No abstract available.
Urodynamics*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Humans ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Osmolar Concentration*

PURPOSE: To study the cellular events occuring during bladder development and regeneration, we used the human Dura mater (Tutoplast(R)) for augmenting the rat bladder. We compared their intravesical threshold pressure and volume, and observed the regenerative capacity of urothelium and smooth muscle cell within Tutoplast(R). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among a total of 67 rats, 11 normal rats were checked their intravesical threshold pressure and volume(Group 1). 9 rats underwent only vesicotomy(Sham operation) and were checked their threshold pressure and volume at 2 months and 3 months postoperatively(Group 2). 47 rats underwent augmentation cystoplasty with Tutoplast(R) after partial cystectomy, which were checked pressure and volume at 1 day, 3-7 days, 2-4 weeks, 2-6 months postoperatively(Group 3). Specimens were examined histologically to assess the regeneration of urothelium and smooth muscle cell on the graft. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in intravesical volume of group 3 compared with group 1 and 2. There was a significant decrease in intravesical pressure of group 3 compared with group 2, but there was no significant difference between group 1 and 3. The specimens of 1 day postopratively showed inflammatory findings. Epithelialization on the graft margin was noted at 3 days postoperatively. At 7 days postoperatively, there was epithelial hyperplasia on the graft site. At 2 weeks postoperatively, there was a partial absorption of Tutoplast(R) as well as favorable progression of epithelialization. Smooth muscle regeneration and complete epithelialization were shown at 3 months postoperatively and absorption of Tutoplast(R) was completed thereafter. CONCLUSIONS: The regeneration of bladder cellular constituents within Tutoplast(R) will be valuable for further understanding the mechanism controlling bladder development and regeneration. Further studies will be necessary for using this method as an alternative strategy to the classical bladder augmentation.
Absorption ; Animals ; Cystectomy ; Dura Mater* ; Humans* ; Hyperplasia ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Rats* ; Regeneration* ; Transplants ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urothelium

No abstract available.
Ants*

The Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, which included congenital anomalies such as macroglossia, exomphalos, postnatal somatic gigantism, have a substantially increased risk for the development of tumor. We report a case of testicular yolk sac tumor associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, a previously unreported association. Pathologic examination showed Schiller-Duval body with evidence of testicular yolk sac tumor. This finding appears to represent a previously unreported association between Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and testicular yolk sac tumor.
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome* ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor* ; Gigantism ; Hernia, Umbilical ; Macroglossia ; Testis ; Yolk Sac*

PURPOSE: We did electrovaporization to reduce the absorbed volume of irrigant and bleeding during TURP, and compared the effects on intraoperative and postoperative serum electrolyte, osmolality, and blood loss between this method and the classic TURP. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Of the 45 BPH patients, 21 patients underwent TURP (Group l), while the other 24 patients were electrovaporized with vaportrode(Group ll). They were followed preoperatively, 30 min intraoperatively, immediate postoperatively, 6 hours and 24 hours postoperatively with measurements of serum sodium, potassium, glucose and BUN. The amount of absorbed irrigant, serum osmolality, effective osmolality, blood loss were calculated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Although the group ll showed a longer operation time and used a larger amount of irrigant than the group l, there was not a significant difference in the amount of blood loss between the two groups and lesser amount of irrigant was absorbed than the group l. There was not a significant decrease in postoperative serum Hb and Hct level compared with preoperative level in the group ll. Serum sodium level were significantly decreased during postoperative period every patients in the group l. The serum osmolality and effective osmolality levels were significantly decreased postoperatively as compared with the preoperative levels in the group l, but were not in the group ll. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that electrovaporization may be the effective method in preventing complications such as hyponatremia and hypoosmolality during perioperative period. This method may also be helpful in reducing blood loss.
Glucose ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Osmolar Concentration* ; Perioperative Period ; Postoperative Period ; Potassium ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Sodium ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Hickman catheter placement via the subclavian vein under fluoroscopic guidance with intravenous contrast injection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During an eleven-month period, 187 Hickman catheters were percutaneously placed in 167 consecutive patients in an interventional radiology suite. Subclavian venous puncture was made with injection of contrast medium into the peripheral venous line. After subclavian venous access had been obtained, a subcutaneous tunnel was created using a peel-away sheath or a tunneler. The Hickman catheters were inserted through a peel-away sheath, the distal tip of which was at the junction of the right atrium and the superior vena cava. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-six Hickman catheters were successfully placed; the one failure was due to an atomical tortuosity of the vein(0.53%). Complications included one case of subclavian vein occlusion (0.53%); three of line occlusion by thrombus (1.6%); one of oozing at the suture site (0.53%); six of infection or inflammation (3.2%); eight of natural removal (4.2%); one case of air embolism (0.53%) and two of malposition (0.1%). Major complications such as pneumothorax or arterial puncture leading to mediastinal hemorrhage did not, however, occur. CONCLUSION: The authors concluded that radiologic Hickman catheter placement offers advantages over traditional approaches in terms of safety, convenience, and time and cost savings.
Catheters ; Cost Savings ; Embolism, Air ; Heart Atria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Pneumothorax ; Punctures ; Radiology, Interventional ; Subclavian Vein* ; Sutures ; Thrombosis ; Vena Cava, Superior

