Acinetobacter Infections ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; Animals ; Birds ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; complications ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; therapy

Communicable Diseases ; genetics ; immunology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; genetics ; immunology ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Malaria ; genetics ; immunology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Toll-Like Receptor 9 ; genetics

Diagnostics probation teaching has important value in the medical teaching for foreign students. The practice experiences of diagnostics probation teaching for foreign students in the last 3 years are reviewed from the management of teaching,practice of teaching,supervision of teaching and examine of teaching in order to improve the effect of diagnostics probation teaching for foreign students.

OBJECTIVETo explore the distribution of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in vascular tissues and the relationship between virus and atherosclerogenesis after CMV infecting mice.

METHODS(1) C57 BL/6J Murine model of CMV infection was established by intraperitoneal injection of CMV lethiferous amount. (2) After 12 weeks of CMV infection, the sera, carotids, aorta, hearts and postcaval veins from the mice were collected under euthanasia. The tissues would be used to DNA extraction, PCR and pathological examination. (3) Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in serum were measured with ILELISA.

RESULTS(1) The typical pathologic feature in 2 aorta samples of 6 mice infected by CMV was found and the mice uninfected by CMV did not show any pathologic change. (2) CMV DNA appeared in 6 aorta, 6 postcaval veins, 4 carotids and 4 heart tissues including endocardium, cardiac muscle and coronary artery from the CMV infected mice. CMV DNA was not found in the vascular and heart tissues from 6 mice uninfected by CMV. (3) The ELISA test showed the significant difference (Mann-Witney test of Nonparametric Test, P < 0.05) in serum IL-6 (Median among 25% and 75% percentile: 113.7 pg/ml vs. 49.77 pg/ml) and MCP-1 (Median among 25% and 75% percentile: 128.7 pg/ml vs. 45.36 pg/ml) between CMV infected mice and uninfected mice.

CONCLUSIONCardiovascular cells are CMV latent reservoir in host body and CMV infection and the cytokines induced by CMV infection probably relate to atherosclerogenesis.

Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Blood Vessels ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Coronary Vessels ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Cytomegalovirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Heart ; virology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effectiveness of surgical strategies for Shang Ring circumcision in the treatment of short frenulum praeputii in patients with redundant prepuce or phimosis.

METHODSTotally, 130 cases of short frenulum praeputii with redundant prepuce or phimosis were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group of equal number to receive Shang Ring circumcision, the former by transverse incision in the distal penis foreskin and pull-up of the interior board, and the latter by conventional transverse incision and longitudinal suture of the frenulum praeputii. Comparisons were made between the two groups in the surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, 24 h postoperative pain visual analog score (VAS), postoperative complications, satisfaction with the penile appearance, and the quality of sexual life.

RESULTSThe surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, 24 h postoperative VAS, postoperative sexual satisfaction, and satisfaction with penile appearance were (4.60 +/- 1.20) min, (2.61 +/- 1.81) ml, 1.73 +/- 0.76, 98.5%, and 98.5%, respectively, in the experimental group, as compared with (21.60 +/- 6.30) min, (11.10 +/- 3.40) ml, 5.37 +/- 1.84, 70.3% and 69.8% in the control, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence rates of such major complications as wound dehiscence, infection, and moderate to severe edema were 1.5% (1/65), 3.1% (2/65), and 4.6% (3/65), respectively, in the experimental group in comparison with 12.3% (8/65), 15.3% (10/65), and 30.7% (20/65) in the control, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). None of patients had any serious complications.

CONCLUSIONShang Ring circumcision by transverse incision in the distal penis foreskin and pull-up of the interior board, with its advantages of shorter operation time, less blood loss, mild pain, fewer complications, and higher satisfaction and acceptance of the patients, can be used as an safe and effective approach to the treatment of short frenulum praeputii.

Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; statistics & numerical data ; Circumcision, Male ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Edema ; epidemiology ; Foreskin ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Operative Time ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; diagnosis ; Patient Satisfaction ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surgical Wound Dehiscence ; epidemiology ; Surgical Wound Infection ; epidemiology

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of combining rociverine tablets with Suoquan cap-sules in the treatment of female patients with overactive bladder(OAB).Methods 152 female patients with OAB were randomly divided into three groups.Patients in rociverine group were administered rociverine tablets 10mg three times a day for 4 weeks.Patients in Suoquan capsule group were administered Suoquan capsules 1.8g three times a day for 4 weeks.Patients in combination group were administered rociverine tablets 10mg and Suoquan capsule 1.8g three times a day for 4 weeks.Each group of patients had to complete 3d voiding diary before and after treatment to record daily frequency of micturition,urgency,urgency incontinence,nocturia and avoiding volumes,OABSS score and drug side effects were also observed.All the data were analyzed to assess the efficacy and safety of treatment.Results There were significant differences in daily frequency of micturition,urgency,urgency incontinence,nocturia,avoiding volumes and OABSS score of patients in each group before and after treatment(all P <0.01 ).Moreover,compared with combination group,rociverine and Suoquan capsule group all had significant differences(F =41.765,53.834, 25.304,37.867,214.791,73.486,all P <0.01 ).There was no significant differences between rociverine and Suoquan capsule group(all P >0.05).The incidence rates of adverse events of rociverine and combination group were 7.8% and 22.6%,respectively,there was significant difference between the two groups(χ2 =4.372,P =0.032). Conclusion Combining rociverine tablets with Suoquan capsules in the treatment of female patients with OAB was effective and safe.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of rociverine combined with tamsulosin in treatment of overactive bladder after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP).Methods 93 cases of overactive bladder patients who received TURP were collected.They were given rociverine tablets 10 mg 3 times a day and tamsulosin 0.2 mg once a day for 7 to 10 days.The efficacy and safety of treatment were assessed by changes before and after treatment in subjective indicators of overactive bladder syndrome score(OABSS),the international prostate symptom score(IPSS) and quality of life score(QOL) and objective indicators including daily frequency of micturition,urgency,urgency incontinence,nocturia,voiding volumes,combining with the adverse drug reaction incidence.Results The average treating time for the 93 cases was (5 ± 3) days.The average score of OABSS reduced 8.12(P ＜0.01,and each score≤ 4).The average score of IPSS reduced 16.69(P ＜0.01).The average score of QOL reduced 2.18 (P ＜ 0.01).There was statistical difference in objective indicators of patients between before and after treatment(P ＜ O.05).The adverse drug reaction incidence was 2.1％ (2 cases with thirsty symptom).Conclusion Rociverine tablets combined with tamsulosin in treatment of patients with overactive bladder after TURP are effective and safe.

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of 1 470 nm diode laser vaporization of the prostate with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods From July 2014 to July 2015,82 patients diagnosed as BPH were randomly divided into two groups.Forty cases of them underwent 1 470 nm diode laser vaporization and 42 cases for TURP.The operation time,hemoglobin decrease,serum sodium decrease,bladder irrigation time,duration of bladder catheterization and postoperative complications were recorded.The international prostate symptom score (IPSS),maximum flow rate (Qmax) and post-voiding residual volume (PVR) before and after operation were compared.Results No differences were found between the two groups in basic preoperative characteristics,such as:age,prostate volume,IPSS,PVR and Qmax(P＞0.05).The mean operative time in the diode laser group was (64.8±14.6) min,slightly longer than tin he TURP group ((59.3 ± 14.5) min,P＞0.05).The hemoglobin decrease,the serum sodium decrease,the time of bladder irrigating and the time of catheterization of 1470 nm diode laser group were all less than that in TURP group,the differences were significant between the two groups((2.06±1.43) g/L vs.(6.07±1.68) g/L,(1.16±0.67) mmol/L vs.(4.09±3.78) mmol/L,(5.08±2.80) h vs.(25.8±12.7) h,(3.38±1.17) d vs.(4.88± 1.42) d,respectively;t =-11.615,-4.845,-10.337,-5.232;P＜0.001).The complications in 1470nm diode laser group were less than that in TURP group,but the differences were not significant between the two groups(P＞0.05).All patients were followed up for 3-12 months,the IPSS,PVR and Qmax of 3 months after surgery in 1 470 nm diode laser group and TURP group were all improved significantly compared with that of preoperative in both groups,but no statistical differences could be found between the two groups(IPSS:F inner grouP=527.65,P＜0.001;F between groups=0.099,P=0.753;F across groups=0.040,P=0.843,PVR:F inner grouP =509.57,P＜ 0.001;F between groups =2.817,P =0.097;F across groups =1.02,P=0.315;Qmax:inner grouP=60.06,P＜0.001;F between groups =0.30,P=0.585;F across groups =0.394,P=0.532).Conclusion 1 470 nm diode laser vaporization of the prostate can significantly improve the patient's lower urinary tract obstruction symptoms,which show similar short-term effects with TURP.It also has advantages of less bleeding,shorter catheter indwelling time and rapid postoperative recovery compared with TURP,suggesting that it is a safe and effective operation for BPH treatment.

