Arteriovenous mafformation(AVM) of female pelvic organ is a rare disease of unknown cause. The authors' report a case of pelvic AVM which was incidentally found during US examination of the patient with choriocarcinoma after chemotherapy. The real-time sonography revealed several cystic lesions around the uterus with adjacent dilated tortuous vessels. The color Doppler sonography depicted abundant blood flow mixed with red and blue colors within the cystic lesions and rapid turbulent systolic and diastolic flows. CT showed well-enhancing round vascular lesions with elongated vessels in the pelvis, and MRI depicted signal-void cystic lesions on both T1 and T2 weighted images with small portions of high intensity within the lesions on T2 weighted image. The angiography revealed pelvic AVM fed by tortuous uterine and vaginal arteries with a dilated draining vein
Angiography ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Choriocarcinoma ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pelvis ; Pregnancy ; Rare Diseases ; Uterus ; Veins

Arteriovenous mafformation(AVM) of female pelvic organ is a rare disease of unknown cause. The authors' report a case of pelvic AVM which was incidentally found during US examination of the patient with choriocarcinoma after chemotherapy. The real-time sonography revealed several cystic lesions around the uterus with adjacent dilated tortuous vessels. The color Doppler sonography depicted abundant blood flow mixed with red and blue colors within the cystic lesions and rapid turbulent systolic and diastolic flows. CT showed well-enhancing round vascular lesions with elongated vessels in the pelvis, and MRI depicted signal-void cystic lesions on both T1 and T2 weighted images with small portions of high intensity within the lesions on T2 weighted image. The angiography revealed pelvic AVM fed by tortuous uterine and vaginal arteries with a dilated draining vein
Angiography ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Choriocarcinoma ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pelvis ; Pregnancy ; Rare Diseases ; Uterus ; Veins

Effectiveness of flubendazole, a newly introduced as an anthelmintic in Korea, was evaluated in 28 ascariasis, 28 whipworm infections and 17 pinworm infections in primary school children. All patients were orally given by flubendazole of 500 mg once. Stools for roundworm and whipworm and anal swabs for pinworm infections were examined both before and 25 days after treatment. After flubendazole treatment, all ascariasis and pinworm infected cases were cured. On the other hand, in whipworm infections, the cure rate was 82.1 percent (23 cured of 28 infected), and the egg reduction rate was 67.1 percent, respectively. Headache (one case), dizziness (2 cases) and abdominal pain (3 cases) were noticed as untoward effects, but they were mild and disappeared within 24 hours. These results demonstrate the excellent effectiveness of flubendazole in treating these helminth infections.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Trichocephalus trichiurus ; Enterobius vermicularis ; chemotherapy ; flubendazole

This experiment was focused on the characterization of anti-Toxoplasma monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and the effect of mAbs on the parasite invasion of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Twenty eight mAbs including M110, M556, R7A6 and M621 were characterized by Ab titer, immunoglobulin isotyping and western blot pattern. Antibody titer (optical density) of 4 mAbs, M110, M556, R7A6 and M621, were 0.53, 0.67, 0.45 and 0.39 (normal mouse serum; 0.19) with the same IgG1 isotypes shown by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot analysis showed that M110, M556, R7A6 and M621 reacted with the 33 kDa (p30), 31 kDa (p28), 43 kDa and 36 kDa protein. Immunogold labelling of mAbs M110, M556, R7A6 and M621 reacted with the surface membrane, dense granules and parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM), rhoptries and cytoplasm of tachyzoite, respectively. For in vitro assay, preincubation of tachyzoites with four mAbs, M110, M556, R7A6 and M621 resulted in the decrease of the number of infected macrophages (P < 0.05) and the suppression of parasite multiplication at 18 h post-infection. Four monoclonal antibodies including M110 (SAG1) were found to have an important role in the inhibition of macrophage invasion and T. gondii multiplication in vitro, and these mAbs may be suitable for vaccine candidates, diagnostic kit and for chemotherapy.
Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology ; *Antibodies, Protozoan/pharmacology ; Antigens, Protozoan/*analysis/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Depression, Chemical ; Macrophages, Peritoneal/parasitology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Toxoplasma/growth & development/*immunology

A 23-year-old medical student showed a positive reaction on a skin test for Paragonimus westermani, and two Tarsonemus floricolus mites were subsequently found by sputum examination and identified morphologically. Our report is the first human case of Tarsonemus floricolus in Korea.
Adult ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mite Infestations/*parasitology ; Pyroglyphidae/anatomy & histology/*growth & development ; Sputum/*parasitology

The pattern of sensory papillae, chaetotaxy, of the cercaria of Clonorchis sinensis was observed. The chaetotaxy was as follows; 5-6 Ci l, 4-5 Ci 2, 5-6 Ci 3 at lst row, 4 Cii 1, 2 Cii 2, 4 Cii 3, 5-6 Cii 4 at 2nd row, 3-4 Ciii 1, 2-3 Ciii 2 at 3rd row, and 2 Civ 1, 2-3 Civ 2, 2-3 Civ 3, at 4th row, in cephalic region; 2 AiV, l AiD, 2 AiiV, 1 AiiD, 2 AiiiV, 2 AiiiD, 1 AivV, 1 AivD, 1 PiiD, l PiiiD, in ventral(V) and dorsal(D) portions of body. Caudal region revealed 2-2-2-2 formula.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; cercaria