PURPOSE: To present initial and follow-up HRCT findings of lymphangitic carcinomatosis of the lung. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Both initial and follow-up HRCT scans were obtained in 18 patients with lymphangitic carcinomatosis of the lung. After dividing the patients into two groups (with anticancer chemotherapy (n=12) and without chemotherapy (n=6), changes of pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities (percentile increase or decrease in the extent of each pattern) were assessed and compared on initial and follow-up HRCTs. RESULTS: Findings on initial CT were interlobular septal thickening (n=18) (smooth in 15 and mixed smooth and nodular in three), thickening of bronchovascular bundles (n=17), areas of ground-glass opacity (n=15), polygonal lines (n=15), and nodules (n=10). With chemotherapy, the finding of polygonal lines decreased by 20/3%, while findings of ground-glass opacity, bronchovascular bundle thickening, septal thickening, and nodules remained stable. Without chemotherapy, all CT patterns of abnormalities except nodules increased by 45-88%. In three patients who did not undergo chemotherapy, smooth interlobular septal thickening changed to nodular thickening. CONCLUSION: Lymphangitic carcinomatosis of the lung manifests initially as smooth thickening of the interlobular septae, bronchovascular bundle thickening,areas of ground-glass opacity, and polygonal lines, as seen on HRCT. Without chemotherapy, the extent of CT findings increases and there is a tendency for smooth septal thickening to change to nodular thickening. Chemotherapy induces improvement or cessation of the progression of CT findings.
Carcinoma* ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung*

OBJECTIVES: To compare the diagnostic performance of a high-resolution picture archiving and communications system (PACS) workstation directly interfaced with computed radiography(CR) with laser-printed CR films in chest diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs with (n=91) and without (n=25) abnormalities were included. Atotal of 100 abnormalities from 91 radiographs consisted of irregular lines, pneumothoraces, nodules and consolidations (25 of each). Laser-printed hard copies with dynamic range compression (DRC) were produced. InPACS, soft copies of 1760 X 2140 X 10 bits CR images were displayed on 1536 X 2048 with 8 bit gray-scale monitors.The performance of four observers was compared between laser-printed hard copies and CR images displayed on a workstation according to receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: Overall, no significant difference sin observer performance were observed between laser-printed hard copies and CR images displayed on a workstation(p=.2454). Even though statistically not significant, the former was slightly superior to the latter for lesions of irregular lines, pneumothoraces, and consolidations, whereas for nodules, the latter was slightly better than the former. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of a high-resolution PACS workstation in chest radiographs is acceptable and comparable to CR hard copies printed with DRC processing mode.
Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Radiography, Thoracic ; ROC Curve