No abstract available.
Intracranial Aneurysm*

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to elucidate the effect of hyperthermia on neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) expression in both cerebral hemispheres after left common carotid artery occlusion in gerbils. METHODS: Using Mongolian gerbils, cerebral ischemia was produced by occluding carotid artery for 1-4 hours. Rectal temperature was maintained at 36degrees C for normothermia and 40degrees C for hyperthermia by heating pad. Western blot and RT-PCR was used to examine the nNOS and the mRNA expression. Neuronal damages were observed by histological study. RESULTS: After cerebral ischemia, mRNA of nNOS was expressed more abundantly in ischemic hemisphere than control in both normothermia and hyperthermia. Hyperthermia reduced nNOS protein expression markedly. In pathological study, neurons of hippocampal region were degenerated by ischemia. Hyperthermia by itself induced neuronal degeneration in both control and ischemic region. In immunohistochemistry of brain, there was no significant difference of nNOS expression between normothermia and hyperthermia. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that increase in body temperature might enhance nNOS mRNA expression but reduce nNOS protein, and that hyperthermia aggravates neuronal damage by ischemia, independent of nNOS gene expression.
Blotting, Western ; Body Temperature ; Brain ; Brain Ischemia* ; Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Cerebrum ; Fever* ; Gene Expression ; Gerbillinae* ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ischemia ; Neurons* ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I* ; RNA, Messenger

Recently the cause of hemifacial spasm and trigeminel neuralgia is known to be vascular compression-distortion in the root exit and entry zone of each nerve. The microvascular decompression of the 5th and 7th cranial nerves is a method of refined and non-traumatic surgical treatment of these disabling diseases. 33 patients with intractable hemifacial spasm and 7 patients with trigeminal neuralgia were treated by microvascular decompression and the follow-up results were evaluated. The surgical results in 33 cases of hemifacial spasm were as follow: Excellent-18, Good-7, Fair-6, Poor-2. Disturbance of hearing as a complication appeared in 6 cases, but improved gradually except one case. The surgical finding and results in 7 cases of trigeminal neuralgia were as follow: In 6 cases the causative vessel was SCA and in one case SCV indented the nerve root. All 7 patients with trigeminal neuralgia were relieved from facial pain after surgery.
Cranial Nerves ; Facial Nerve* ; Facial Pain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hearing ; Hemifacial Spasm ; Humans ; Microvascular Decompression Surgery* ; Neuralgia ; Trigeminal Neuralgia

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Radiosurgery* ; Trigeminal Neuralgia*

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVES: The best results of treating intracranial aneurysms can be achieved with treating aneurysm before they rupture. Some recent reports about the risk of the bleeding of the unruptured intracranial aneurysm(UIA) being too low(0.05% per year) compared with 1~2% of the previously reported bleeding probability, casts the question about the need for treatment of the UIAs. The purpose of this report is to review the recent reports about the risk of rupture of the UIAs and to assess the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical treatment for UIAs.
Aneurysm ; Hemorrhage ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Mortality ; Rupture

Middle cerebral artery aneuryms account for aporoximately 20 percent of all intracranial aneurysms. The majority are located at the bbifurcation of M1 segment insylvian fissure. Incidence of formation of intracerebral hematoma with ruptured aneurysm and giant and infectious aneurysms are more common than with aneurysm in other locations. Clinical presentation of the MCA aneurysms are associated with symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage and mass effect. Symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage such as headache are indistinguishable from that associated with SAH from rupture of an aneurysm in any other location. But mass effect of large aneurysm, temporal lobe epilepsy and transient ischemic attack occur more frequently with aneurysms of the MCA. Complications of MCA aneurysm surgery can be divided into two group, one related to subarachnoid hemorrhage with aneurysmal rupture and the other to surgical procedure. Vasospasm is major cause of morbiduty and medical complications such as hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, pneumonia and GI bleeding are frequently encountered. Operative complications include occlusion of MCA branch by improperly placed clip, retraction injury, intraoperative rupture.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; Headache ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Pneumonia ; Rupture ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Pterional, trans-sylvian approach is a basic and most popular neurosurgical procedure used in surgical treatment of various vascular, tumor and other lesions located in and around the sellar and parasellar region. It has several benefits such as a shorter working distance, anatomical familiarity, lesser need for brain retraction with wide sylvian dissection, ability of extension with some modification. All anterior circulation aneurysm except pericallosal origin aneurysm and some aneurysm of posterior circulation can be approached with pterional, trans-sylvian method. The authors discribe the procedure of pterional trans-sylvian approach.
Aneurysm* ; Brain ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Recognition (Psychology)