Primary role of ultrasound in patients with thyroid nodule is to determine the multiplicity and detect occult carcinoma. We analyzed US findings of 53 thyroid carcinomas with multiple nodular lesions from january 1988 to december 1991. The results were as follows: 1. 109 malignant nodules in 53 cases and 24 benign in 23 were comfirmed. 2. The nature of the masses were solid in 72 malignant nodules (74.2%), and complex in 25 (25.8%) of which 19 were predominantly solid. 3. The echo pattern of the solid and solid predominant masses were hypoechoic in 78 malignant nodules (80.4%), hyperechoic in 10 (10.3%), and isoechoic in 3 (9.3%) 4. Internal punctate calcifications within the masses were observed in 31 malignant nodules (31.9%). 5. Halo sign was present in 16 malignant nodules(16.5%). 6. The preoperative sonographic diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma was made in 39.4% of 53 cases with multiple nodules on US. In conclusion, the number, and halo formation of nodules were insignificant to differentiate the benign nodule from the malignant. The heterogeneous hypoechoic nodules with size greater than 4cm, multiple stippled calcifications, displacement of the trachea or other surrounding structures of combined lymph node enlargements seem to indicate the possibility of malignancy.
Diagnosis ; Goiter* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Thyroid Nodule ; Trachea ; Ultrasonography

The components of bore marrow change dramatically during lifetime. To evaluate the bone marrow of cranium and upper cervical spine, the authors retrospectively evaluated 300 examinations of cranium and the second cervical bone in patients without known bone marrow abnormality. T1-weighted images were used to analyze the changes of lone marrow signal intensity according to the age and sex. The signal intensity of bone marrow of cranium increased most rapidly from birth to age of 10 years. Between 11 and 20 years of age, gradual increase of signal intensity was noted. There was minimal augment of signal intensity after age of 20 years. The examination of signal intensity of bone marrow of the cranium revealed slightly higher score in male than in female. The synchondrosis of the second cervical vertebra was visible in 97%. These results may be useful in the detection of abnormal bone marrow signal of cranium and upper cervical spine.
Bone Marrow* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parturition ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull* ; Spine*

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is developed by progressive decrease of bone rnass from decreased collagen content of bone. Accurate measurement of bone collagen is necessary for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and it is possible by bone biopsy, however bone biopsy is not easy in clinical practice. Skin collagen is consist with type I collagen which is same type of bone collagen and progressive decrease of bone collagen is reflected by decrease of skin collagen. Since skin thickness reflect skin collagen amount, skin thickness measurement may be a useful method for the evaluation of osteoporosis. So ultrasonic skin thickness measurement was developed for the evaluation of osteoporosis. METHODS: A randomly selected 200 women aged fram 30 to 71 years old were asked to have their skin thickness measured as well as lumbar vertebral DXA(Norland, USA) bone densitometry. Except for the two women who failed to complete the study, 45(22.7%) of these women were diagnosed as normal, 74(37.4%) were osteopenic and 79(39.9%) were diagnosed as osteoporosis patients using the WHO criteria. Skin thickness was measured using 20MHz Osteoson DCIII (Minhorst, Germany) at the medial side of the upper arm. A minimal of Two scans were measured and the mean value was cakulated automatically. RESULTS: The correlation coefficient of skin thickness and age was -0.121(ns), DXA BMD(bone mineral density) and age was -0.420(P<0.01), skin thickness and DXA BMD L2-L4 was 0.181(P<0.05). Skin thickness was significantly correlated with body weight(correlation coefficient 0.254, P<0.01) and BMI(correlation coefficient 0.195, P<0.01). Furthermore, the mean and standard deviation of skin thickness in normal BMD group was 0.94+-0.021mm, osteopenic group was 0.92+-0.006mm, and osteoporotic group was 0.89+-0.018mm. There was statistically significant difference in the mean values of skin thickness between the three groups even adjusted with age and BMI(P<0.05). The mean and standard deviation of skin tbickness of healthy 20-40 year old women was 1.11+-0,023mm and their mean and standard deviation of L2-L4 mean BMD was 1.17+-0.145mg/cm2. The diagnostic predictability of skin thickness less than 1mm as the risk of osteoporosis(BMD T score less than -1.0) was evaluated. The sensitivity and the specificity of skin thickness less than 1mm being osteoporotic were 78,2% and 57.8% respectively. The positive and negative predictive value of the skin thickness less than 1mm being osteoporotic were 82.2% and 36.5% respectively. CONCLUSION: This study indicate that the skin thickaess measured with the ultrasound method show good correlatian with the bone density measured with conventional DXA at the lumbar vertebra and the skin thickness less than 1mm on the medial side of the opper arm is relatively sensitive in diagnosing osteoporosis risk in Korean women. The authors suggested that a large randomized control study to define the relationship between the skin thickness and the other determinants of bone turnover in the near future.
Aged ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Bone Density ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I ; Densitometry ; Diagnosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Skin* ; Spine ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Direct wet mount examination of vaginal secretion, widely applied for the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in woman patients, is rapid and economical. However, the sensitivity of this technique is not so high. In this study enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was employed for the detection of serum anti-T. vaginalis IgG antibodies from vaginal trichomoniasis patients. METHODS: Eighty sera from trichomonoasis patients who visited a Dr. Yoon Kyong's Obstetric & Gynecologic Clinic in Songnam and 30 non-infected healthy men were tested for detection of anti-T. vaginalis IgG antibody. Soluble lysate and excretory-secretory antigen prepared by mixing of six isolates of T. vaginalis, and lysate from one isolate(KT4) were used as antigen for ELISA. RESULTS: The sensitivity of ELISA using lysate of six isolates was 95.0%, and the sensitivity of the lysate from KT4 and mixed excretory-secretory antigen from 6 isolates were 86.4% and 76.3%, respectively. Specificities of ELISA by three 93.3%, 96.3% and 92.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that ELISA using mixed lysate of T. vaginalis six isolates could be useful tools for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis.
Antibodies ; Diagnosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Male ; Trichomonas vaginalis ; Trichomonas*