Objective To evaluate the roles of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2),TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in immune recognition and immune mediation in sporotrichosis by detecting their expressions in skin lesions of sporotrichosis.Methods Biopsy specimens were obtained from the skin lesions of 19 patients with sporotrichosis and normal skin of 12 healthy human controls.Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe the expressions of TLR4 and MyD88,and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR to quantify the expressions of TLR2 and MyD88 mRNAs.Data were expressed as mean ± standard error.Statistical analysis was done with the SPSS17.0 software.Independent samples t-test was conducted to compare the parameters between the lesional and control specimens.A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results TLR4 and MyD88 were mainly observed in the whole epidermis except the stratum corneum as well as plasma cells and lymphocytes in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue in lesional skin.However,TLR4 was nearly absent and MyD88 was weakly expressed in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue in normal skin.The expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 were significantly higher in the lesional skin than in the control skin (TLR4,63.767 ± 3.829 vs.5.167 ± 3.246,t =4.82,P ＜ 0.05; MyD88,57.236 ± 4.744 vs.10.588 ± 1.640,t =3.30,P ＜ 0.05).Similarly,the lesional skin showed significantly stronger expressions of TLR2 and MyD88 mRNAs compared with the normal skin (TLR2,1.974 ± 1.452 vs.1.430 ± 1.073,P ＜ 0.05; MyD88,2.028 ± 2.061 vs.0.688 ± 0.422,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sporothrix may induce the development of sporotrichosis by interacting with host immune system via TLR signaling pathways.

OBJECTIVETo observe the inhibitory effect of a eukaryotic expression vector expressing human IFN-gamma (pcDNA3.1- IFN-gamma) on HBV replication in hepG2.2.15 cells.

METHODSThe eukaryotic expression vector expressing human IFN-gamma was constructed using PCR and gene recombination technique. hepG2.2.15 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-IFN-gamma and the culture supernatant was collected to determine the expression of IFN-gamma protein by ELISA. The HBV DNA copies and the concentration of HBeAg and HBsAg were measured by fluorescence real-time PCR and ELISA kit, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with that of negative control and blank 2.2.15 cells, the concentration of HBeAg in the supernatant of 2.2.15 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1- IFN-gamma were decreased by 49%, and HBsAg concentration was lowered by 35% and 33%, respectively. A significant decrease of HBV DNA copies was observed in pcDNA3.1- IFN-gamma-transfected cells in comparison with the two control cells. No significant differences were noted in all the results between the two control groups.

CONCLUSIONWe have successfully constructed the eukaryotic expression vector expressing human IFN-gamma, which provides a basis for anti-HBV gene therapy using human IFN-gamma.

Genetic Vectors ; Hep G2 Cells ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Transfection ; Virus Replication ; drug effects