. chinensis planting soil. The density and brightness of clone band d in diseased soil samples was higher than that in normal soil sample, and sequencing analysis showed that it belonged to genus Acidovorax. Obviously, during the process of C. chinensis growth, the rhizospheric bacteria population changed, and the quantity of bacteria belong Acidovorax increased, which probably resulted in the disease occurred during C. chinensis growth.
Bacteria ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Biodiversity ; Coptis ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rhizosphere ; Soil Microbiology

ncreatic enlargement, MRI is comparable to CT.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a genetic diagnosis method for a novel MSH2 mutation. METHODS: A specific primer on the mutated site of MSH2 was synthesized and PCR was conducted using the specific primer and another downstream primer. PCR products were electrophoresed and then the carriers with the novel gene mutation of the carriers or non-carriers were identified. RESULTS: MSH2 in a hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer family were successfully found. CONCLUSION The method is effective and simple for genetic diagnosis of the novel mutation in MSH2.
Base Sequence ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of the intra- and extra-hepatocyte sodium ions distribution in scalded rats during early postburn stage,with the aim of improving burn shock resuscitation regime and the resuscitation effects.

METHODSAdult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham scalding (C, n = 12) and scalding (S, n = 7) groups. The rats in S group were subjected to 40% TBSA III degree scalding on the back and were catheterized via jugular vein for fluid resuscitation. The rats in C group were catheterized via jugular vein without fluid infusion and were sham scalded by warm water in temperature of 37 degrees. The changes in the intra- and extra-hepatocyte sodium ion contents were determined in vivo by (23)Na-magnetic resonance spectrum technology, while the existing state of the intra- and extra-hepatocyte sodium ion was determined by detecting (23)Na-magnetic resonance horizontal delaying time (T(2)).

RESULTSThe extra-hepatocyte sodium content in S group at 24 postburn hours (PBHs) was 17% less than that in C group. In addition, the T(2f) (fast T(2)) in S group remained stable but maintained a higher ratio during the observation time. This suggested that the sodium binding sites in extra-hepatocyte matrix increased relatively and that intra-hepatocyte sodium content increased by 57%. But the T(2) and the fast and slow parts of the T(2) kept stable, which implied that intra-hepatocyte catabolizing products were increased. This led to an increase in the sodium ion binding sites within intra-hepatocyte matrix in proportion to the sodium ion content.

CONCLUSIONDuring early postburn stage, the extra-hepatocyte sodium in a remote organ such as the liver exhibited relative deficiency due to its ingress into hepatocyte cytoplasm and to the increase of sodium combining sites.

Animals ; Binding Sites ; Burns ; metabolism ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium ; metabolism